Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium of Space Optical Instruments and Applications: ISSOIA 2022, 21-23 Oct, Beijing, China (Springer Proceedings in Physics, 295)

This proceedings book contains selected and expanded contributions presented at the 7th International Symposium of Space Optical Instruments and Applications, held in Beijing, China, on Oct 21–23, 2022. The meeting was organized by the Sino-Holland Space Optical Instruments Joint Laboratory and supported by Beijing Institute and Space Mechanics and Electricity. In the recent years, space optical payloads are advancing toward high spatial resolution, high temporal resolution, high radiometric resolution, and high spectral resolution and becoming more and more intelligent. Commercial remote sensing industry has made steady progress in terms of the scope of satellite systems and applications. Meanwhile, space optical remote sensing data has been extensively applied to monitoring of resources, meteorology, ocean, environment, disaster reduction, and many other fields. The symposium focused on key innovations of space-based optical instruments and applications and the newestdevelopments in theory, technology, and applications in optics, in both China and Europe. It thus provided a platform for exchanges on the latest research and current and planned optical missions. The major topics covered in these conference proceedings are: 1) Advanced space optical remote sensing application technology. 2) Deep space exploration and astronomical observation technology. 3) Advanced space optical remote sensing instrument technology. 4) Commercial optical observation technology and services. Contents A 3D Adaptive Sequential Model Based Dim Small Moving Target Detection Method 1 Introduction 2 The Characteristics of Targets and Backgrounds 3 The Proposed Method 3.1 The Long Multi-temporal Median Filter 3.2 The Short Median Filter 4 Experiments 5 Conclusion References Remote Sensing Image Lossy Compression Based on JPEG with Controlled Visual Quality 1 Introduction 2 Rate/Distortion Curves for JPEG and Their Brief Analysis 3 Two-step Approach for JPEG and its Accuracy 4 Neural Network-Based Predictor 5 Conclusions References GaoFen-1 Performance and Status After Nine Years on Orbit 1 Introduction 2 Key Events of GaoFen-1 3 Performance and Status of GaoFen-1 3.1 Orbit 3.2 Temperature 3.3 Position Precision and Attitude Control Accuracy 3.4 Relative Radiometric Calibration 3.5 TDI Stage and Gain Adjustment 3.6 Absolute Radiometric Calibration 3.7 Focus Calibration 3.8 Image Quality Monitoring 4 Summary References An Infrared Ship Detection Algorithm Based on VIMI Infrared Multispectral Images 1 Overview 2 Ship Detection 2.1 Sea-Land Segmentation 2.2 Target Detection 3 Experiment 3.1 Sea-land Segmentation 3.2 Target Detection 4 Conclusion References Building Change Detection on High-Resolution Imagery with a Multi-task Semantic Change Detection Method 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Data 2.2 Change Detection Based on Multi-task Learning 2.3 Loss Function 2.4 Accuracy Assessment 2.5 Results 2.6 Discussion References NM-LinkNet: Cloud Detection from Remote Sensing Images with Non-local Operation and Multi-scale Feature Aggregation 1 Introduction 2 Method 2.1 Network Structure 2.2 Non-local Operation 2.3 Multi-scale Feature Aggregation 3 Experiment 3.1 Dataset 3.2 Experimental Setup 3.3 Evaluation Metrics 3.4 Result Analysis 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Design and Performance of the SOLAR-Induced Fluorescence Spectrometer of BISME 1 Summary 2 Task Analysis 3 Indicator System 4 Instrument Configurations 4.1 System Composition 4.2 Working Principle 4.3 Operating Mode 4.4 Optical System Design 4.5 Optical Mechanical Structure Composition 4.6 Thermal Control Design 4.7 On Orbit Calibration Scheme 5 System Verification 5.1 Validation Items 5.2 Validation Results 6 Conclusion References Unified Approach to Inshore Ship Detection in Optical/radar Medium Spatial Resolution Satellite Images 1 Introduction 2 Related