Public Policy in Temporal Perspective : Report on the Workshop on the Application of Time-budget Research to Policy Questions in Urban and Regional Settings (7–9 October 1975, Laxenburg, Austria)

Linguistic variation is a topic of ongoing interest to the field. Its description and its explanations continue to intrigue scholars from many different backgrounds. By taking a deliberately broad perspective on the matter, covering not only crosslinguistic and diachronic but also intralinguistic and interspeaker variation and examining phenomena ranging from negation over connectives to definite articles in well- and lesser-known languages, the volume furthers our understanding of variation in general. The papers offer new insights into, among other things, the theoretical notion of comparative concepts, the social or mental nature of language structure, the areal factor in lexical typology and the diachronic implications of semantic maps. The collection will thus be of relevance to typologists and historical linguists, as well as to people studying variation within the areas of cognitive and functional linguistics. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION I. THE PLACE OF TIME IN ACCOUNTING AND PLANNING SYSTEMS Introduction The Role of Time-Budgets in National and Regional Economic Accounting The Time-Budget in National Economic Planning The Concept of Minimum Leisure Time in Social Policy II. TIME-BUDGETS AND URBAN STRUCTURE Introduction The Spatial Context of Urban Activities : Some Theoretical, Methodological and Policy Considerations A Time-Geographic Approach to Time Allocation and Socio-Ecological Systems Helping the City Planners : Some Comments about Commuting The Culture of Leisure and the Planning of Urban Time and Space III. POLICY ISSUES IN NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE Introduction Time-Use as a Social Indicator Women's Time Patterns in Eleven Countries Household Work and Family Care in Norway IV. METHODOLOGICAL DEMANDS AND REFINEMENTS FOR POLICY APPLICATIONS Introduction Remarks on the Cognitive Possibilities and Limitations of Time-Budget Techniques Patterns of Behavior and Responses to the Urban Environment Retrospective Observations on the Use of Time-Budgets in the Analysis of Housing Implications Household and Dwellings : New Techniques for Recording and Analyzing Data on Time-Use Appendix : List of Participants