Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Cyclodextrins : Budapest, Hungary, 30 September–2 October, 1981

Front Matter....Pages I-XIII Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Cyclodextrin — A Paradigmatic Model....Pages 3-14 Cyclodextrin Research in Japan....Pages 15-24 Industrial Production of Cyclodextrins....Pages 25-39 Process Development for the Production of α-Cyclodextrin....Pages 41-49 The Preparation and Some Properties of Glucosyl-Cyclodextrins....Pages 51-60 Separation of Cyclodextrins with Gelchromatography and HPLC....Pages 61-68 Rapid and Simple Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Micro-Amounts of Cyclodextrins....Pages 69-74 Front Matter....Pages 75-75 Enzymology of the Cyclodextrins....Pages 77-87 A Photometric Test for the Cyclisation Activity of Cyclodextrin-Glycosyltransferases....Pages 89-94 Action of CGT on Beta Limit Dextrin of Amylopectin....Pages 95-100 Absorption and Metabolism of β-Cyclodextrin by Rats....Pages 101-108 Toxicity Studies of Beta-Cyclodextrin....Pages 109-113 Absorption and Elimination of Cyclodextrin Derivatives by Rabbits and Rats....Pages 115-122 Renal Effects of Parenterally Administered Methylated Cyclodextrins on Rabbits....Pages 123-132 The Purification and Properties of Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase (CGT-ase) of Bacillus Macerans....Pages 133-133 A Rapid Method for Determination of CGT-ase Activity....Pages 135-135 Enzymatic Investigations with Cyclodextrins....Pages 137-137 Front Matter....Pages 139-139 Structure Aspects of Cyclodextrin Inclusion Compounds....Pages 141-150 Structural Properties of Chemically Modified Cyclodextrins: The Crystal Structure of an Inclusion Complex between Adamantanol and per -2,6-0-Methyl-β-Cyclodextrin....Pages 151-161 Application of a Stoichiometric Model of Cyclodextrin Complex Formation....Pages 163-172 Front Matter....Pages 139-139 The Complex Formation of Cyclodextrins and Related (1→4)-α-D-Glucans as Revealed by the Spin Labeling Techniques....Pages 173-180 A Simple Rule for Predicting Circular Dichroism Induced in Aromatic Guests by Cyclodextrin Hosts in Inclusion Complexes....Pages 181-193 Transfer of Organic Molecules Through Aqueous Layers Mediated by CD’s and CD-Derivatives....Pages 195-203 Resolution of Chiral Sulfinyl Compounds Via β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes....Pages 205-215 Interactions of β-Cyclodextrin with Ionic Detergents....Pages 217-226 Thermofractography of Cyclodextrin-Complexes by Classical and Overpressured TLC Techniques....Pages 227-236 Thermoanalytical Investigations on Cyclodextrin Inclusion Compounds....Pages 237-243 Chiral Conformation of Bilirubin, Biliverdin and Benzil in Association with Cyclodextrin....Pages 245-250 Investigation of Cyclodextrin Complexes by X-ray Powder Diffraction....Pages 251-259 Ternary Complexes of β-Cyclodextrin and Benzoic Acid....Pages 261-261 Polarographic Determination of Guest-Molecules in the Presence of β-Cyclodextrin....Pages 263-263 Hydrolysis of Phosphorochloridothionates in the Presence of β-Cyclodextrin....Pages 265-265 Molecular Dynamics of CD-Complexes in Solution: A 13 C-N.M.R. Study....Pages 267-271 Front Matter....Pages 273-273 The Chemistry of Cyclodextrin Derivatives....Pages 275-287 Cyclodextrin Derivatisation: Directed Reaction of Silylated Intermediates....Pages 289-300 Preparative Methods and NMR Analysis for Silylated Derivatives of Cyclodextrin....Pages 301-325 Cyclodextrin Polymers: Types and Specific Properties....Pages 327-336 Preliminary Studies on Tablet Disintegration by Sorption Calorimetry....Pages 337-343 Water-Soluble Cyclodextrin Polymers and their Complexing Properties....Pages 345-356 Cyclodextrin