Proceedings of the ICR’22 International Conference on Innovations in Computing Research (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 1431)

This book, Proceedings of the ICR ́22 International Conference on Innovations in Computing Research, provides an essential compilation of relevant and cutting-edge academic and industry work on key computer and network security, smart cities, smart energy, IoT, health informatics, biomedical imaging, data science and computer science and engineering education topics. It offers an excellent professional development resource for educators and practitioners on the state-of-the-art in these areas and contributes towards the enhancement of the community outreach and engagement component of the above-mentioned areas. Various techniques, methods, and approaches adopted by experts in these fields are introduced. This book provides detailed explanation of the concepts that are pertinently reinforced by practical examples, and a road map of future trends that are suitable for innovative computing research. It is written by professors, researchers, and industry professionals with long experience in these fields to furnish a rich collection of manuscripts in highly regarded topics that have not been creatively compiled together before. This book can be a valuable resource to university faculty, students to enhance their research work and as a supplement to their courses in these fields, researchers, and industry professionals. Furthermore, it is a valuable tool to experts in these areas to contribute towards their professional development efforts. Preface Organization ICR 2022 The 1st International Conference on Innovations in Computing Research (ICR’22) Athens, Greece August 29–31, 2022 Advisory Committee Organization Committee Conference Chair Program Chairs Posters Chairs Sessions/Workshops Chairs Publicity Chairs Web Chair Program Committee Smart Cities and Smart Energy Internet of Things Health Informatics and Biomedical Imaging Computer Science and Computer Engineering Education Computer and Network Security Data Science Contents Health Informatics and Biomedical Imaging Detection of Unconsciousness in Falls Using Thermal Vision Sensors 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Methodology 3.1 IoT Device 3.2 Neural Network Architecture 3.3 Unconsciousness Detection 3.4 Alert System 4 Experimental Results 4.1 Dataset and Training Configuration 4.2 Results 5 Conclusions and Future Works References Work Disability Risk Prediction Using Machine Learning, Comparison of Two Methods 1 Introduction 2 MHealth: Work Disability Prediction with Occupational Health Care Data 3 MPension: Work Disability Prediction with Pension Decision Register 4 Comparison of Data Sources in MHealth and MPension 5 Comparison of Results of MHealth and MPension 6 Discussion 7 Conclusions References Breast Tumor Segmentation in Ultrasound Images Based on U-NET Model 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Data Acquisition 2.2 U-Net Topology 2.3 Training Procedure 2.4 Evaluation 3 Results 4 Conclusions References Heart Attack Classification System Using Neural Network Trained with Particle Swarm Optimization 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 3.1 Dataset 3.2 Neural Network Trained with Particle Swarm Optimization 4 Results and Discussions 5 Conclusion References Electroencephalography Image Classification Using Convolutional Neural Networks 1 Introduction 2 Literature 3 Related Work 3.1 Entropy in EEG 3.2 CNN’s and EEG 3.3 EEG Signals to EEG Images 4 Experimental Setup 5 Network Setup 5.1 Parametric ReLU (pReLU) 6 Results 7 Conclusion References BeCaked+: An Explainable AI Model to Forecast Delta-Spreading Covid-19 Situations for Ho Chi Minh City 1 Introduction 2 Background Compartmental Models in Epidemiology 3 Related Works 4 The BeCaked+ Model 4.1 The Overview of BeCaked+ 4.2 BeCaked+ Compartmental Model 4.3 Encoder 4.4 Decoder 4.5 Parameter Estimation 5 Empirical Evaluation 5.1 Dataset, Metrics, and Setting 5.2 Baseline Models 5.3 Quantitative Results 5.4 Model Analysis 6 Conclusion References SpringNet: A Novel Deep Neural Network Architecture for Histopathological Image Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 Lizard Dataset 3 Our Solution 3.1 Data Pre-processing 3.2 Segmentation 3.3 SpringNet: Proposed Novel Model for Nucleus Classification 3.4 Results 4 Conclusions References Automated Tracking and Navigation of Spine Surgery with the Aid of Augmented