Work and Motivation 3 Methodology 3.1 Objects Detection Features 3.2 Local Binary Patterns 3.3 Spectroradiometric Anomaly Mapping 3.4 Probability Fusion and Decision Making 4 Proposed Approach 5 Experiments 6 Discussion 7 Conclusion References Research on Reinforcement Method of Optical Cable Assembly Used in Space Optical System 1 Introduction 2 Typical Aerospace Optical Cable and Optical Cable Assembly Structure 2.1 Typical Optical Cable Structure 2.2 Typical Optical Cable Assembly Structure 3 Radiation Effect of Optical Fiber and Cable 4 Reinforcement Method of Optical Cable Components 4.1 Bending Resistance and Reinforcement Method of Optical Cable Assembly 4.2 Irradiation Strengthening Method of Optical Cable Assembly 5 Test and Verification 5.1 Test and Verification of Anti-bending Reinforced Optical Cable Components 5.2 Test and Verification of Irradiation Hardened Optical Cable Assembly 6 Conclusion References A Method of Cloud Detection in Remote Sensing Image Based on FPGA 1 Introduction 2 Algorithm Construction of Cloud Detection 2.1 Feature Extraction of Cloud Image 2.2 Classification and Judgment of Cloud Image Features 3 Design of FPGA Processing Architecture for Cloud Detection Model 3.1 Acquisition of 4 × 4 Pixel Image Block to be Measured 3.2 Extract Image Eigenvalues 3.3 Cloud Layer Discrimination 4 Analysis of Test Results 4.1 Analysis of Test Results of Buffer Processing Module 4.2 Analysis of the Results of Image Feature Module 4.3 Analysis of the Effect of Cloud Judgment 4.4 Summary 5 Conclusions References Multi-mode Detection System with the Same Aperture for Space Target 1 Introduction 2 Design of the Multi-mode Detection System 2.1 VIS-NIR Zoom Detection Subsystem 2.2 LWIR Detection Subsystem 2.3 LiDAR Detection Subsystem 3 Conclusion References Applications of High-Power Semiconductor Lasers in Marine Environmental Monitoring 1 Introduction 2 High Power Semiconductor Laser 3 High Power Semiconductor Lasers for Wind Measurement Radar 4 Application of High Power Semiconductor Lasers in Through-Frog Rangefinder 5 High Power Semiconductor Lasers for Ocean Wave Monitoring 6 High Power Semiconductor Lasers for Marine Heavy Metal Detection 7 Applications of High Power Semiconductor Laser in Satellite Ocean Altimetry System 8 High Power Semiconductor Lasers in Marine Underwater Imaging Systems 9 Conclusions References A General Recognition Approach for Formation Change of Group Targets 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Proposed Method 3.1 Graph Model Construction of Group Targets 3.2 Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolution (STGC) Model Based Group Target Formation Change Recognition 4 Experiments 4.1 Dataset 4.2 Comparisons 5 Conclusion References The Technology of Aerospace Monitoring of Changes in the Ecological Condition of the Environment Using the Statistical Criteria Method with Virtual Standards, on the Example of Mining and Industrial Territories of Ukraine 1 Introduction 2 Purpose of the Study 3 Method 4 Final Product 5 Conclusions References Geometric Positioning Sensitivity Analysis of Spaceborne Laser Altimeter 1 Introduction 2 Altimeter Laser Footing Geometric Positioning Model 3 Spaceborne Laser Altimeter Positioning Error Model and Analysis 3.1 Positioning Error Propagation Model 3.2 Positioning Error Propagation Coefficient Analysis 4 Conclusion References Improvement of the Information Technology Basis for Aerospace Monitoring of the Sea Shelf for the Search for Hydrocarbon Deposits in the Optical Spectral Range 1 Introduction 2 Background and Related Works 2.1 Studying the Heterogeneous State of the Marine Environment 2.2 Methods and Results of Studying Specific Temperature Changes 3 Forecasting the Oil and Gas Prospects of Areas Based on Various Characteristics 4 Modeling by the Method of Analytical Networks 5 Conclusion References Research and Comparison on Remote Sensing Image Restoration Methods Under the Influence of Microvibration 1 Introduction 2 Simulation Model 3 Simulation Results 4 Image Restoration 4.1 Proposed