Polymers as Specific Sorbents....Pages 357-362 Front Matter....Pages 273-273 Cyclodextrin-Crown Ether Combination....Pages 363-363 Front Matter....Pages 365-365 Cyclodextrin in Pharmaceutical Industry....Pages 367-376 A Forecast for Application of Cyclodextrins in the Pharma-Industry....Pages 377-388 Effects of Cyclodextrins on the Hemolysis Induced with Phenothiazine Neuroleptics....Pages 389-398 Enhanced Bioavailability of Digitalis Glycoside by Cyclodextrin Complexation....Pages 399-408 Influencing Drug Absorption by β-Cyclodextrin Complexation....Pages 409-412 Complex Equilibrium and Bioavailability....Pages 413-422 Menadione-β-Cyclodextrin Complex: Chemical Properties and Biological Effects....Pages 423-430 Stabilization of Camomile Oil with β-Cyclodextrin....Pages 431-442 Pharmacological Effect of Lidocaine Dimethyl-β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex....Pages 443-449 Investigations of Digitalis Glycosides and Their Cyclodextrin Complexes....Pages 451-451 Efect of Several Drugs and their CD-Complexes on Heart-Rhythm of Blabera Craniifer....Pages 453-453 Reduction of Indomethacin Side Effect with β-Cyclodextrin in Gastro-Intestinal Tract....Pages 455-455 Cyclodextrins and Congeners in Parenteral Applications....Pages 457-466 Front Matter....Pages 467-467 Cyclodextrins in Foods, Cosmetics and Toiletries....Pages 469-480 Production and Application of β-Cyclodextrin Complexes in the Food Industry....Pages 481-485 Stabilisation and Controlled Release of Perfume in Detergents....Pages 487-496 Separation of Phenylalanine and Tyrosine from Protein Hydrolysates....Pages 497-500 Effect of Cyclodextrin on Growth Processes and Productivity of Plants....Pages 501-511 Manifestation of Growth Control Effect of Cyclodextrin (CD) in Biosynthesis of DNA, RNA and Proteins in Germinating Barley....Pages 513-518 Front Matter....Pages 467-467 Biological Effects of the Cyclodextrin Complexes of 2-Chloromethylphosphonic Acid....Pages 519-523 Recovery of Solvent Vapours from Gaseous Phase by Cyclodextrin Solutions....Pages 525-529 Quality Control of the β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes of Volatile Oils and Materials....Pages 531-531 Back Matter....Pages 533-544 Cyclodextrins are galnlng industrial interest owing to their particu­ lar structure. These cyclic amyloses are commonly composed of 6, 7 or 8 (named a-, 8-, y-CD) glucose units. They undergo complexation with quite a large number of substances by molecular inclusion. Their potential for in­ dustrial application is substantiated by their ability to protect fragile substances from oxygen and UV, to delay the evolution of volatiles and to aid the ancillary processing of dangerous or volatile substances in powder­ ed form. Though a-, 8- and y-CD exhibit different inclusion specificity, 8-CD has found more attention than the others. This is due to the fact that most of the cyclodextrin producing enzymes known produce predominantly 8-CD. Fur­ thermore 8-CD is by far the least soluble form, leading to a relatively sim­ ple production and purification. Consequently 8-CD is already in production on an industrial scale [~] while a- and 8-CD are still more or less re­ garded as specialities. A further CD-producing enzyme has been found in the medium of K. pneu­ moniae [l], Since this CGT appeared to produce predominantly a-CD [~], it has been chosen to develop a process for the production of a-CD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Analysis of cyclodextrins: HPLC on Lichrosorb-NH . 10 ~m, with acetonitrile 2 water 65/35 per volume. Test for CGT activity: as described by Landert elsewhere in this Volume. Starch: potato starch as obtained from Blattmann, Wadenswil, Switzerland