and Virtual Reality: A Review and Taxonomy 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 System Components 3.1 Data Acquisitions and Registration 3.2 Instrument Tracking and Surgical Navigation 3.3 Navigation Feedback 4 System Classification and Evaluation 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion References GPS Navigated Drones to Deliver Emergency Medical Aid Post Catastrophic Event 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Navigation for Drones in Urban Area 2.2 Delivery of Emergency Medical Aid 2.3 Persistent UAV Delivery Logistics: Delivery Scheduling and Routing 3 Proposed Taxonomy 4 System Classification 5 System Components Validation and Evaluation 6 Results and Discussion 6.1 Data: Prior Knowledge Data and Real-Time Positional Data 6.2 Drone Routing: Vision-Based Routing 6.3 Delivery of Goods 7 Conclusion References Nanotechnology Based Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer Treatment 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Proposed Taxonomy Components 4 System Classification and Evaluation 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion and Future Work References Artificial Intelligence-Based Image Classification Techniques for Clinician Diagnosis of Skin Cancer 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 System Components and Proposed Model 4 Evaluation of the Components 5 Discussion 5.1 Lesion Images 5.2 Segmentation 5.3 Classification of Lesions 5.4 Diagnosis 6 Conclusion References DTR Taxonomy on 3D Computer Aided Simulation of Image Processing Expansion in Facial Maxillary Surgery: An Extensive Review 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 System Components 4 System Classification and Evaluation 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion and Future Work References A Survey on Deep Learning Architectures in Human Activities Recognition Application in Sports Science, Healthcare, and Security 1 Introduction 2 HAR in Sports Science 3 HAR in Healthcare 4 HAR in Security 5 Conclusions References Review of Performance Analysis Technique of High-Resolution Imaging in Mobile Telemedicine System 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Findings 4 Conclusion and Future Direction References Data Science A Case for Exploration: Exploratory Data Analysis in Neural Networks for Renal Tumor Classification 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Setup 2.1 Network 2.2 Dataset and Partitioning 3 Results 3.1 EDA Processes 3.2 Improved Network Reduction 3.3 Improved Results 4 Conclusion References Drug Protein Interaction Extraction Using SciBERT Based Deep Learning Model 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 Deep Learning Techniques 2.2 Ensemble Technique 2.3 Attention Networks 2.4 BERT-Based Models 3 Methodology 3.1 ChemProt Dataset 3.2 DrugProt Dataset 3.3 Pre-processing 3.4 Training the Model 3.5 SciBERT Base Model Architecture 3.6 SciBERT Fine-Tuned Model 4 Experiments 4.1 Training Setting for SciBERT Base Model 4.2 Training Setting for SciBERT Fine-Tuned Model 4.3 Training Setting for SciBERT Fine-Tuned Model with Extra Fully Connected Layers 4.4 Results 5 Conclusion and Future Work References Chemical-Gene Relation Extraction with Graph Neural Networks and BERT Encoder 1 Introduction 2 Task Definition 3 Model Architecture 3.1 Word Embedding 3.2 Graph Attention Networks 3.3 Relation Extraction and Tagging 4 Experiment 4.1 Dataset 4.2 Evaluation Metrics and Hyperparameters 4.3 Baselines 4.4 Result 5 Discussion 5.1 Chemical-Gene Overlapping 5.2 Different Numbers of Triples per Sequence 5.3 More Relation Classes 6 Conclusion and Feature Work References Building Classes for Sentiment of Social Media Content Using WU Semantic Measure 1 Introduction 2 Background Information and Related Work 2.1 Ontology and Semantic Measure 2.2 Ontology and Semantic Measure 2.3 Social Media Sentiment Classification 3 Experiment (Building the Classes) 3.1 Dataset Collection 3.2 Concept Extraction 3.3 Stopping Words Removal 3.4 Apply Semantic Measure 3.5 Build the Classes 3.6 Rename the Classes 4 Discussion of Findings 5 Conclusion References Using the Strings Metadata to Detect the Source Language of the Binary 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Source Language Classification Model 3.1 Gathering Binary Executables 3.2 Extract Meta-data Information 3.3 Machine-Learning Based Classification 4 Experimental Results 5 Related Works 6 Conclusions and Future Work References Expanding