Proceedings of the International Field Exploration and Development Conference 2023: Vol. 7 (Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering)

Contents Oil and Gas Production Engineering A Review of Inflow Performance Relationship of Conventional Reservoirs and Unconventional Reservoirs 1 Introduction 2 Developments of IPRs 2.1 Traditional (Steady or Pseudo-Steady) IPRs for Conventional Reservoirs 2.2 Transient IPRs for Unconventional Reservoirs 2.3 Dynamic IPRs for Coupled Reservoir-Wellbore Systems 2.4 The New Technique Used on IPRs 3 Prospect and Future Research Directions 4 Conclusions References Research and Application of 245 MPa Ultra-High Pressure Perforating Technology 1 Introduction 2 Research of 245 MPa Perforating Equipment and Supporting Tools 2.1 Type 89 mm 245 MPa Perforating Gun 2.2 Ultra High Temperature Perforating Bullet 2.3 Ultra-High Pressure Detonating Equipment 2.4 Shock Absorber 2.5 Performance Test and Verification 3 Supporting Technology for 245 Mpa Ultra-High Pressure Perforation 3.1 Tubing Transmission Perforating Technology 3.2 Precise Segmented Delayed Perforating Technology 3.3 Wireless Monitoring Technology for Perforation 4 Application Example of 245 MPa Perforating Technology 5 Conclusion References Numerical Study of the Mechanism of Fracture Height Extension in Shale Reservoirs 1 Introduction 2 Extended Finite Element Models 2.1 Mathematical Models 2.2 Model Validation 3 Physical Model 3.1 Single Bedding Shale Model 3.2 Multi-Bedding Shale Model 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Vertical Stress Difference 4.2 Bonding Strength of Bedding Surface 4.3 Young's Modulus 4.4 Bedding Dip Angle 4.5 Bedding Spacing 4.6 Injection Rate 4.7 Fracturing Fluid Viscosity 4.8 Multi-factor Orthogonal Analysis 5 Conclusions References An Optimization Method for Parameter Adjustment of Pumping Well 1 Introduction 2 Construction of Parameter Optimization Model of Pumping Well 2.1 Well Production Calculation 2.2 Calculation of Polished Rod Power 2.3 Input Power Calculation of Pumping Unit 2.4 Parameter Optimization Model of Pumping Well 3 Solving Parameter Optimization Model of Pumping Well 4 Application Example 5 Conclusion References Simulation Study on the Morphological Changes of Acid-Etching Fracture Surface Under Stress 1 Introduction 2 Experiment 2.1 Acid-etching Experiment 2.2 Mechanical Experiment 3 Numerical Simulation 3.1 Rock Mechanics Model 3.2 3D Scanning Model 4 Result and Analysis 4.1 Effect of Rock Mechanical Property 4.2 Effect of Stress Load Condition 4.3 Comparison with the Conventional Model 5 Conclusion References Experimental Study on Damage Evaluation of Fracturing Fluid in Shale Oil Reservoir 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Principle of Pressure Oscillation Method 3 Experimental Materials and Instruments 3.1 Experimental Cores and Fracturing Fluids 3.2 Experimental Installation 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Study on the Experimental Method of Core Permeability Test of Shale Oil Reservoir by Pressure Oscillation Method 4.2 Evaluation of Core Permeability Damage Degree of Shale Oil Reservoir by Different Fracturing Fluid System 5 Conclusion References Evaluation of Fracturing Effects and Analysis of Key Influences in Coal Bed Methane Reservoirs Based on Grey Correlation Theory 1 Introduction 2 Parameters Affecting the Fracturing Effect 2.1 Reservoir Physical Properties 2.2 Geological Parameters of the Reservoir 2.3 Analysis of Fracturing Engineering Factors 3 Comprehensive Analysis of Factors Affecting Fracturing Effect 3.1 Grey Correlation Analysis of Influencing Factors 3.2 Factor Correlation Analysis 3.3 Analysis of Factors Affecting Fracturing Effect in Other Blocks 4 Conclusions References Research and Application of Fracturing Technology for Offshore Oil Well 1 Fracturing Technology Used in Offshore Oil Well 1.1 Safe and Environmental and High Temperature Resistant Fracturing Fluid 1.2 Selection of Fracturing Technology Parameters 1.3 Fracturing Equipments 1.4 Safety Measures in Offshore Fracturing Stimulation 2 Application and Effect of Fracturing Technology in Offshore Oil Well 3 Conclusion References Study on Displacement Gas Invasion Law During Horizontal Well Drilling in Fractured Gas Reservoir 1 Introduction 2 Simulation Model of Vertical Fracture In Horizontal Well Drilling 2.1 Model Building 2.2 Solving Parameter 3 Gravity Displacement Gas Invasion Simulation 3.1 Dynamic Process of Gas-Liquid Displacement 3.2 Analysis of Influencing Factors 4 Countermeasures of Gravity Displacement Gas Invasion in Horizontal Wells 4.1 The Influence of Drilling Fluid Viscosity on Gas Invasion and Loss Rate 4.2 Effect of Drilling Fluid Density on Gas Invasion and Loss Rate 4.3 Effect of Wellhead back Pressure on Gas Invasion and Loss Rate 5 Analysis and Conclusion 5.1 Analysis 5.2 Conclusion References Development and Application of Non-acid Plugging Remover for Injection Wells 1 Survey 2 Experimental 2.1 Materials and Instruments 2.2 Experimental Method 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Effect of Concentration on Dissolution Rate 3.2 Effect of Reaction Time on Dissolution Rate 3.3 Dissolution Effect on Sandstone Matrix 3.4 Effect of NA-A2 on Core Permeability 3.5 Corrosion Performance of NA-A2 3.6 Application 4 Conclusion References Application and Practice of Geological Engineering Integrated Tight Oil Fracturing Technology in Jidong Oilfield 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Geo-Engineering Integrated Fracturing Design Optimization 3.1 Cluster Spacing and Staging Design Optimization 3.2 Fracturing Experiment of Mudstone Interlayer Breakthrough 3.3 Fracturing Parameter Optimization 4 Fracturing Material Optimization 4.1 Proppant Optimization 4.2 Fracturing Fluid and Surfactant Performance Evaluation 5 Field Practice 5.1 Zipper Fracturing 5.2 Mudstone Interlayer Breakthrough Fracturing Experiments 6 Conclusion References Research and Field Application of Quasi-Dry CO2 Fracturing Technology in Ji Dong Oilfield 1 Introduction 2 Quasi-Dry CO2 Fracturing Technology 2.1 Research on Performance of Quasi-Dry Fracturing Fluid 2.2 Quasi-dry CO2 Fracturing Construction Process 2.3 Advantages of Quasi-Dry CO2 Fracturing Technology 3 Field Practice of Quasi-Dry CO2 Fracturing 4 Conclusion References Scale Prediction and Field Application of ASP Flooding Production Well 1 Preface 2 Scaling Component 3 CaCO3 Saturation Index Equation 4 Field Application 4.1 The Scale Prediction Model of Saturation Index Method Established 4.2 Field Test 5 Conclusion References Research and Application of Volume Fracturing Technology for Low Permeability and Tight Reservoirs 1 Reservoir Property 2 Volume Fracturing Process Parameter Optimization 2.1 Fracturing Fluid Volume Optimization 2.2 Injection Rate Optimization 2.3 Sand to Liquid Ratio Optimization 2.4 Proppant Optimization 3 Optimization of Sand Adding Process in Slickwater 3.1 Velocity-Temperature-Concentration Coupling Chart 3.2 The Whole Process of Slickwater Continuous Sand Adding Technology 4 Conclusion References Online Mixing of Produced Water with Low Damage Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid System 1 Preface 2 Analysis and Solution of Difficulties in Preparing Fracturing Fluid with Produced Water 2.1 Characteristics of Produced Water 2.2 Technical Route of Produced Water Preparation of Fracturing Fluid 3 Produced Water and Clear Water Quality Test Analysis 4 Influence and Evaluation of Produced Water Composition on Fracturing Fluid Performance 4.1 Analysis