Non-Blind Restoration Algorithm 4.2 Other Restoration Algorithms 4.3 Restoration Algorithm Comparison 5 Conclusion References Status and Progress of Research on HgCdTe Photovoltaic Infrared Detectors 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Foundations 2.1 Photovoltaic Model 2.2 Dark Current Characteristics 3 Film Growth Methods 3.1 LPE Method [10] 3.2 MBE Method 3.3 MOCVD Method 3.4 PLD 4 Current Situation at Home and Abroad 4.1 Status of Development Abroad 4.2 Status of Domestic Development 5 Direction of Development 5.1 Large Size of the Surface Array 5.2 Long Wave/Very Long Wave Infrared Detection 5.3 Multi-colour Detection 6 Summary References Starting from the Sampling Imaging System, A Comprehensive Review on the Remote Sensing Image Super-Resolution Technology 1 Introduction 2 Sampling Imaging System and Degradation Model 3 Traditional Algorithms 3.1 Bicubic Interpolation (BC) 3.2 Iterative Back-Projection (IBP) 3.3 Projections onto Convex Sets (POCS) 3.4 The Maximum a Posteriori Probability (MAP) 4 Learning-Based Algorithms 4.1 Based on Sparse Coding 4.2 Based on CNN 4.3 Based on GAN 4.4 Remote Sensing Images Super-Resolution on Attention 4.5 Unsupervised Algorithms 5 Comparison and Discussion 5.1 Comparison of Algorithms 5.2 Evaluation Metrics 5.3 Datasets 6 Conclusion References Research on Levelness Measurement Method of Large Size Object Based on Laser Tracker and Electronic Theodolite 1 Preface 2 Method Introduction 2.1 Laser Tracker 2.2 Electronic Theodolite 2.3 Establishment Method of Horizontal Coordinate System 3 Test Verification 4 Summary References Research on TDI Mode of Area Array Camera for Space Debris Detection 1 Introduction 2 Working Principle 3 Calculation and Analysis of TDI Imaging Parameters 4 Experiments and Results 5 Concluding Remarks References A Micro-Satellite Design for Deep Space Exploration 1 Introduction 2 Overall Design Based on MEMS 2.1 MEMS Technology for Deep Space Exploration 2.2 Overall System Design Based on MEMS 2.3 An Example of a MEMS-Based Microsatellite Design 3 Micro-Satellite Module Design 3.1 Energy Supply Design 3.2 Strong Radiation Protection Design 3.3 Orbit Control Design 3.4 Extreme High and Low Temperature Thermal Control Design 3.5 Long-Life Autonomous Operation Design 4 Conclusion References A Method for Increasing Dynamic Range of Space Point Target Detecting System 1 Introduction 2 Conventional TDI Infrared Detector 3 TDI Infrared Detector Based on Long and Short Integration Time 4 Response Characteristic 5 Practical Test of Radiation Response 6 Conclusion References The Effect of Instrumental Polarization on the High Resolution Imaging of Space Interferometry 1 Introduction 2 The Polarization Components of Fringe 3 The Example Interferometer 4 The Method of Polarization Modeling 5 The Analysis of Interfering Fringe 6 Discussion 7 Conclusion References Satellite Photometric Characteristics Modeling and Simulation Influenced by Attitude Changes 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Basis 2.1 Bidirectional Reflection Distribution Function (BRDF) 2.2 Characteristic Description of Space Target Attitude 3 Satellite Modeling 4 Photometric Curve Simulation 4.1 Influence of Size Parameters on Photometric Curves 4.2 Influence of Attitude Parameters on Photometric Curves 4.3 Influence of BRDF Model Parameters on Photometric Curves 4.4 Influence of Location of the Station on Photometric Curves 5 Conclusion References Design of On-Orbit Radiation Calibration Scheme of Optical Remote Sensing Systems 1 Introduction 2 Radiation Calibration Scheme Design 2.1 Blackbody Calibration 2.2 Solar Calibration of Diffuse Reflective Plate 2.3 Infrared Star Calibration and Data Correction Method 3 Radiometric Calibration Uncertainty 4 Conclusion References Spatial Resolution Evaluation Method Based on Edge Characteristics 1 Introduction 2 Basic Principles 2.1 FWHM 2.2 EQW 2.3 2σ Width 2.4 ESW 2.5 R0.02 and R0.05 2.6 Visual Resolution 3 Experiment and Analysis 3.1 Analysis on the Change Rule of Each Parameter 3.2 Comparison and Analysis