Queries with Maximum Likelihood Estimators and Language Models 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Problem Definition 4 Methodology 5 Experimental Results 6 Conclusions and Future Work References Grouping Test Results with the Common Root Cause Using String Similarity Algorithms 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Concept 4 Implementation 4.1 Data Description 4.2 Test Log Prepossessing 4.3 String Similarity Algorithms 5 Results 5.1 Data Set 1 Results 5.2 Data Set 2 Results 6 Discussion 7 Conclusion References Download Speed Optimization in P2P Networks Using Decision Making and Adaptive Learning 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Methodology 3.1 Employed Algorithms 3.2 Implementation 4 Experimental Results 4.1 Evaluation 5 Discussion 6 Conclusions and Future Work References Systematic Review for Selecting Methods of Document Clustering on Semantic Similarity of Online Laboratories Repository 1 Introduction 2 Principles of Document Clustering 3 Related Work 4 Results and Discussion 5 Proposed Work 6 Conclusion References Hate Speech Detection in Social Media for the Kurdish Language 1 Introduction 2 Motivation and Related Work 3 Experimental Framework 3.1 Data Collection 3.2 Data Description and Labelling 3.3 Data Preprocessing 3.4 Classification 4 Conclusion and Future Work References Deep Learning Algorithm for Predicting Drug Synergy Against Cancer: Data, Drug Feature Extraction, Prediction and View (DDPV) Taxonomy 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Proposed DDPV Taxonomy 3.1 Description of Each Component 3.2 Classification and Validation of the Components 3.3 Model Verification 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Average Power Based EEG Channel Selection Method for Emotion Recognition 1 Introduction 2 Background of the Study 3 Materials and Methodology 3.1 Database Description 3.2 Methodologies 3.3 Dataset Preprocessing 3.4 Channel Selection 3.5 Feature Extraction 3.6 Classification 4 Results Analysis 5 Conclusion References Deep Learning Algorithm Based Support Vector Machines 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Method 3.1 Convolutional Neural Network Combined with Support Vector Machine 4 Experimental Setup 4.1 Experimental Results on MNIST Dataset 4.2 Experimental Results on CIFAR-10 Dataset 4.3 Experimental Results on Compass X-ray Dataset 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion References Computer and Network Security Blockchain Potentials in the Maritime Sector: A Survey 1 Introduction 1.1 Toward Maritime Digitization 2 How Can Blockchain Improve Performance in the Maritime Sector 2.1 Build a Scalable Global Maritime Decentralised Communication System 2.2 Increase the Overall Operational Efficiency 2.3 Adjoin Supplementary Security Privileges 2.4 Prevent and Potentially Decrease Pollution 2.5 Fight Fraud and Prevent Corruption 2.6 Eliminate Unnecessary Intermediaries 2.7 Minimize Costs and Delays 3 Conclusion References Decentralized Blockchain Based IoT System to Enhance Security in Smart Homes 1 Introduction 1.1 Problem Statement 1.2 Research Objective 1.3 Research Outline 2 Literature Review 3 Architecture of the Proposed Model 3.1 Existing Works 3.2 Building Blocks 3.3 Process for Verifying Transactions 3.4 Ensuring Security on Incoming Requests 3.5 Checking Connectivity 3.6 User Authentication 4 Experimental Progress 4.1 Experimental Implementation of the Model 4.2 Experimental Testing of the Model 5 Analysis and Results 5.1 Performance 5.2 Storage Handling 5.3 Cost-Benefit Analysis 6 Conclusion and Future Works References Towards an Error-Detecting Code 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Preliminaries 3 The Number of Errors that the Quasigroups from the Second Best Class Surely Detect 3.1 The Simulation Procedure 3.2 The Results for the Number of Surely Detected Errors 4 Comparison of the Results for the Quasigroups from the Best and the Second Best Class 5 Conclusion References Classification of Encrypted Data Using Deep Learning and Legendre Polynomials 1 Introduction 2 Proposed System 2.1 Datasets 2.2 Network Architecture 2.3 Finding Practical Polynomial Activation Functions 2.4 Accuracy in Plaintext Using Different Activation Functions 2.5 Accuracy in Ciphertext Using Approximation Activation Functions 2.6 Evaluation of CNN 3 Conclusions References Real-Time Detection of TOR Attacks from the Dark Web 1 Introduction 2 Background 2.1 Attacks on TOR 2.2 The Dark Web Activities