of Influencing Factors of Fracturing Fluid Performance 4.2 Formula Design of Produced Water Fracturing Fluid 4.3 Production Water Fracturing Fluid Formula Performance Test 4.4 Application Effect Evaluation 5 Conclusion References Study on Aggregation Morphology and Resistance Reducing Properties of Drag Reducing Agents 1 Introduction to the Experiment 1.1 Materials and Instruments 1.2 Experimental Method 2 Results and Discussion 2.1 Determination of Critical Concentration of Aggregates 2.2 Drag Reducer Microstructure Characterization and Analysis 3 Conclusion References Analysis on Main Controlling Factors of Fracturing Effect of Fengxi Tight Oil 1 Geology of Fengxi Area 1.1 Comprehensive Geological Assessment 1.2 Geomechanical Overview 2 Fracturing and Production of N21-III-3 Formation in Fengxi 3 Comparative Analysis of Fracturing Parameters 4 Conclusion References Optimization of Viscosity Reduction Technology by Electric Heating for Petroleum Pipeline 1 Preface 2 Brief Introduction to the Principle of Electric Heating Petroleum Pipeline Technology 3 Establishment of Mathematical Models 4 Application Instance 4.1 Influence of Liquid Production and Water Content on Temperature Field 4.2 Optimization of Pipeline Heating Length 4.3 Power Optimization of Electric Heating for Pipeline 5 Conclusion References Study on Annular Pressure Buildup Occurring in the Production String in Dual Packer Completion Offshore Heavy Oil Wells 1 Introduction 2 Temperature Field Analysis 3 Mathematical Model of APB with Dual Packers 4 Case Analysis 4.1 Model Verification 4.2 Sensitivity Analysis 4.3 Strings and Packers Strength Check 4.4 N2 Injection to Prevent APB 5 Conclusions Appendix A: Analysis of Casing Displacement in Cement Section References Optimization and Application of Directional Well Beam Pumping Unit Model 1 Preface 2 Theoretical Formula for Optimization of Directional Well Lifting 2.1 Calculation of Polished Rod Load for Directional Wells 2.2 Calculation of Sucker Rod Strength 3 Directional Well Load Analysis 3.1 Analysis of Maximum and Minimum Loads for Directional Wwells 4 Directional Well Pumping Uunit Selection Chart 5 Application Situation 6 Conclusion References Optimization Design of Sucker Rods for Directional Wells with High Pour Point Crude Oil 1 Preface 2 Establishment of Mathematical Models 2.1 Calculation of Temperature Field in High Pour Point Crude Oil Cylinder 2.2 Calculation of Polished Rod Load for Directional Wells 2.3 Calculation of Sucker Rod Strength 3 Load Analysis of High Pour Point Crude Oil Directional Wells 3.1 Analysis of Viscous Force of High Pour Point Crude Oil on Sucker Rods 3.2 Analysis of Frictional Load in Directional Wells 3.3 Analysis of Maximum and Minimum Loads for Directional Wells with High Pour Point Crude Oil 4 Combinatorial Optimization of Rod String in Directional Wells 5 Conclusion References Study on Optimization of Structural Parameters of Downhole De-oiling Equipment of Hydrocyclones in the Single-Well Injection-Production System 1 Introduction 1.1 A Subsection Sample 2 Structural Design 3 Numerical Simulation Method 3.1 Model Meshing 3.2 Boundary Conditions 3.3 Mathematical Model 3.4 Optimal Design of Response Surface 3.5 Experimental Verification of the Design 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Analysis of Simulation Results 4.2 Analysis of Variance and Verification of Model Accuracy 4.3 Model Analysis Before and After Optimization 5 Conclusion References Development and Application of Real-Time Monitoring System for Fracturing and Acidizing Flowback Fluid 1 Introduction 2 Screening of Detection Parameters of Fracturing and Acidizing Flowback Fluid 2.1 Feasibility Evaluation of Online Monitoring of pH Value 2.2 Feasibility Evaluation of Online Monitoring of Total Salinity 2.3 Feasibility Evaluation of Online Monitoring of Total Acidity 2.4 Feasibility Evaluation of Online Monitoring of Surface Tension 3 Configuration Scheme of Real-Time Monitoring System for Fracturing and Acidizing Flowback Fluid 3.1 Hardware Composition of Real-Time Monitoring System for Fracturing and Acidizing Flowback Fluid 3.2 Specific Operating Steps of the Real-Time Monitoring System for Fracturing and Acidizing Flowback Fluid 4 Field Application 5 Conclusion References Innovation and Application of Intelligent Injection & Production and Remote Monitoring Technology in Offshore Oilfields 1 Cable-Control Intelligent Injection and Production Technology 1.1 Technical Composition and Principle 1.2 Key Tools 1.3 Ground Control System 2 Remote Monitoring Technology 2.1 Technical Composition and Principle 2.2 Key Equipment 2.3 Remote Monitoring System 3 Field Application 4 Conclusion References Research and Application of Gas Well Condition Diagnosis and Remote Measurement and Control Technology 1 Introduction 2 Introduction of Gas Well Condition Diagnosis and Remote Measurement and Control Technology 3 Research on Condition Diagnosis Algorithm 3.1 Establishment and Application of Algorithm Model 3.2 Algorithm Result Verification 4 Research on Remote Measurement and Control Technology 4.1 Establishment and Application of Intelligent Parameter Algorithm Model 4.2 Remote Measurement and Control Laboratory Experiment 5 Field Test and Application Effect 6 Conclusion and Understanding References Research and Evaluation of Variable Speed Optimization Operation Technologies for Pumping Unit in Y Oilfield 1 Introduction 2 Models of Variable Speed Operation 2.1 Balanced Power Operation 2.2 Continuous Operation and Swing Operation for Crank 2.3 Segmented Speed Regulating Operation 3 Test Plan 3.1 Test Devices 3.2 Test Content 4 Analysis and Estimation of Field Test 4.1 Balanced Power Operation 4.2 Crank Swing Operation 4.3 Segmented Speed Regulating Operation 5 Conclusion References Algorithm for Fault Diagnosis in the Electric Submersible PCP System, A Case Study 1 Introduction 2 Electric Submersible PCP 3 Algorithm for Fault Diagnosis 3.1 Field Test 4 Conclusions References Research and Experiment on Lifting Technology of a Diaphragm Submersible Reciprocating Pump 1 Introduction 1.1 Process Structure Design 1.2 Operation Principle Research 1.3 Control System Development 1.4 Technical Features 2 Research on Harmonic Control Technology 3 Field Test 4 Technology Development Trends 4.1 Study on Downhole Working Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis Method of Diaphragm Type Submersible Reciprocating Pump 4.2 Research on New Low-Cost Wax Removal Technology 4.3 Research on Intelligent Cable Laying Composite Coiled Tubing Technology 5 Conclusion References Intelligent Operation Control System of Pumping Unit for Supply and Production Balance of Production Well 1 Introduction 2 Technical Ideas 3 System Composition 3.1 Parameter Sampling Frequency 3.2 Accuracy and Stability of Data Transfer 3.3 Electrical Parameters According to Analysis, Judge Module - Touch Screen 3.4 Control Module – PLC Controller 3.5 Execution Module – Frequency Converter 4 System Function 4.1 Automatic Intelligent Adjustment of Parameters 4.2 Non-stop Intelligent Pumping 5 Laboratory Experiment 6 Field Test 7 Conclusion References Development and Application of a Detection System for Submersible Permanent Magnet Linear Motor 1 Introduction 2 Basic Principle and Composition 3 Design of Sensor Acquisition and Analysis System 3.1 Design of Vibration Sensors 3.2 Stretch-Pressure Sensor 3.3 Displacement Sensors 4 Design of Simulated Loading System 4.1 Design of Loading Cylinder for Loading System 4.2 Design of Pressure Regulation System for Simulated Loading