Process Systems Analysis and Control

''Process Systems Analysis and Control, Third Edition retains the clarity of presentation for which this book is well known. It is an ideal teaching and learning tool for a semester-long undergraduate chemical engineering course in process dynamics and control. It avoids the encyclopedic approach of many other texts on this topic. Computer examples using MATLAB and Simulink have been introduced throughout the book to supplement and enhance standard hand-solved examples. These packages allow the easy construction of block diagrams and quick analysis of control concepts to enable the student to explore ''what-if'' type problems that would be much more difficult and time consuming by hand. New homework problems have been added to each chapter.The new problems are a mixture of hand-solutions and computational-exercises. One-page capsule summaries have been added to the end of each chapter to help students review and study the most important concepts in each chapter.''--BOOK JACKET. 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Cover Page 1 Title Page 6 Copyright Page 7 Dedication 8 Preface to the Third Edition 16 Contents 10 PART 22 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTORY CONCEPTS 22 1.1 WHY PROCESS CONTROL? 22 1.2 CONTROL SYSTEMS 22 PART I: MODELING FOR PROCESS DYNAMICS 30 CHAPTER 2: MODELING TOOLS FOR PROCESS DYNAMICS 32 2.1 PROCESS DYNAMICS—A CHEMICAL MIXING SCENARIO 32 2.2 MATHEMATICAL TOOLS FOR MODELING 39 2.3 SOLUTION OF ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS (ODES) 47 CHAPTER 3: INVERSION BY PARTIAL FRACTIONS 53 3.1 PARTIAL FRACTIONS 53 3.2 QUALITATIVE NATURE OF SOLUTIONS 64 APPENDIX 3A: FURTHER PROPERTIES OF TRANSFORMS AND PARTIAL FRACTIONS 70 PART II : LINEAR OPEN-LOOP SYSTEMS 90 CHAPTER 4: RESPONSE OF FIRST-ORDER SYSTEMS 92 4.1 TRANSFER FUNCTION 92 4.2 TRANSIENT RESPONSE 98 4.3 FORCING FUNCTIONS 99 4.4 STEP RESPONSE 100 4.5 IMPULSE RESPONSE 106 4.6 RAMP RESPONSE 108 4.7 SINUSOIDAL RESPONSE 108 CHAPTER 5: PHYSICAL EXAMPLES OF FIRST-ORDER SYSTEMS 120 5.1 EXAMPLES OF FIRST-ORDER SYSTEMS 120 5.2 LINEARIZATION 130 CHAPTER 6: RESPONSE OF FIRST-ORDER SYSTEMS IN SERIES 144 6.1 INTRODUCTORY REMARKS 144 6.2 NONINTERACTING SYSTEM 144 6.3 INTERACTING SYSTEM 149 CHAPTER 7: HIGHER-ORDER SYSTEMS: SECOND-ORDER AND TRANSPORTATION LAG 158 7.1 SECOND-ORDER SYSTEM 158 7.2 TRANSPORTATION LAG 174 PART III: LINEAR CLOSED-LOOP SYSTEMS 184 CHAPTER 8: THE CONTROL SYSTEM 186 8.1 INTRODUCTION 186 8.2 COMPONENTS OF A CONTROL SYSTEM 186 8.3 BLOCK DIAGRAM 187 8.4 DEVELOPMENT OF BLOCK DIAGRAM 189 CHAPTER 9: CONTROLLERS AND FINAL CONTROL ELEMENTS 207 9.1 MECHANISMS 208 9.2 IDEAL TRANSFER FUNCTIONS 211 APPENDIX 9A: PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATIONDIAGRAM SYMBOLS 224 CHAPTER 10: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A CHEMICAL-REACTOR CONTROL SYSTEM 226 10.1 DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM 227 10.2 REACTOR TRANSFER FUNCTIONS 227 10.3 CONTROL VALVE 230 10.4 MEASURING ELEMENT 231 10.5 CONTROLLER 232 10.6 CONTROLLER TRANSDUCER 233 10.7 TRANSPORTATION LAG 233 10.8 BLOCK DIAGRAM 233 CHAPTER 11: CLOSED-LOOP TRANSFER FUNCTIONS 239 11.1 STANDARD BLOCK-DIAGRAM SYMBOLS 239 11.2 OVERALL TRANSFER FUNCTION FOR SINGLE-LOOP SYSTEMS 240 11.3 OVERALL TRANSFER FUNCTION FOR MULTILOOP CONTROL SYSTEMS 245 CHAPTER 12:TRANSIENT RESPONSE OF SIMPLE CONTROL SYSTEMS 249 12.1 PROPORTIONAL CONTROL FOR SET POINT CHANGE (SERVO PROBLEM—SET POINT TRACKING) 250 12.2 PROPORTIONAL CONTROL FOR LOAD CHANGE (REGULATOR PROBLEM—DISTURBANCE REJECTION) 255 12.3 PROPORTIONAL-INTEGRAL CONTROL FOR LOAD CHANGE 257 12.4 PROPORTIONAL-INTEGRAL CONTROL FOR SET POINT CHANGE 262 12.5 PROPORTIONAL CONTROL OF SYSTEM WITH MEASUREMENT LAG 264 CHAPTER 13: STABILITY 273 13.1 CONCEPT OF STABILITY 273 13.2 DEFINITION OF STABILITY (LINEAR SYSTEMS) 275 13.3 STABILITY CRITERION 275 13.4 ROUTH TEST FOR STABILITY 279 CHAPTER 14: ROOT LOCUS 290 14.1 CONCEPT OF ROOT LOCUS 290 PART IV: FREQUENCY RESPONSE 