of Each Parameters 4 Real Data Validation 4.1 Verification of the Change Rule 4.2 Verification of DRes 4.3 Comparison and Analysis of Each Parameters 5 Conclusion References P-FSM and M-FSM Piezoelectric and Magnetic Fast Steering Mirrors 1 Introduction 2 Amplified Piezo Actuators FSM 3 Magnetic Actuation FSM 4 Stepping Piezo Actuators FSM 5 Conclusion References Comparison Test Method and Test Result of Star Sensor’s Baffle Based on Carbon Nanotube 1 Introduction 2 Proposal of CNT Baffle 3 Comparison Test Verification Method of Hood Structure 4 Validation of Stray Light Suppression Performance of the Baffle 5 Conclusion References Adaptive Integral Backstepping Control Method for Space Tracking Turntable Based on NDOB 1 Introduction 2 Modeling and Friction Disturbance Analysis of Tracking Turntable 2.1 The Model of PMSM 2.2 Friction Disturbance Analysis 3 Adaptive Integral Backstepping Control Method Based on NDO 3.1 NDO Design 3.2 Design of Adaptive Integral Backstepping Controller 3.3 Proof of Stability 4 Simulation Analysis 5 Conclusion References Alignment of the Secondary Mirror of a Space Telescope Based on Holographic Modal Wavefront Sensor 1 Introduction 2 Principles 2.1 Improved HMWFS Using for Point and Extended Object 2.2 Kinoform CGH Optimization 2.3 Alignment of the SM 3 Numerical Simulation 4 Conclusion References Static and Dynamic Error Analysis of Swing Arm Profile Measurement 1 Introduction 2 Coordinate Transformation for Swing Arm Profiling 3 Error Analysis of the Swing Arm Profile Measurement 4 Conclusion References Dynamic Spectroscopic Imaging Ellipsometry for Thickness Measurement Based on a Dual-Comb System 1 Introduction 2 Principles and System Design 2.1 Principles of Ellipsometry 2.2 System Design and Principles of Dual-Comb Spectroscopic Ellipsometry 3 Results and Evaluation 3.1 Stability of Phase Difference 3.2 Film Thickness Evaluation 4 Discussion and Conclusion References The Design and Implementation of High Resolution Time Interval Measurement in the Space-Borne Laser Ranging 1 Introduction 2 High Resolution Time Interval Measurement Principle 3 Hardware Circuit Implementation 4 System Software Implementation 5 The Results of Experiments 6 Conclusion References Satellite Imagery Superresolution Based on Optimal Frame Accumulation 1 Introduction 2 Method 2.1 Integer Pixel Image Cropping 2.2 Subpixel Shift Assessment 2.3 Reference Grid Assignment 2.4 Optimal Selection of Input Images Subset 2.5 Superresolution Algorithm 3 Implementation 4 Evaluation 4.1 Input Imageset Requirements 4.2 Image Evaluation Toolkit 4.3 Test Satellite Image Superresolution Results 5 Discussion 6 Conclusions References Design and Implementation of FFT Based Fast Acquiring of High Dynamic GPS Signal Based on FPGA 1 Introduction 2 Basic Algorithm 3 Implementation 3.1 Data Storage and FFT Arithmetic (FPGA) 3.2 FFT Scheme Design 4 Algorithm Validation 5 Conclusion References A Dense Matching Method for Satellite Remote Sensing Images Based on Multiple Matching Primitives 1 Introduction 2 Dense Matching of Remote Sensing Images with Multiple Matching Primitives 2.1 Feature Points Matching Based on SIFT 2.2 Grid Points Matching Based on Object Space Geometry Constraint 2.3 Grid Points Matching Based on Affine Transformation 3 Experiment Results and Analysis 4 Conclusion References Geometric Stitching Method for Multi-detector Images of Stationary Orbit Area-Array Camera 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 On-Orbit Geometric Calibration of the Multiple Detectors 2.2 Geometric Modeling of the Undistorted Virtual Image 2.3 Geometric Stitching of the Original Sub-images 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Experimental Datasets 3.2 Calibration Accuracy of the Sub-Images of the SOAAC Analysis 3.3 Evaluation of Geometric Stitching of the Sub-Images 4 Conclusion References Real-Time Image Super Resolution System Based on Micro-scanning Technology 1 Introduction 2 QDS System Architecture 3 Modules 3.1 MicroScanVISModule 3.2 QDS Portable Image Processing Workstation 3.3 