System 5 System Test 6 Conclusion References Electric Submersible Progressive Cavity Pump Combined with Intelligent Composite Coiled Tubing, An Efficient Artificial Lift System for Platform Wells 1 Introduction 2 Structure Design of Composite Coiled Tubing Body 3 Design of Composite Coiled Tubing Connector 4 Rodless Lifting Process 5 Field Test 6 Conclusion References Current Status and Prospects of Oil Production Engineering Technology for CO2 Flooding in Y Oilfield 1 Introduction 2 Overview of CO2 Flooding Test Area 3 Oil Production Engineering Technology for CO2 Flooding in Y Oilfield 3.1 Layered Injection Technology 3.2 Gas Breakthrough Well Treatment Technology 3.3 Wellbore Deplugging Technology 3.4 Coiled Tubing Deplugging 4 Problems and Research Directions 4.1 Gas Breakthrough Well Treatment Technology 4.2 Wellbore Plugging Removal Technology 4.3 Corrosion Protection Technology 5 Conclusion References Research and Application of Liquid Carbon Dioxide Composite Fracturing in W Oilfield 1 Introduction 2 Mechanism of Liquid Carbon Dioxide Composite Fracturing Stimulation 2.1 Liquid Carbon Dioxide 2.2 Supercritical Carbon Dioxide 3 Optimization of Liquid Carbon Dioxide Composite Fracturing Design 3.1 Optimization of Fracturing Fluid System 3.2 Optimization of Construction Displacement 3.3 Optimization of Fracturing Proppant 3.4 Optimization of Construction Scale 3.5 Optimization of Pump Injection Method 3.6 Optimization of Fracturing Manifold 3.7 Optimization of Soaking and Flowback Design 4 On-Site Application of Liquid Carbon Dioxide Composite Fracturing 5 Application Effect of Liquid Carbon Dioxide Composite Fracturing 5.1 Phase Change 5.2 Swept Volume 5.3 Fracture Stimulation Effect 6 Conclusion References Experimental Study on Enhanced Pre-CO2 Assisted Flowback of Fracturing Fluid in Tight Reservoirs 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Section 2.1 Experimental Materials and Apparatus 2.2 Experimental Materials and Apparatus 2.3 Experimental Procedures 3 Experimental Results and Analysis 3.1 Influence of Pre-injection CO2 Pressure on Flowback Rate 3.2 Displacement Rules of Fracturing Fluid in Porous Media with Different Pore sizes 3.3 Analysis of the Mechanism of CO2-Assisted Flowback of Fracturing Fluid 4 Experimental Results and Analysis References Research and Application of the CO2 Dry Fracturing Technology 1 Preface 2 Technical Characteristics of CO2 Dry Fracturing Technology 2.1 High Rock-Breaking Ability for Areas in a Moderate Distance or Far from Wellbores 2.2 Complex Fracture Morphology 2.3 Tendency to Generate Complex Shear Fractures 2.4 Mix Phase, Expansion, Viscosity Reduction 2.5 Energy Storage and Production Increase 2.6 Low-Damage Production Increase 3 Technical Advantages of CO2 dry Fracturing Technology 4 Effectiveness of CO2 dry Fracturing Technology Applied Abroad 4.1 Tight Oil Wells Abroad 4.2 Tight Gas Wells Abroad 5 Effectiveness of CO2 Dry Fracturing Technology Applied in China 5.1 Application of CO2 Dry Fracturing in Jilin Oilfield 5.2 Application of CO2 Dry Fracturing in Changqing Oilfield 6 Problems in CO2 dry fracturing process 6.1 High Friction Drag, Poor Sand Suspension and High Filtration Loss of Liquid CO2 6.2 Difficulty in Predicting CO2 Phase Change During Fracturing 6.3 Defective Key Fracturing Equipment 6.4 CO2 Fracturing Construction Parameters Design to Be Further Studied 7 Conclusion References Research on Adaptability of Downhole Two-Stage Series Hydrocyclone Separation Technology 1 Introduce 2 Simplified Model 3 Numerical Simulation 3.1 Split Ratio 3.2 Capacity 3.3 Water Content 4 Laboratory Test 4.1 Split Ratio 4.2 Capacity 5 Conclusion References Experimental Study on Spiral Cutting and Winding and Taking Out Method of Surface Casing in Oil and Water Wells 1 Foreword 2 Process Demonstration 3 Cutting Process Optimization 3.1 Optimization of Cutting Process 3.2 Plasma Cutting Machine Optimization 4 Parameter Argument 5 Key Tool Design 5.1 Cutting Tools in Tubes 5.2 Test Bench 5.3 Preparation of Surface Casing Sample 5.4 Pipe Expanding and Coupling Tools 6 Laboratory Test 6.1 Casing Cutting Test 6.2 Surface Casing Connection and Winding Out Test 7 Test Conclusions References Development and Application of Electric Actuated Downhole Intelligent Switching Tool 1 Introduction 2 Design of Electric-Driven Downhole Intelligent Switch 2.1 Overall Scheme Design 2.2 Design of Collective Structure 2.3 Technical Characteristics of Downhole Intelligent Switchgear 3 Performance Test Research 3.1 High Temperature and High Pressure Tightness Test. 3.2 Communication Control Reliability Test 4 Field Test 5 Conclusion References Stress Analysis of Hollow Sucker Rod Screw Thread Jiont and Shape Optimization of Screw Thread 1 Stress Distribution of the Hollow Sucker Rod Thread Joint 1.1 Finite Element Model 1.2 Finite Element Analysis 1.3 Analysis of the Results 2 Structural Optimization Design of Hollow Rod Thread Joint 2.1 To Establish the Shape Change 2.2 Definition of Optimization Problems 2.3 Optimize the Results of Analysis 3 Conclusion References Horizontal Well Volumetric Fracturing Technology Integrating Fracturing-Energy Enhancement for Tight Oil in Daqing Oilfield 1 Preface 2 Imbibition Mechanism of Oil-Water Displacement for Fracturing Energy Enhancement 2.1 Pumping Fluid to Improve Reservoir Conditions 2.2 Closing Well Facilitates Oil-Water Displacement 2.3 Wettability Reversal is Achieved During Flowback 3 Key Technology of Volumetric Fracturing with Integrated Energy Enhancement 3.1 Pumping Fluid to Improve Reservoir Conditions 3.2 Fracturing Parameter Optimization 3.3 Optimization of Surfactant for Energy Enhancement 3.4 Optimization of Well Shut-Off Time 4 Field Test Effect 5 Conclusion References Numerical Modeling of Particle Bridging in a T-Shaped Fracture with the Resolved CFD–DEM Coupling 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 CFD 2.2 DEM 2.3 CFD‒DEM Coupling 3 Model Validation 4 Simulation Setup 4.1 Model Geometry 4.2 Modeling Parameters and Boundary Conditions 4.3 Grid Independence 5 Results 5.1 Threshold and Critical Particle Concentration 5.2 The Effect of Fracture Geometry 5.3 The Effect of Friction Coefficient 6 Conclusions References Experimental Study on Hydraulic Fracture Propagation Mechanism of Water Injection Propagation in Super Deep Fracture-Cavity Carbonate Reservoir 1 Introduction 2 Experiment Method and Preparation 2.1 Experimental Equipment and Scheme 2.2 Experimental Process 3 Experimental Results and Analysis 3.1 Analysis of Typical Pressure Curve 3.2 Analysis of Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Hydraulic Fractures in Carbonate Rocks 4 Conclusion References Numerical Simulation Optimization Research on Fracture Propagation of Multi-Cluster Fracturing in Tight-Oil Horizontal Wells 1 Introduction 2 Multi-cluster Fracture Propagation Model 2.1 Multi-cluster Traffic Dynamic Distribution Model 2.2 Model of Induced Stress Field Between Multiple Clusters 2.3 Model of Induced Stress Field Between Multiple Clusters 3 Numerical Simulation Results 3.1 Effects of Proppant Concentration on Fracture Propagation in Multiple Clusters 3.2 Influence of Construction Displacement on Multi-Cluster Fracture Propagation 3.3 Effect of Number of Perforations Per Cluster on Fracture Propagation of Multiple Clusters 3.4 Effect of Perforating Aperture on Fracture Propagation of Multiple Clusters 4 Conclusions References Research on Influencing Factors of Fracture Propagation in Basement Rock Fractured Reservoir 1 Preface 2 Experimental Content 3 Experimental