306 CHAPTER 15: INTRODUCTION TO FREQUENCY RESPONSE 308 15.1 SUBSTITUTION RULE 308 15.2 BODE DIAGRAMS 321 15.3 APPENDIX—GENERALIZATION OFSUBSTITUTION RULE 337 CHAPTER 16: CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN BY FREQUENCY RESPONSE 344 16.1 TANK TEMPERATURE CONTROL SYSTEM 344 16.2 THE BODE STABILITY CRITERION 347 16.3 GAIN AND PHASE MARGINS 348 16.4 ZIEGLER-NICHOLS CONTROLLER SETTINGS 356 PART V: PROCESS APPLICATIONS 372 CHAPTER 17: ADVANCED CONTROL STRATEGIES 374 17.1 CASCADE CONTROL 374 17.2 FEEDFORWARD CONTROL 382 17.3 RATIO CONTROL 391 17.4 DEAD-TIME COMPENSATION (SMITH PREDICTOR) 394 17.5 INTERNAL MODEL CONTROL 399 CHAPTER 18: CONTROLLER TUNING AND PROCESS IDENTIFICATION 412 18.1 CONTROLLER TUNING 412 18.2 TUNING RULES 415 18.3 PROCESS IDENTIFICATION 431 CHAPTER 19: CONTROL VALVES 444 19.1 CONTROL VALVE CONSTRUCTION 444 19.2 VALVE SIZING 446 19.3 VALVE CHARACTERISTICS 448 19.4 VALVE POSITIONER 459 CHAPTER 20:THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX PROCESSES 464 20.1 CONTROL OF A STEAM-JACKETED KETTLE 464 20.2 DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF A GAS ABSORBER 474 20.3 DISTRIBUTED-PARAMETER SYSTEMS 479 PART VI: STATE-SPACE METHODS 496 CHAPTER 21: STATE-SPACE REPRESENTATION OF PHYSICAL SYSTEMS 498 21.1 INTRODUCTION 498 21.2 STATE VARIABLES 498 APPENDIX 21A: ELEMENTARY MATRIX ALGEBRA 511 CHAPTER 22: TRANSFER FUNCTION MATRIX 519 22.1 TRANSITION MATRIX 520 22.2 TRANSFER FUNCTION MATRIX 523 CHAPTER 23: MULTIVARIABLE CONTROL 533 23.1 CONTROL OF INTERACTING SYSTEMS 535 23.2 STABILITY OF MULTIVARIABLE SYSTEMS 546 PART VII: NON LINEAR CONTROL 552 CHAPTER 24: EXAMPLES OF NONLINEAR SYSTEMS 554 24.1 DEFINITION OF A NONLINEAR SYSTEM 554 24.2 THE PHASE PLANE 555 24.3 PHASE-PLANE ANALYSIS OF DAMPED OSCILLATOR 556 24.4 MOTION OF A PENDULUM 564 24.5 A CHEMICAL REACTOR 568 CHAPTER 25: EXAMPLES OF PHASE-PLANE ANALYSIS 574 25.1 PHASE SPACE 574 25.2 EXAMPLES OF PHASE-PLANE ANALYSIS 582 PART VIII: COMPUTERS IN PROCESS CONTROL 600 CHAPTER 26: MICROPROCESSOR-BASED CONTROLLERS AND DISTRIBUTED CONTROL 602 26.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 602 26.2 HARDWARE COMPONENTS 603 26.3 TASKS OF A MICROPROCESSOR-BASEDCONTROLLER 604 26.4 SPECIAL FEATURES OFMICROPROCESSOR-BASED CONTROLLERS 609 26.5 DISTRIBUTED CONTROL 613 BIBLIOGRAPHY 618 INDEX 620 &Quot;Process Systems Analysis and Control, Third Edition retains the clarity of presentation for which this book is well known. It is an ideal teaching and learning tool for a semester-long undergraduate chemical engineering course in process dynamics and control. It avoids the encyclopedic approach of many other texts on this topic. Computer examples using MATLAB and Simulink have been introduced throughout the book to supplement and enhance standard hand-solved examples. These packages allow the easy construction of block diagrams and quick analysis of control concepts to enable the student to explore "what-if" type problems that would be much more difficult and time consuming by hand. New homework problems have been added to each chapter. The new problems are a mixture of hand-solutions and computational-exercises. One-page capsule summaries have been added to the end of each chapter to help students review and study the most important concepts in each chapter."--BOOK JACKET

Process Systems Analysis and Control, third edition retains the clarity of presentation for which this book is well known. It is an ideal teaching and learning tool for a semester-long undergraduate chemical engineering course in process dynamics and control. It avoids the encyclopedic approach of many other texts on this topic. Computer examples using MATLAB® and Simulink® have been introduced throughout the book to supplement and enhance standard hand-solved examples. These packages allow the easy construction of block diagrams and quick analysis of control concepts to enable the student to explore what-if type problems that would be much more difficult and time consuming by hand.