Software (MSRE QDS) Implementation 4 Experiments 4.1 Real Image Sequences 5 Conclusion References Research on Manufacturing Technology of Large-Size Baffle of Remote Sensing Camera 1 Forward 2 Structural Design and Technical Requirements 2.1 Structural Design 2.2 Technical Requirements 2.3 Material Selection 3 Manufacturing Process Plan 3.1 Manufacturing Process Design 3.2 Mold Design and Optimization 3.3 Manufacturing Process Program 4 Product Results and Test Status 4.1 Product Results 4.2 Product Results 4.3 On-Orbit Applications 5 Concluded Remarks References Estimation of Sensor Noise Parameters from Remote Sensing Data Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Mixed Synthetic and Real Data 1 Introduction 2 Review of Blind Noise Parameters Estimation Methods 2.1 Methods Operating in Spatial, Spectral or Spatial-Spectral Domains 2.2 Model-Based Approach 2.3 Learning-Based BNPE Approaches 3 Learning-Based BNPE Using Uncalibrated Data 3.1 Confidence of Noise SD Estimation 3.2 Training of CNN for Noise Parameters Estimation 3.3 Isotropic and Anisotropic Fractal Brownian Motion Model 3.4 Training of CNN for Noise Parameters Estimation Using Mixture of Simulated and Real Data 3.5 Semi-supervised Training of CNN for Noise Parameters Estimation 4 Experimental Part 4.1 NED2012 Database 4.2 NoiseNet Training on NED2012 Database in “CALIbrate-While-Training” Mode 5 Conclusions References Study on System-Level Test Verification Technology for Optical Remote Sensing Satellite Payload 1 Introduction 2 Development Status of Optical Remote Sensing Payload at Home and Abroad 2.1 Development Status of Optical Remote Sensing Payload Abroad 2.2 Domestic Development Status of Optical Remote Sensing Payload Technology 3 Present Situations of System-Level Test and Verification Technology of Optical Remote Sensing Payload 4 Advantages and Disadvantages of System Level Test Verification Compared with Subsystem Test Verification 5 Future Development Trends of Optical Remote Sensing Payload System-Level Test and Verification Technology 6 Concluding Remarks References Evaluation of Target Detectability Performance Under Specific Image Complexity 1 Introduction 2 Complexity Measurement of Infrared Image Sequence 3 Complexity Measurement Experiment 4 Target Detectability Performance Evaluation References Automatic Decision Undertaking on Expedience of Image Denoising Based on Filter Efficiency Prediction 1 Introduction 2 Subjective Evaluation of Visual Quality for Denoised Images 3 Analysis and Performance Evaluation of Full-Reference IQA Measures for Denoised Images 4 Decision-Making on Image Denoising Expedience 5 Conclusions References Design and Spectral Analysis of Medium and Long Wave Infrared Filter for HRD 1 Introduction 1.1 A Subsection Sample 2 Membrane System Design 2.1 A Subsection Sample 3 Experimental Procedure 3.1 A Subsection Sample 4 Experimental Results and Analysis 4.1 Analysis of Temperature Drift Results 4.2 Analysis of Angular Drift Results 4.3 Analysis of Angular Drift Results 4.4 Facial Analysis 4.5 Space Environment Test Analysis and Validation of Medium and Long Wave Infrared Filters 5 Conclusion References Micro-vibration Modeling and Suppression Technology and Prospects for High Resolution Remote Sensing Satellite 1 Introduction 2 Influence and Compensation of Micro-vibration on Image Quality 2.1 Effect of Micro-vibration on Image Quality 2.2 In Orbit Image Quality Prediction 2.3 Compensation for the Impact of Micro-vibration 3 Micro-vibration Modeling and Measurement Technology 3.1 Integrated Modeling Technology 3.2 Ground Test and Measurement 3.3 In Orbit Micro-vibration Measurement 4 Micro-vibration Suppression Technology 5 Some Suggestions on Reducing the Influence of Micro-vibration on the Imaging Quality of high Resolution Satellite 5.1 Optimize the Layout of Disturbance Vibration Source and Sensitive Load 5.2 Optimize the Main Structure Material and Size 5.3 Optimizing Frequency Allocation 5.4 Optimization of Isolator Parameters 6 Conclusion References Design of Large Array Infrared