Results 3.1 Influence of Geological Factors 3.2 Influence of Engineering Factors 4 Conclusion References Application of Rodless Oil Production Technology with Coiled Tubing Electric Submersible Pump in Jiyuan Oilfield 1 Introduction 2 Rodless Production Process 2.1 Technical Feature 2.2 Major Equipment 3 Application Evaluation 3.1 Basic Overview 3.2 Application Effect 4 Conclusion and Understanding References Research and Application of Non-flowback Clean Fracturing Fluid in Changqing Ultra-Low Permeability Oilfield 1 Forward 2 Preparation of Fracturing Fluid 3 Experimental Part 3.1 Materials and Instruments 3.2 Experimental Methods 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Thickening Performance 4.2 Temperature Shear Resistance 4.3 Suspension Performance 4.4 Filtration Performance 4.5 Analysis of Gel-Breaking Performance and Residue 4.6 Penetration Damage Test 4.7 Compatibility and Oil Emulsification 5 Field Test 6 Conclusions References Study on Screening and Performance Evaluation Technology of Salt-Tolerant Foaming Agent 1 Introduction 2 Experiment and Research Plan 2.1 Raw Materials and Equipment 2.2 Experimental Methods 3 Screening and Evaluation of Foaming Agents 3.1 Screening of Salt Resistant Foaming Agents 3.2 Evaluation of Foaming and Liquid Carrying Capacity 3.3 Half-Life of Liquid Precipitation 3.4 Comprehensive Performance 3.5 Evaluation of Foaming Surface Activity 4 Conclusion References Preparation and Performance of a Demulsifier Based on Nanocrystalline Cellulose 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Method 2.1 Materials 2.2 Preparation 2.3 Measurements 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Structural Characterization 3.2 Demulsification Performance 3.3 Application 4 Conclusion References Research and Application of Nano-flooding Synergistic Fracturing Technology in Tight Conglomerate Reservoir Horizontal Wells in Mahu 1 Introduction 2 Effect of Old Well Replenishing Formation Energy on the Reconstruction of the Ground Stress Field 2.1 Regional Ground Stress Field Simulation 2.2 Simulation of the Reconstruction of the Stress Field by Water Injection to Supply Formation Energy 3 Optimization of Nano Oil Displacement Agents 3.1 Particle Size Distribution 3.2 Reduce Oil-Water Interfacial Tension 3.3 Static Imbibing Displacement Experiment 4 Nano-flooding Synergistic Fracturing Field Practice 4.1 The Old Wells Nano-flooding to Supply Energy 4.2 Fracturing Process and Parameters of Infill Wells 4.3 Fracturing Disturbance Situation 4.4 Nano-flooding Synergistic Fracturing Production Effect 5 Conclusion References Fracability Evaluation of Ganchaigou Shale Oil Reservoir in Yingxiongling 1 Introduction 2 Evaluation Method of Matrix Brittleness and Its Impact on Compressibility 3 The Effect of Horizontal Principal Stress Difference on Compressibility 4 The Effect of Crack Density on Compressibility 5 Proposal of Comprehensive Compressibility Index 6 Application Examples 7 Conclusion References Research and Application of Fracturing Technology in the Lateral Drilling to Horizontal Well of the Ultra-short Radius 1 Introduction 2 The Lateral Drilling Horizontal Well of the Ultra-short Radius 3 Horizontal Well Fracturing Technology of the Ultra-short Radius Lateral Drilling 3.1 Fracturing String 3.2 Fracturing Process Design Method 3.3 Proper Scale Fracturing 3.4 Large Scale Fracturing 3.5 Analysis of Key Factors Affecting Lateral Drilling Fracturing Effect 4 Localization Multistage Fracturing Technology of Short Radius Lateral Drilling to Horizontal Well 5 Application Effect 6 Conclusion References Optimization of Fracture Spacing in Horizontal Well of Intermediate-Basic Volcanic Gas Reservoir 1 Introduction 2 Analysis of the Influence of Fracture Spacing on the Seepage Zone 3 Optimization of Fracture Spacing in Intermediate-Basic Volcanic Rock Reservoirs 3.1 Maximum Capacity Optimization Method 3.2 Z-Value Optimization Method 3.3 Optimization of Effective Seepage Zone 3.4 Comparative Analysis 4 Conclusion References Experimental Study on Proppant Embedment Conductivity in Daqing Shale Reservoir 1 Preface 2 Proppant Embeddedness and Conductivity Test 2.1 Experimental Principle 2.2 Experimental Scheme and Process 3 Experimental Results and Analysis 3.1 The Degree of Proppant Embedment Under Different Stresses 3.2 Study on the Influence of Different Proppant Embedment on the Conductivity 3.3 Experimental Results of Combined Particle Size Conductivitys 4 Conclusion References Formulation of Oil Displacement and Viscosity Reduction System for Tight Oil Reservoir 1 Introduction 2 Study on Formula of Oil Displacement and Viscosity Reduction System in Tight Oil Reservoir 2.1 Screening of Oil Displacement System 2.2 Screening of Viscosity-Reducing System Synthesis of Viscosity Reducing Agent 3 Performance Evaluation of Oil Displacement Viscosity Reduction System 3.1 Table Interfacial Tension Evaluation 3.2 Evaluation of Wettability 3.3 Evaluation of Oil Displacement Effect 3.4 Viscosity Reduction Effect Evaluation 4 Evaluation of Compatibility of Oil Displacement and Viscosity Reduction System with Fracturing Fluid and Reservoir 4.1 Compatibility Evaluation of Oil Displacement Viscosity Reduction System and Different Fracturing Fluids 5 Conclusion References Research on Drag Type Multi-stage Fracturing Technology for Casing Damaged Wells 1 Introduction 2 Technological Difficulties 3 Development of Small Diameter Key Tools 3.1 Development of Small Diameter Packer 3.2 Development of Small Diameter Pressure Transmitting Sand Jet with Wear & Corrosion Resistance 3.3 Development of Small Diameter Tubing BOP 4 Field Application 5 Conclusion References Optimization and Practice of Acidizing in K Oilfield, Kazakhstan 1 Foreword 2 Statistical Analysis of Reservoir Reconstruction Process in K Oilfield 3 Design and Practice of Acidizing Process in K Oilfield 3.1 Operation Situation and Effect Analysis of New Well Acidizing Production 3.2 The Situation and Effect Analysis of Acidizing Stimulation in Old Wells 4 Conclusion References Research and Application of Sweet Spot Evaluation Technology for Shale Oil Reservoir Engineering in Qaidam Basin 1 The Introduction 2 Key Technologies 2.1 Lithic Mineral Analysis Technology 2.2 Fracability Analysis Technology 3 Application Situation 4 Conclusion References Study on Influencing Factors of Stimulated Volume in Tight Reservoirs 1 Introduction 2 Computation Model of Stimulated Reservoir Volume 2.1 Model Assumptions 2.2 Mathematical Model 3 Analysis of Influencing Factors 3.1 Numerical Model 3.2 Length of Fracture Net 3.3 Spacing of Fracture 3.4 Conductivity 4 Conclusion References Application of Fracturing and Completion Technology in Sichuan-Chongqing Continental Tight Sandstone Reservoir 1 Introduction 2 Overview of the Gas Field 3 Design of Core Tools for Fracturing and Completion Technology 3.1 Structural Design of Y344 Self Releasing Pressure Sandblasting Packer 3.2 High Temperature and High Pressure Sealing Performance Testing of Rubber Cylinder 3.3 Operation Principle and Sealing Performance Testing of Packers 4 Application of Fracturing Completion Technology in Hechuan Gas Field 4.1 The Application of High Pressure and High Displacement Multilayer Fracturing String in Vertical Wells in the Xujiahe Formation 4.2 High Pressure and Large Displacement Multi Layer Fracturing Gas Lift String of Vertical Well is Applied to Shaximiao Formation 5 Conclusion References Research and Application of Anti Eccentric Wear Technology of Rod and Tubing in Oil Production of PCP 1 Introduction 2 