Detection Methods 3 Predictive Analysis and Real-Time Detection Model (PARTD) 4 Conclusion References Bitcoin as a New Payment Platform 1 Introduction 2 Discussion 2.1 Social Risks 2.2 Ethical Risks 2.3 Financial Risks 2.4 A Bright Future 2.5 Advantages and Disadvantages 3 Conclusion References A Conceptual Model for Data-Driven Threat Analysis for Enhancing Cyber Security 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Background – Data-Driven Threat Model 3.1 Data Levels 4 Data-Driven Threat Model (d-TM) 4.1 Conceptual View 5 Running Example 5.1 Industrial Context 5.2 Result 6 Conclusion References Survey on Fake Accounts Detection Algorithms on Online Social Networks 1 Introduction 2 Social Media Platforms 3 Evaluation Metrics 4 Machine Learning Algorithms 5 Conclusion References Internet of Things Sensor Networks with Edge Intelligence for Reliable Air Quality Monitoring in the Covid-19 Era 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 System 4 Middleware 5 Device Development 5.1 The DP Sensing Device 5.2 The AQG Sensing Device 5.3 Testing 6 Results 6.1 Municipality Office Space 7 Conclusions References Information Quality Management for the Medical Wearable Devices: Validation Study 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Expert Opinion Mythology 3 Background and Related Work 3.1 The Developed Framework 4 IQ Assessment for Medical Wearables 4.1 Defining and Prioritizing the Data Quality Dimensions for Health System 4.2 Determining the IoT Elements of Wearable Devices and Identifying Their Technical Sub-elements 5 IQ Awareness for Medical Wearables 5.1 Relating Data Quality Dimensions to IoT Sub-elements of Medical Wearables 5.2 Defining the Interrelationships Between the Technical Requirements 6 IQ Action for Medical Wearables 6.1 Building the Quality Improvement Plan 6.2 Building the Technical Improvement Plan 7 Results and Conclusion References RFID Based Remote Monitoring Techniques for IoT Smart Parking System 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 System Components 4 System Verification 5 System Discussion 6 Conclusion References DOA Based Identification for Devices and Applications of IoT in Heterogeneous Networks 1 Introduction 2 Digital Object Architecture 3 Laboratory Stand for Full-Scale Experiment 4 Identifying IoT Devices in Heterogeneous Networks Based on DOA 5 Structure of a Typical IoT Device and the Resolution Process Based on DOA 6 Access to IoT Devices with Identity Support Based on DOA 7 Conclusion References Smart City and Smart Energy A Blockchain Based Methodology for Power Grid Control Systems 1 Introduction 2 Current Power Grid Control Architecture 2.1 Definition 2.2 Architecture 2.3 Effects of Centralization on Power Grid Control Systems 3 Blockchain 3.1 Structure and Categories 3.2 Blockchain Structure 3.3 Blockchain Types 4 Blockchain-Based Solution 4.1 New System Architecture 4.2 Methodology 4.3 Data Structure 5 Related Works and Conclusion References Data Visualization Tool for Smart Buildings HVAC Systems 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Smart Room Concept 3.1 System Functions 3.2 Smart HVAC Control 4 Dataset and Data Visualization Tool 4.1 Dataset 4.2 Framework Technologies 4.3 Tool Categorization 4.4 Visualization Dashboards 5 Conclusion References Solar Car Parking for Maximum Power Utilization at the United Arab Emirates University: Case Study 1 Introduction 2 Review of Literature 3 Methodology 3.1 Car Parking Structure 4 Results 5 Conclusion References Learning and Education Learner Performance-Based Behavior Optimization Algorithm: A Functional Case Study 1 Introduction 2 Learner Performance-Based Behavior Algorithm 3 A Case Study 4 Conclusion References Hybrid Model for Predicting Educational Use of Mobile Cloud Computing Services in Higher Education 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Key Factors in the Adoption of Technology 2.2 Prediction Theories, Frameworks 2.3 Modelling Adoption Intention 2.4 Continue Intention of Technology 3 Proposed MMC Taxonomy 3.1 Hybrid Model Prediction 3.2 Technology Adoption and Continued Intention of Technology Use in Education 4 System Classification 5 System Components Validation and Evaluation 6 Discussion 7 Conclusion References Data Analytics on eXtended Reality (XR) for Pedagogy Education: Educators’ Awareness for the Future of Education in Smart Cities 1 Introduction to XRforPED EU Project 2 Participants’ Profile 3 Discussion 4 Conclusions References Author Index