Detector Imaging Electronics System for Space Application 1 Introduction 2 Design of Detector Component 3 Scheme Design of Imaging Electronics System 3.1 Architecture Design of Imaging Electronics System 3.2 Optimization Design of Working Mode and Imaging Mode 4 Hardware Design of Imaging Circuit 4.1 Design of Detector Drive Circuit 4.2 Design of Analog Signal Processing Circuit 4.3 Design of Data Acquisition and Processing Circuit 5 Key Software Modules Design of Imaging Circuit 5.1 Design of Nonuniformity Correction Module 5.2 Design of Double Integration Time Exposure Module 6 Test Results 6.1 Noise Test 6.2 Test of Nonuniformity Correction 6.3 Test of Double Integration Time Exposure 7 Conclusion References Peculiarities of Thematic Processing of Data of Earth Monitoring from Space 1 Introduction 2 Fundamentals 2.1 Remote Sensing Data Thematic Processing Segmentation Methods 2.2 Comprehensive Assessment of the Development Dynamics of Processes and Phenomena According to Earth Monitoring Data Using Fuzzy Logic 3 Typhoon (Hurricane) Spatial Imagery Thematic Processing Characteristics 3.1 Typhoon (Hurricane) Structure Description 3.2 Segmentation of the Typhoon (Hurricane) Structure Using the Fractal Dimensions Field 3.3 Hurricane Radar Image Features Analysis 4 Typhoon (Hurricane) Spatial Imagery Thematic Processing Characteristics 5 Conclusions References High Precision Preloading of Angular Contact Bearing in Movable Mechanism of Space Optical Remote Sensor 1 Preface 2 Measurement of Load-Displacement Relationship 2.1 Bearing Preload Measuring System 2.2 Influence of System Rigidity on Measurement Results 2.3 Determine the Bearing Preload Zero Point 2.4 Determination of Preloading Error 2.5 Measurement Result 3 Theoretical Calculation and Simulation 3.1 Calculation and Simulation of Load-Displacement Relationship 3.2 Friction Moment Calculation 3.3 Result Analysis 4 Implementation and Verification of Precision Preloading Process 5 Conclusion References Infrared Small Target Detection Algorithm Based on Full Feature Measure and Tensor Recovery 1 Introduction 2 The Proposed Method 2.1 Background Prior Analysis 2.2 Proposed Model Based on IPT 3 Experiment and Analysis 3.1 Dataset 3.2 Subjective Analysis 3.3 Target Enhancement Analysis 3.4 Background Suppression Analysis 3.5 Detection Performance Analysis 4 Conclusion References Design and Research of Light Space Polarization Camera Based on Hyperlens Integration Technology 1 Introduction 2 Feasibility and Process Design of Detector and Metalens Integration 2.1 Research on Integration of Metalens and CCD 2.2 Integration Solution Selection 2.3 Detector and Metalens Integrated Process Design 3 System Solution for Spatially High-Resolution Polarization Imaging 3.1 Optical Design Method 3.2 Split Focal Plane Scheme 4 Development of Polarization Camera Engineering Prototype 4.1 Optical System Design 4.2 Camera Body Design 4.3 Electronics Design 4.4 Field Imaging Experiment 5 Conclusion References Current Status and Progress of Cooperative Target Technology for Spatial Pose Measurement 1 Introduction 2 Key Technologies of Cooperative Target 2.1 Design Principles 2.2 Design Methods 3 Status and Progress of Cooperation Target Technology 3.1 Types of Cooperation Target 3.2 Features and Applications 3.3 Summary 4 Conclusion References An Efficient Hyperspectral Band Selection Method Based on TLBO and Improved Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization 1 Introduction 2 Quantum Particle Swarm Algorithm and Improvement Algorithm 2.1 Quantum Particle Swarm Algorithm 2.2 Improved Quantum Particle Swarm Algorithm 3 Hyperspectral Band Selection Method Based on TLBO and Improved Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization 3.1 Subspace Division 3.2 Evaluation Function of Band Selection 3.3 Flow of Hyperspectral Image Band Selection Algorithm Based on TLBOQPSO 4 Band Selection Experiment and Result Analysis 4.1 Datasets Introduction 4.2 Parameter Settings and Evaluation Function 4.3 Experiments 5 Conclusion References High Stability Design