Study on Rod Tubing Eccentric Wear Mechanism of PCP 2.1 Analysis of Rod-Tube Contents Oil and Gas Production Engineering A Review of Inflow Performance Relationship of Conventional Reservoirs and Unconventional Reservoirs 1 Introduction 2 Developments of IPRs 2.1 Traditional (Steady or Pseudo-Steady) IPRs for Conventional Reservoirs 2.2 Transient IPRs for Unconventional Reservoirs 2.3 Dynamic IPRs for Coupled Reservoir-Wellbore Systems 2.4 The New Technique Used on IPRs 3 Prospect and Future Research Directions 4 Conclusions References Research and Application of 245 MPa Ultra-High Pressure Perforating Technology 1 Introduction 2 Research of 245 MPa Perforating Equipment and Supporting Tools 2.1 Type 89 mm 245 MPa Perforating Gun 2.2 Ultra High Temperature Perforating Bullet 2.3 Ultra-High Pressure Detonating Equipment 2.4 Shock Absorber 2.5 Performance Test and Verification 3 Supporting Technology for 245 Mpa Ultra-High Pressure Perforation 3.1 Tubing Transmission Perforating Technology 3.2 Precise Segmented Delayed Perforating Technology 3.3 Wireless Monitoring Technology for Perforation 4 Application Example of 245 MPa Perforating Technology 5 Conclusion References Numerical Study of the Mechanism of Fracture Height Extension in Shale Reservoirs 1 Introduction 2 Extended Finite Element Models 2.1 Mathematical Models 2.2 Model Validation 3 Physical Model 3.1 Single Bedding Shale Model 3.2 Multi-Bedding Shale Model 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Vertical Stress Difference 4.2 Bonding Strength of Bedding Surface 4.3 Young's Modulus 4.4 Bedding Dip Angle 4.5 Bedding Spacing 4.6 Injection Rate 4.7 Fracturing Fluid Viscosity 4.8 Multi-factor Orthogonal Analysis 5 Conclusions References An Optimization Method for Parameter Adjustment of Pumping Well 1 Introduction 2 Construction of Parameter Optimization Model of Pumping Well 2.1 Well Production Calculation 2.2 Calculation of Polished Rod Power 2.3 Input Power Calculation of Pumping Unit 2.4 Parameter Optimization Model of Pumping Well 3 Solving Parameter Optimization Model of Pumping Well 4 Application Example 5 Conclusion References Simulation Study on the Morphological Changes of Acid-Etching Fracture Surface Under Stress 1 Introduction 2 Experiment 2.1 Acid-etching Experiment 2.2 Mechanical Experiment 3 Numerical Simulation 3.1 Rock Mechanics Model 3.2 3D Scanning Model 4 Result and Analysis 4.1 Effect of Rock Mechanical Property 4.2 Effect of Stress Load Condition 4.3 Comparison with the Conventional Model 5 Conclusion References Experimental Study on Damage Evaluation of Fracturing Fluid in Shale Oil Reservoir 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Principle of Pressure Oscillation Method 3 Experimental Materials and Instruments 3.1 Experimental Cores and Fracturing Fluids 3.2 Experimental Installation 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Study on the Experimental Method of Core Permeability Test of Shale Oil Reservoir by Pressure Oscillation Method 4.2 Evaluation of Core Permeability Damage Degree of Shale Oil Reservoir by Different Fracturing Fluid System 5 Conclusion References Evaluation of Fracturing Effects and Analysis of Key Influences in Coal Bed Methane Reservoirs Based on Grey Correlation Theory 1 Introduction 2 Parameters Affecting the Fracturing Effect 2.1 Reservoir Physical Properties 2.2 Geological Parameters of the Reservoir 2.3 Analysis of Fracturing Engineering Factors 3 Comprehensive Analysis of Factors Affecting Fracturing Effect 3.1 Grey Correlation Analysis of Influencing Factors 3.2 Factor Correlation Analysis 3.3 Analysis of Factors Affecting Fracturing Effect in Other Blocks 4 Conclusions References Research and Application of Fracturing Technology for Offshore Oil Well 1 Fracturing Technology Used in Offshore Oil Well 1.1 Safe and Environmental and High Temperature Resistant Fracturing Fluid 1.2 Selection of Fracturing Technology Parameters 1.3 Fracturing Equipments 1.4 Safety Measures in Offshore Fracturing Stimulation 2 Application and Effect of Fracturing Technology in Offshore Oil Well 3 Conclusion References Study on Displacement Gas Invasion Law During Horizontal Well Drilling in Fractured Gas Reservoir 1 Introduction 2 Simulation Model of Vertical Fracture In Horizontal Well Drilling 2.1 Model Building 2.2 Solving Parameter 3 Gravity Displacement Gas Invasion Simulation 3.1 Dynamic Process of Gas-Liquid Displacement 3.2 Analysis of Influencing Factors 4 Countermeasures of Gravity Displacement Gas Invasion in Horizontal Wells 4.1 The Influence of Drilling Fluid Viscosity on Gas Invasion and Loss Rate 4.2 Effect of Drilling Fluid Density on Gas Invasion and Loss Rate 4.3 Effect of Wellhead back Pressure on Gas Invasion and Loss Rate 5 Analysis and Conclusion 5.1 Analysis 5.2 Conclusion References Development and Application of Non-acid Plugging Remover for Injection Wells 1 Survey 2 Experimental 2.1 Materials and Instruments 2.2 Experimental Method 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Effect of Concentration on Dissolution Rate 3.2 Effect of Reaction Time on Dissolution Rate 3.3 Dissolution Effect on Sandstone Matrix 3.4 Effect of NA-A2 on Core Permeability 3.5 Corrosion Performance of NA-A2 3.6 Application 4 Conclusion References Application and Practice of Geological Engineering Integrated Tight Oil Fracturing Technology in Jidong Oilfield 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Geo-Engineering Integrated Fracturing Design Optimization 3.1 Cluster Spacing and Staging Design Optimization 3.2 Fracturing Experiment of Mudstone Interlayer Breakthrough 3.3 Fracturing Parameter Optimization 4 Fracturing Material Optimization 4.1 Proppant Optimization 4.2 Fracturing Fluid and Surfactant Performance Evaluation 5 Field Practice 5.1 Zipper Fracturing 5.2 Mudstone Interlayer Breakthrough Fracturing Experiments 6 Conclusion References Research and Field Application of Quasi-Dry CO2 Fracturing Technology in Ji Dong Oilfield 1 Introduction 2 Quasi-Dry CO2 Fracturing Technology 2.1 Research on Performance of Quasi-Dry Fracturing Fluid 2.2 Quasi-dry CO2 Fracturing Construction Process 2.3 Advantages of Quasi-Dry CO2 Fracturing Technology 3 Field Practice of Quasi-Dry CO2 Fracturing 4 Conclusion References Scale Prediction and Field Application of ASP Flooding Production Well 1 Preface 2 Scaling Component 3 CaCO3 Saturation Index Equation 4 Field Application 4.1 The Scale Prediction Model of Saturation Index Method Established 4.2 Field Test 5 Conclusion References Research and Application of Volume Fracturing Technology for Low Permeability and Tight Reservoirs 1 Reservoir Property 2 Volume Fracturing Process Parameter Optimization 2.1 Fracturing Fluid Volume Optimization 2.2 Injection Rate Optimization 2.3 Sand to Liquid Ratio Optimization 2.4 Proppant Optimization 3 Optimization of Sand Adding Process in Slickwater 3.1 Velocity-Temperature-Concentration Coupling Chart 3.2 The Whole Process of Slickwater Continuous Sand Adding Technology 4 Conclusion References Online Mixing of Produced Water with Low Damage Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid System 1 Preface 2 Analysis and Solution of Difficulties in Preparing Fracturing Fluid with Produced Water 2.1 Characteristics of Produced Water 2.2 Technical Route of Produced Water Preparation of Fracturing Fluid 3 Produced Water and Clear Water Quality Test Analysis 4 Influence and Evaluation of Produced Water Composition on Fracturing Fluid Performance 4.1 Analysis of Influencing Factors of Fracturing Fluid Performance 4.2 Formula Design of