Public Policy Making in Turkey : Foundational Concepts, Current Practice, and Impact of the New Presidential System

This volume discusses public policy making in Turkey. Using Turkey as an overarching case study, the author presents foundational concepts of public policy analysis. The method followed in the book is from general to specific: in each chapter, the relevant public policy stage or concept is explained and discussions from international literature are provided first. Then, Turkish cases are presented and clarified using theoretical concepts and debates. Additional examples from other municipalities are included for a comparative perspective. This volume will be of use to researchers and students studying public policy, policy analysis, and global public administration as well as professionals, policymakers, and diplomats working in the Turkish public sector. . Preface Contents Chapter 1: Basic Concepts of Public Policy 1 Why Public Policy Should Be Studied? 1.1 Public Policy Studies in Turkey 2 The “Black Box” Model 3 Policy Actors 3.1 Policy Actors in Turkey 3.1.1 Bureaucracy 3.1.2 Civil Society 4 Policy Analysis 4.1 Craft or Art? 4.1.1 Policy Analysis as Craft 4.1.2 Policy Analysis as Art 4.2 The Debate in Turkey 4.2.1 Policy Analysis as Craft 4.2.2 Policy Analysis as Art 4.2.3 Policy Analysis as Discipline 4.3 Problems of Policy Analysis 5 Policy Cycle Model References Chapter 2: Agenda Setting 1 Agenda-Setting Models 1.1 Punctuated Equilibrium Model 1.1.1 Punctuated Equilibrium Model in Turkey: Example Cases 1.2 Garbage Can Model 1.3 Multiple Streams Model 1.3.1 Multiple Streams Model in Turkey: Example Cases 1.4 Nondecision Making 2 Policy Networks 2.1 Policy Network Studies in Turkey 3 Policy Communities 3.1 Advocacy Coalition Framework References Chapter 3: Policy Formulation 1 Policy Instruments 2 Policy Design 2.1 Policy Designers 2.2 The Role of Policy Advisors and Policy Advice Systems 2.3 The Role of Policy Ideas 2.4 Limitations on Policy Design and Expertise 2.5 Policy Design in Turkey: The Case of Innovation Policies 3 Policy Paradigms 4 Professional Policy-Making 4.1 Policy-Making Research 5 Evidence-Based Policy Making 5.1 Principles of Evidence-Based Policy-Making 5.2 Evidence and Policy Advocacy 5.3 Interpretation of Evidence 5.4 Examples of Evidence-Based Policy-Making 5.5 Evidence-Based Policy-Making in Turkey: Example Cases 5.6 Problems of Evidence-Based Policy-Making 6 Governance and Policy-Making 7 Deliberative Policy-Making 7.1 Forms of Deliberation 7.1.1 Hard Bargaining 7.1.2 Consensus Building 7.1.3 Mutual Gains 7.1.4 Public Debate Arbitration 7.1.5 Communicative Model 7.2 Deliberative Policy-Making in Turkey 8 Democratization of Public Policy Process 8.1 Public Policy–Citizen Relationship 8.2 Democratic Public Policy-Making Models 8.2.1 Deliberative Forums 8.2.2 Deliberative Surveys 8.2.3 Citizen Juries 9 Obstacles to Participation in Public Policies References Chapter 4: Policy Implementation 1 Top-Down Approach 2 Bottom-up Approach 3 Hybrid Approach 4 Policy Implementation in Turkey 4.1 Centralized Political Culture 4.2 Conflict Between Politicians and Bureaucrats 4.3 Conflict Between Center and Periphery 4.4 Accountability of Public Administration References Chapter 5: Policy Evaluation 1 Public Policy Evaluation Methods 2 Policy Evaluation Tools of the Government 3 Impact Assessment 4 Policy Evaluation in Turkey 4.1 Impact Assessment References