and Verification of Hyper-spectrometer on Terrestrial Ecological Carbon Satellite 1 Introduction 2 Stability Requirements in Orbit 2.1 Stability Index of Spectral Resolution 2.2 Stability Index of Spectral Distortion 2.3 Stability Index of Spectrum Distribution 3 Design on Stability In-Orbit 3.1 Design of Low Sensitivity Optical System 3.2 Design of High Stability Main Structure 3.3 Design of High Precision Thermal Control 3.4 Integrated Analysis of the System 4 Ground Verification 5 Conclusion References Software-Hardware Cooperative Lightweight Research of Remote Sensing Target Detection Algorithms for Space-Borne Edge Computing 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 Remote Sensing Target Detection Models 2.2 Convolution Kernel Pruning Technology 3 Methodology 3.1 Improvement of Data Labeling 3.2 Improvement of Convolution Kernel Pruning 3.3 Optimization of FPGA deployment 3.4 Overall Collaborative Lightweight Scheme 4 Experiments 4.1 Experimental Setup 4.2 Software Lightweight Results 4.3 On-Orbit Deployment Results 5 Conclusion References Research on the Measuring Method of Electronic Theodolite See-Through Porthole Glass 1 Introduction 2 Analysis of Theodolite Measuring Method and Accuracy Influence 2.1 Measuring Principle of Theodolite 2.2 Theodolite See-Through Porthole Glass Measurement Scheme 2.3 Accuracy Error Analysis of Theodolite Perspective Glass 3 Test Verification 3.1 Measurement Scheme 3.2 Measurement Process 3.3 Analysis of Test Data Results 4 Conclusion References Development and Integration of the Online Monitoring System for Early Warning of Environmental Parameters-A Case Study 1 Introduction 1.1 The Importance of Air Quality in Specific Scenes 1.2 Optical Technologies for Air Quality Monitoring 1.3 Air Quality Requirements of Data Centers 2 Monitoring System for a Typical Data Center 2.1 Air Quality Status 2.2 Requirement Analysis of Monitoring 2.3 Monitoring and Early-Stage Warning System Scheme 3 Conclusions and Prospects References Exploration and Practice of Commercial Application of AI-Empowered Remote Sensing Big Data –Taking Pine Wood Nematode Disease Space-Ground Integrated Remote Sensing Intelligent Monitoring Platform as an Example 1 Current Situation of Remote Sensing Data Processing at Home and Abroad 2 Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Remote Sensing Applications 2.1 Application of Urban Vegetation Green Space Monitoring 2.2 Application of Urban Land Monitoring 2.3 Application of Urban Road Network Monitoring 3 Space-Ground Integrated Remote Sensing Intelligent Monitoring Platform for Pine Wood Nematode Disease 3.1 Introduction to the Platform 3.2 Main Features 3.3 Effectiveness of Application 4 Development Trend of Remote Sensing Big Data References Research on the Market Demand of Remote Sensing Data Application Services in Key Countries in Southeast Asia Along the Belt and Road 1 Introduction 2 Comprehensive Analysis of the Belt and Road Region and Remote Sensing Data Application 2.1 Analysis of the Belt and Road Regional Situation 2.2 Analysis of the Current Situation of Remote Sensing Data Application 2.3 Focus on Regions and Countries 3 Comprehensive Analysis of Key Countries 3.1 Thailand 3.2 Malaysia 3.3 Indonesia 4 Data Sources and Fields of Remote Sensing Application in Key Countries 4.1 Data Sources for Remote Sensing Application 4.2 Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning Field 4.3 Agricultural Field 4.4 Resource Field 5 Summary and Suggestions 5.1 Summary and Prospect 5.2 Suggestions in Key Fields References Research and Application of Space Optical Payload Piggyback Technology Towards China’s Future Commercial Constellations Construction 1 Introduction 2 Overview of China’s Commercial Constellation Development 3 Analysis of “Starlink” Piggyback Situation 4 Research and Application of Space Optical Payload Piggyback Technology 4.1 Piggyback Technology of Commercial Constellation 4.2 Integrated Detection and Imaging Technology 4.3 Space Optical Payload Application Model 5 Summary References Author Index