Produced Water Fracturing Fluid 4.3 Production Water Fracturing Fluid Formula Performance Test 4.4 Application Effect Evaluation 5 Conclusion References Study on Aggregation Morphology and Resistance Reducing Properties of Drag Reducing Agents 1 Introduction to the Experiment 1.1 Materials and Instruments 1.2 Experimental Method 2 Results and Discussion 2.1 Determination of Critical Concentration of Aggregates 2.2 Drag Reducer Microstructure Characterization and Analysis 3 Conclusion References Analysis on Main Controlling Factors of Fracturing Effect of Fengxi Tight Oil 1 Geology of Fengxi Area 1.1 Comprehensive Geological Assessment 1.2 Geomechanical Overview 2 Fracturing and Production of N21-III-3 Formation in Fengxi 3 Comparative Analysis of Fracturing Parameters 4 Conclusion References Optimization of Viscosity Reduction Technology by Electric Heating for Petroleum Pipeline 1 Preface 2 Brief Introduction to the Principle of Electric Heating Petroleum Pipeline Technology 3 Establishment of Mathematical Models 4 Application Instance 4.1 Influence of Liquid Production and Water Content on Temperature Field 4.2 Optimization of Pipeline Heating Length 4.3 Power Optimization of Electric Heating for Pipeline 5 Conclusion References Study on Annular Pressure Buildup Occurring in the Production String in Dual Packer Completion Offshore Heavy Oil Wells 1 Introduction 2 Temperature Field Analysis 3 Mathematical Model of APB with Dual Packers 4 Case Analysis 4.1 Model Verification 4.2 Sensitivity Analysis 4.3 Strings and Packers Strength Check 4.4 N2 Injection to Prevent APB 5 Conclusions Appendix A: Analysis of Casing Displacement in Cement Section References Optimization and Application of Directional Well Beam Pumping Unit Model 1 Preface 2 Theoretical Formula for Optimization of Directional Well Lifting 2.1 Calculation of Polished Rod Load for Directional Wells 2.2 Calculation of Sucker Rod Strength 3 Directional Well Load Analysis 3.1 Analysis of Maximum and Minimum Loads for Directional Wwells 4 Directional Well Pumping Uunit Selection Chart 5 Application Situation 6 Conclusion References Optimization Design of Sucker Rods for Directional Wells with High Pour Point Crude Oil 1 Preface 2 Establishment of Mathematical Models 2.1 Calculation of Temperature Field in High Pour Point Crude Oil Cylinder 2.2 Calculation of Polished Rod Load for Directional Wells 2.3 Calculation of Sucker Rod Strength 3 Load Analysis of High Pour Point Crude Oil Directional Wells 3.1 Analysis of Viscous Force of High Pour Point Crude Oil on Sucker Rods 3.2 Analysis of Frictional Load in Directional Wells 3.3 Analysis of Maximum and Minimum Loads for Directional Wells with High Pour Point Crude Oil 4 Combinatorial Optimization of Rod String in Directional Wells 5 Conclusion References Study on Optimization of Structural Parameters of Downhole De-oiling Equipment of Hydrocyclones in the Single-Well Injection-Production System 1 Introduction 1.1 A Subsection Sample 2 Structural Design 3 Numerical Simulation Method 3.1 Model Meshing 3.2 Boundary Conditions 3.3 Mathematical Model 3.4 Optimal Design of Response Surface 3.5 Experimental Verification of the Design 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Analysis of Simulation Results 4.2 Analysis of Variance and Verification of Model Accuracy 4.3 Model Analysis Before and After Optimization 5 Conclusion References Development and Application of Real-Time Monitoring System for Fracturing and Acidizing Flowback Fluid 1 Introduction 2 Screening of Detection Parameters of Fracturing and Acidizing Flowback Fluid 2.1 Feasibility Evaluation of Online Monitoring of pH Value 2.2 Feasibility Evaluation of Online Monitoring of Total Salinity 2.3 Feasibility Evaluation of Online Monitoring of Total Acidity 2.4 Feasibility Evaluation of Online Monitoring of Surface Tension 3 Configuration Scheme of Real-Time Monitoring System for Fracturing and Acidizing Flowback Fluid 3.1 Hardware Composition of Real-Time Monitoring System for Fracturing and Acidizing Flowback Fluid 3.2 Specific Operating Steps of the Real-Time Monitoring System for Fracturing and Acidizing Flowback Fluid 4 Field Application 5 Conclusion References Innovation and Application of Intelligent Injection & Production and Remote Monitoring Technology in Offshore Oilfields 1 Cable-Control Intelligent Injection and Production Technology 1.1 Technical Composition and Principle 1.2 Key Tools 1.3 Ground Control System 2 Remote Monitoring Technology 2.1 Technical Composition and Principle 2.2 Key Equipment 2.3 Remote Monitoring System 3 Field Application 4 Conclusion References Research and Application of Gas Well Condition Diagnosis and Remote Measurement and Control Technology 1 Introduction 2 Introduction of Gas Well Condition Diagnosis and Remote Measurement and Control Technology 3 Research on Condition Diagnosis Algorithm 3.1 Establishment and Application of Algorithm Model 3.2 Algorithm Result Verification 4 Research on Remote Measurement and Control Technology 4.1 Establishment and Application of Intelligent Parameter Algorithm Model 4.2 Remote Measurement and Control Laboratory Experiment 5 Field Test and Application Effect 6 Conclusion and Understanding References Research and Evaluation of Variable Speed Optimization Operation Technologies for Pumping Unit in Y Oilfield 1 Introduction 2 Models of Variable Speed Operation 2.1 Balanced Power Operation 2.2 Continuous Operation and Swing Operation for Crank 2.3 Segmented Speed Regulating Operation 3 Test Plan 3.1 Test Devices 3.2 Test Content 4 Analysis and Estimation of Field Test 4.1 Balanced Power Operation 4.2 Crank Swing Operation 4.3 Segmented Speed Regulating Operation 5 Conclusion References Algorithm for Fault Diagnosis in the Electric Submersible PCP System, A Case Study 1 Introduction 2 Electric Submersible PCP 3 Algorithm for Fault Diagnosis 3.1 Field Test 4 Conclusions References Research and Experiment on Lifting Technology of a Diaphragm Submersible Reciprocating Pump 1 Introduction 1.1 Process Structure Design 1.2 Operation Principle Research 1.3 Control System Development 1.4 Technical Features 2 Research on Harmonic Control Technology 3 Field Test 4 Technology Development Trends 4.1 Study on Downhole Working Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis Method of Diaphragm Type Submersible Reciprocating Pump 4.2 Research on New Low-Cost Wax Removal Technology 4.3 Research on Intelligent Cable Laying Composite Coiled Tubing Technology 5 Conclusion References Intelligent Operation Control System of Pumping Unit for Supply and Production Balance of Production Well 1 Introduction 2 Technical Ideas 3 System Composition 3.1 Parameter Sampling Frequency 3.2 Accuracy and Stability of Data Transfer 3.3 Electrical Parameters According to Analysis, Judge Module - Touch Screen 3.4 Control Module – PLC Controller 3.5 Execution Module – Frequency Converter 4 System Function 4.1 Automatic Intelligent Adjustment of Parameters 4.2 Non-stop Intelligent Pumping 5 Laboratory Experiment 6 Field Test 7 Conclusion References Development and Application of a Detection System for Submersible Permanent Magnet Linear Motor 1 Introduction 2 Basic Principle and Composition 3 Design of Sensor Acquisition and Analysis System 3.1 Design of Vibration Sensors 3.2 Stretch-Pressure Sensor 3.3 Displacement Sensors 4 Design of Simulated Loading System 4.1 Design of Loading Cylinder for Loading System 4.2 Design of Pressure Regulation System for Simulated Loading System 5 System Test 6 Conclusion References Electric Submersible Progressive Cavity Pump Combined with Intelligent Composite Coiled Tubing, An Efficient Artificial Lift System for Platform Wells 1 Introduction 2 Structure Design of Composite Coiled Tubing Body 3 Design of Composite Coiled Tubing Connector 4 Rodless Lifting Process 5 Field Test 6 Conclusion References Current Status and Prospects of Oil Production Engineering Technology for CO2 Flooding in Y Oilfield 1 Introduction 2 Overview of CO2 Flooding Test Area 3 Oil Production Engineering Technology for CO2 Flooding in Y Oilfield 3.1 Layered Injection Technology 3.2 Gas Breakthrough Well Treatment Technology 3.3 Wellbore Deplugging Technology 3.4 Coiled Tubing Deplugging 4 Problems and Research Directions 4.1 Gas Breakthrough Well Treatment Technology 4.2 Wellbore Plugging Removal Technology 4.3 Corrosion Protection Technology 5 Conclusion References Research and Application of Liquid Carbon Dioxide Composite Fracturing in W Oilfield 1 Introduction 2 Mechanism of Liquid Carbon Dioxide Composite Fracturing Stimulation 2.1 Liquid Carbon Dioxide 2.2 Supercritical Carbon Dioxide 3 Optimization of Liquid Carbon Dioxide Composite Fracturing Design 3.1 Optimization of Fracturing Fluid System 3.2 Optimization of Construction Displacement 3.3 Optimization of Fracturing Proppant 3.4 Optimization of Construction Scale 3.5 Optimization of Pump Injection Method 3.6 Optimization of Fracturing Manifold 3.7 Optimization of Soaking and Flowback Design 4 On-Site Application of Liquid Carbon Dioxide Composite Fracturing 5 Application Effect of Liquid Carbon Dioxide Composite Fracturing 5.1 Phase Change 5.2 Swept Volume 5.3 Fracture Stimulation Effect 6 Conclusion References Experimental Study on Enhanced Pre-CO2 Assisted Flowback of Fracturing Fluid in Tight Reservoirs 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Section 2.1 Experimental Materials and Apparatus 2.2 Experimental Materials and Apparatus 2.3 Experimental Procedures 3 Experimental Results and Analysis 3.1 Influence of Pre-injection CO2 Pressure on Flowback Rate 3.2 Displacement Rules of Fracturing Fluid in Porous Media with Different Pore sizes 3.3 Analysis of the Mechanism of CO2-Assisted Flowback of Fracturing Fluid 4 Experimental Results and Analysis References Research and Application of the CO2 Dry Fracturing Technology 1 Preface 2 Technical Characteristics of CO2 Dry Fracturing Technology 2.1 High Rock-Breaking Ability for Areas in a Moderate Distance or Far from Wellbores 2.2 Complex Fracture Morphology 2.3 Tendency to Generate Complex Shear Fractures 2.4 Mix Phase, Expansion, Viscosity Reduction 2.5 Energy Storage and Production Increase 2.6 Low-Damage Production Increase 3 Technical Advantages of CO2 dry Fracturing Technology 4 Effectiveness of CO2 dry Fracturing Technology Applied Abroad 4.1 Tight Oil Wells Abroad 4.2 Tight Gas Wells Abroad 5 Effectiveness of CO2 Dry Fracturing Technology Applied in China 5.1 Application of CO2 Dry Fracturing in Jilin Oilfield 5.2 Application of CO2 Dry Fracturing in Changqing Oilfield 6 Problems in CO2 dry fracturing process 6.1 High Friction Drag, Poor Sand Suspension and High Filtration Loss of Liquid CO2 6.2 Difficulty in Predicting CO2 Phase Change During Fracturing 6.3 Defective Key Fracturing Equipment 6.4 CO2 Fracturing Construction Parameters Design to Be Further Studied 7 Conclusion References Research on Adaptability of Downhole Two-Stage Series Hydrocyclone Separation Technology 1 Introduce 2 Simplified Model 3 Numerical Simulation 3.1 Split Ratio 3.2 Capacity 3.3 Water Content 4 Laboratory Test 4.1 Split Ratio 4.2 Capacity 5 Conclusion References Experimental Study on Spiral Cutting and Winding and Taking Out Method of Surface Casing in Oil and Water Wells 1 Foreword 2 Process Demonstration 3 Cutting Process Optimization 3.1 Optimization of Cutting Process 3.2 Plasma Cutting Machine Optimization 4 Parameter Argument 5 Key Tool Design 5.1 Cutting Tools in Tubes 5.2 Test Bench 5.3 Preparation of Surface Casing Sample 5.4 Pipe Expanding and Coupling Tools 6 Laboratory Test 6.1 Casing Cutting Test 6.2 Surface Casing Connection and Winding Out Test 7 Test Conclusions References Development and Application of Electric Actuated Downhole Intelligent Switching Tool 1 Introduction 2 Design of Electric-Driven Downhole Intelligent Switch 2.1 Overall Scheme Design 2.2 Design of Collective Structure 2.3 Technical Characteristics of Downhole Intelligent Switchgear 3 Performance Test Research 3.1 High Temperature and High Pressure Tightness Test. 3.2 Communication Control Reliability Test 4 Field Test 5 Conclusion References Stress Analysis of Hollow Sucker Rod Screw Thread Jiont and Shape Optimization of Screw Thread 1 Stress Distribution of the Hollow Sucker Rod Thread Joint 1.1 Finite Element Model 1.2 Finite Element Analysis 1.3 Analysis of the Results 2 Structural Optimization Design of Hollow Rod Thread Joint 2.1 To Establish the Shape Change 2.2 Definition of Optimization Problems 2.3 Optimize the Results of Analysis 3 Conclusion References Horizontal Well Volumetric Fracturing Technology Integrating Fracturing-Energy Enhancement for Tight Oil in Daqing Oilfield 1 Preface 2 Imbibition Mechanism of Oil-Water Displacement for Fracturing Energy Enhancement 2.1 Pumping Fluid to Improve Reservoir Conditions 2.2 Closing Well Facilitates Oil-Water Displacement 2.3 Wettability Reversal is Achieved During Flowback 3 Key Technology of Volumetric Fracturing with Integrated Energy Enhancement 3.1 Pumping Fluid to Improve Reservoir Conditions 3.2 Fracturing Parameter Optimization 3.3 Optimization of Surfactant for Energy Enhancement 3.4 Optimization of Well Shut-Off Time 4 Field Test Effect 5 Conclusion References Numerical Modeling of Particle Bridging in a T-Shaped Fracture with the Resolved CFD–DEM Coupling 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 CFD 2.2 DEM 2.3 CFD‒DEM Coupling 3 Model Validation 4 Simulation Setup 4.1 Model Geometry 4.2 Modeling Parameters and Boundary Conditions 4.3 Grid Independence 5 Results 5.1 Threshold and Critical Particle Concentration 5.2 The Effect of Fracture Geometry 5.3 The Effect of Friction Coefficient 6 Conclusions References Experimental Study on Hydraulic Fracture Propagation Mechanism of Water Injection Propagation in Super Deep Fracture-Cavity Carbonate Reservoir 1 Introduction 2 Experiment Method and Preparation 2.1 Experimental Equipment and Scheme 2.2 Experimental Process 3 Experimental Results and Analysis 3.1 Analysis of Typical Pressure Curve 3.2 Analysis of Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Hydraulic Fractures in Carbonate Rocks 4 Conclusion References Numerical Simulation Optimization Research on Fracture Propagation of Multi-Cluster Fracturing in Tight-Oil Horizontal Wells 1 Introduction 2 Multi-cluster Fracture Propagation Model 2.1 Multi-cluster Traffic Dynamic Distribution Model 2.2 Model of Induced Stress Field Between Multiple Clusters 2.3 Model of Induced Stress Field Between Multiple Clusters 3 Numerical Simulation Results 3.1 Effects of Proppant Concentration on Fracture Propagation in Multiple Clusters 3.2 Influence of Construction Displacement on Multi-Cluster Fracture Propagation 3.3 Effect of Number of Perforations Per Cluster on Fracture Propagation of Multiple Clusters 3.4 Effect of Perforating Aperture on Fracture Propagation of Multiple Clusters 4 Conclusions References Research on Influencing Factors of Fracture Propagation in Basement Rock Fractured Reservoir 1 Preface 2 Experimental Content 3 Experimental Results 3.1 Influence of Geological Factors 3.2 Influence of Engineering Factors 4 Conclusion References Application of Rodless Oil Production Technology with Coiled Tubing Electric Submersible Pump in Jiyuan Oilfield 1 Introduction 2 Rodless Production Process 2.1 Technical Feature 2.2 Major Equipment 3 Application Evaluation 3.1 Basic Overview 3.2 Application Effect 4 Conclusion and Understanding References Research and Application of Non-flowback Clean Fracturing Fluid in Changqing Ultra-Low Permeability Oilfield 1 Forward 2 Preparation of Fracturing Fluid 3 Experimental Part 3.1 Materials and Instruments 3.2 Experimental Methods 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Thickening Performance 4.2 Temperature Shear Resistance 4.3 Suspension Performance 4.4 Filtration Performance 4.5 Analysis of Gel-Breaking Performance and Residue 4.6 Penetration Damage Test 4.7 Compatibility and Oil Emulsification 5 Field Test 6 Conclusions References Study on Screening and Performance Evaluation Technology of Salt-Tolerant Foaming Agent 1 Introduction 2 Experiment and Research Plan 2.1 Raw Materials and Equipment 2.2 Experimental Methods 3 Screening and Evaluation of Foaming Agents 3.1 Screening of Salt Resistant Foaming Agents 3.2 Evaluation of Foaming and Liquid Carrying Capacity 3.3 Half-Life of Liquid Precipitation 3.4 Comprehensive Performance 3.5 Evaluation of Foaming Surface Activity 4 Conclusion References Preparation and Performance of a Demulsifier Based on Nanocrystalline Cellulose 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Method 2.1 Materials 2.2 Preparation 2.3 Measurements 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Structural Characterization 3.2 Demulsification Performance 3.3 Application 4 Conclusion References Research and Application of Nano-flooding Synergistic Fracturing Technology in Tight Conglomerate Reservoir Horizontal Wells in Mahu 1 Introduction 2 Effect of Old Well Replenishing Formation Energy on the Reconstruction of the Ground Stress Field 2.1 Regional Ground Stress Field Simulation 2.2 Simulation of the Reconstruction of the Stress Field by Water Injection to Supply Formation Energy 3 Optimization of Nano Oil Displacement Agents 3.1 Particle Size Distribution 3.2 Reduce Oil-Water Interfacial Tension 3.3 Static Imbibing Displacement Experiment 4 Nano-flooding Synergistic Fracturing Field Practice 4.1 The Old Wells Nano-flooding to Supply Energy 4.2 Fracturing Process and Parameters of Infill Wells 4.3 Fracturing Disturbance Situation 4.4 Nano-flooding Synergistic Fracturing Production Effect 5 Conclusion References Fracability Evaluation of Ganchaigou Shale Oil Reservoir in Yingxiongling 1 Introduction 2 Evaluation Method of Matrix Brittleness and Its Impact on Compressibility 3 The Effect of Horizontal Principal Stress Difference on Compressibility 4 The Effect of Crack Density on Compressibility 5 Proposal of Comprehensive Compressibility Index 6 Application Examples 7 Conclusion References Research and Application of Fracturing Technology in the Lateral Drilling to Horizontal Well of the Ultra-short Radius 1 Introduction 2 The Lateral Drilling Horizontal Well of the Ultra-short Radius 3 Horizontal Well Fracturing Technology of the Ultra-short Radius Lateral Drilling 3.1 Fracturing String 3.2 Fracturing Process Design Method 3.3 Proper Scale Fracturing 3.4 Large Scale Fracturing 3.5 Analysis of Key Factors Affecting Lateral Drilling Fracturing Effect 4 Localization Multistage Fracturing Technology of Short Radius Lateral Drilling to Horizontal Well 5 Application Effect 6 Conclusion References Optimization of Fracture Spacing in Horizontal Well of Intermediate-Basic Volcanic Gas Reservoir 1 Introduction 2 Analysis of the Influence of Fracture Spacing on the Seepage Zone 3 Optimization of Fracture Spacing in Intermediate-Basic Volcanic Rock Reservoirs 3.1 Maximum Capacity Optimization Method 3.2 Z-Value Optimization Method 3.3 Optimization of Effective Seepage Zone 3.4 Comparative Analysis 4 Conclusion References Experimental Study on Proppant Embedment Conductivity in Daqing Shale Reservoir 1 Preface 2 Proppant Embeddedness and Conductivity Test 2.1 Experimental Principle 2.2 Experimental Scheme and Process 3 Experimental Results and Analysis 3.1 The Degree of Proppant Embedment Under Different Stresses 3.2 Study on the Influence of Different Proppant Embedment on the Conductivity 3.3 Experimental Results of Combined Particle Size Conductivitys 4 Conclusion References Formulation of Oil Displacement and Viscosity Reduction System for Tight Oil Reservoir 1 Introduction 2 Study on Formula of Oil Displacement and Viscosity Reduction System in Tight Oil Reservoir 2.1 Screening of Oil Displacement System 2.2 Screening of Viscosity-Reducing System Synthesis of Viscosity Reducing Agent 3 Performance Evaluation of Oil Displacement Viscosity Reduction System 3.1 Table Interfacial Tension Evaluation 3.2 Evaluation of Wettability 3.3 Evaluation of Oil Displacement Effect 3.4 Viscosity Reduction Effect Evaluation 4 Evaluation of Compatibility of Oil Displacement and Viscosity Reduction System with Fracturing Fluid and Reservoir 4.1 Compatibility Evaluation of Oil Displacement Viscosity Reduction System and Different Fracturing Fluids 5 Conclusion References Research on Drag Type Multi-stage Fracturing Technology for Casing Damaged Wells 1 Introduction 2 Technological Difficulties 3 Development of Small Diameter Key Tools 3.1 Development of Small Diameter Packer 3.2 Development of Small Diameter Pressure Transmitting Sand Jet with Wear & Corrosion Resistance 3.3 Development of Small Diameter Tubing BOP 4 Field Application 5 Conclusion References Optimization and Practice of Acidizing in K Oilfield, Kazakhstan 1 Foreword 2 Statistical Analysis of Reservoir Reconstruction Process in K Oilfield 3 Design and Practice of Acidizing Process in K Oilfield 3.1 Operation Situation and Effect Analysis of New Well Acidizing Production 3.2 The Situation and Effect Analysis of Acidizing Stimulation in Old Wells 4 Conclusion References Research and Application of Sweet Spot Evaluation Technology for Shale Oil Reservoir Engineering in Qaidam Basin 1 The Introduction 2 Key Technologies 2.1 Lithic Mineral Analysis Technology 2.2 Fracability Analysis Technology 3 Application Situation 4 Conclusion References Study on Influencing Factors of Stimulated Volume in Tight Reservoirs 1 Introduction 2 Computation Model of Stimulated Reservoir Volume 2.1 Model Assumptions 2.2 Mathematical Model 3 Analysis of Influencing Factors 3.1 Numerical Model 3.2 Length of Fracture Net 3.3 Spacing of Fracture 3.4 Conductivity 4 Conclusion References Application of Fracturing and Completion Technology in Sichuan-Chongqing Continental Tight Sandstone Reservoir 1 Introduction 2 Overview of the Gas Field 3 Design of Core Tools for Fracturing and Completion Technology 3.1 Structural Design of Y344 Self Releasing Pressure Sandblasting Packer 3.2 High Temperature and High Pressure Sealing Performance Testing of Rubber Cylinder 3.3 Operation Principle and Sealing Performance Testing of Packers 4 Application of Fracturing Completion Technology in Hechuan Gas Field 4.1 The Application of High Pressure and High Displacement Multilayer Fracturing String in Vertical Wells in the Xujiahe Formation 4.2 High Pressure and Large Displacement Multi Layer Fracturing Gas Lift String of Vertical Well is Applied to Shaximiao Formation 5 Conclusion References Research and Application of Anti Eccentric Wear Technology of Rod and Tubing in Oil Production of PCP 1 Introduction 2 Study on Rod Tubing Eccentric Wear Mechanism of PCP 2.1 Analysis of Rod-Tube