Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Construction, Architecture and Technosphere Safety : ICCATS 2022

This book highlights recent findings in civil and environmental engineering and urban planning, and provides an overview of the state of the art in these fields, mainly in Russia and Eastern Europe. A broad range of topics and issues in modern engineering are discussed, including construction, buildings and structures, advanced materials, innovative technology, methods and techniques in civil engineering, heating, gas supply, water supply and sewerage, foundation engineering, BIM, structural reliability, durability and monitoring, special and unique structures construction (bridge, tunnel, road, railway engineering), design and construction of hydraulic structures, concrete engineering, urban regeneration and sustainable development, urban transport system, engineering structure safety and disaster prevention, water resources engineering, water and wastewater treatment, recycling and reuse of wastewater, etc. The volume gathers selected papers from the 6th International Conference on Construction, Architecture and Technosphere Safety (ICCATS), held in Sochi, Russia in September 2022. The authors are experts in various fields of engineering, and all papers have been carefully reviewed. Preface Contents Industrial and [Please insert PrerenderUnicode{С} into preamble]ivil Engineering Blast-Induced Seismicity Impact on the Stability of Hydraulic Structures 1 Introduction 2 Blast Impact on Hydraulic Structures 3 Conclusion References Modeling of Connection Nodes of Elements Rod Structures 1 Introduction 2 Methods and Materials 3 Results 4 Conclusion References The Actuality of Geotechnical Monitoring on the Example of Construction Objects in Tyumen 1 Introduction 2 Geotechnical Monitoring Program 3 Approbation of the Algorithm for Creating a Geotechnical Monitoring Program 4 Elimination of Differential Settlements of the Building 5 Conclusion References Prospects for the Use of Painted Ceramic Facing Materials Using Man-Made Waste 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Part 2.1 Utilization of Ash and Slag Waste 2.2 Utilization of Mining Waste 2.3 Utilization of Waste Rubber and Plastics 2.4 Utilization of Glass Waste 2.5 Utilization of Chemical Industry Waste 2.6 Utilization of Wood Waste 2.7 Disposal of Sludge Waste 3 Conclusion References Parametric Studies of Intra-Modular Connections Stiffness 1 Introduction 1.1 Modular Buildings Classification 1.2 Intra-Module Connection Rotational Stiffness Researches 2 Parametric Numerical Researches of Intra-module Connection Rotational Stiffness 2.1 Joints Without Stiffeners SHS-SHS and SHS-C 2.2 Joints with Vertical Stiffeners SHS-SHS-VS and SHS-C-VS 2.3 Joints with Horizontal Stiffeners SHS-C-HS 3 Results and Analysis 4 Conclusion References Responsive Architecture as a Synthetic Field in Architecture and Construction 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results 3.1 Development of Responsive Space Concepts: A Historical Overview 3.2 Clarifying the Notion of Responsive Architecture 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Use of Soft Wood Waste in the Production of Wood Particle Boards 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results 4 Conclusions References Assessing the Applicability of Sand Hydraulic Conductivity Calculation Techniques 1 Introduction 2 Field and Laboratory Methods to Evaluate Hydraulic Conductivity of Sand 3 Calculation Methods to Evaluate Hydraulic Conductivity of Sand 4 Conclusion References Lining Application by Means of Guniting (Using Machine TOR-1) 1 Introduction 2 Relevance 3 Identification of Objectives 4 Theory 5 Practice 6 Conclusion References Impact of the Coolant Flow Velocity on the Thermal Condition of Flat-Plate Solar Collectors 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results 4 Findings References Polymer-Cement Concrete Based on Polyvinyl Acetate Dispersion for Construction 3D Printing 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussions 4 Conclusion References General Formula of Beams Strengthening 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Part 3 Example 4 Results 5 Conclusion References Determining the Water Demand of Fine Aggregates 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Part 3 Test Procedure 4 Conclusion References Increasing the Energy Efficiency of Buildings 1 Introduction 2 Relevance of the Issue 3 Main Part 4 Practical Value 5 Conclusion References The Use of PVC Waste in Concrete with the Addition of PVAc 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Cement, Sand and Water 2.2 Characteristics of PVC Waste 2.3 Characteristics of PVAc 2.4 Characteristic of TiO2 2.5 Composition of the Mixture 2.6 Hardening Conditions 2.7 Determination of Workability and Strength 3 Results and Discussions 3.1 Workability 3.2 Flexural Strength 3.3 Compressive Strength 4 Conclusion References Bearing Capacity and Deformability of Connections of Wooden Structures on TGC Dowel Plates 1 Introduction 2 Preliminary Data 3 Experimental Research 4 Results 5 Conclusion References Increasing the Resistance of Chloromagnesian Composites to Cracking Under Prolonged Water Saturation 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Research Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Steady-State Nonlinear Heat and Mass Transfer in Multilayer Enclosing Structures of Buildings and Constructions 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussion References Modeling of Construction Objects When Considering Repair Characteristics 1 Introduction 2 Analysis of the Significance of the Parameters of Construction Objects When Considering Their Maintainability 3 Application of the Method of Extreme Grouping When Choosing Indicators for Modeling 4 Formation of Classification Repair Models 5 Results 6 Conclusion References Static Three-Point Bending Tests on 3D Printed Multilayer Composite Plates 1 Introduction 2 Sandwich Production with LFS Technology and Test Unit 3 Test Unit 4 Preliminary Test Results and Mechanical Behavior of Multilayer Samples 5 Conclusion References Stress–Strain Properties of Concrete at Early Freezing 1 Introduction 2 Relevance of the Article 3 Objective of the Job 4 Theoretical Part 5 Practical Significance 6 Conclusions References A Modified Implicit Scheme for the Numerical Dynamic Analysis of Beam Elements Considering Nonlocal in Time Internal Damping 1 Introduction 2 A Modified Newmark Method with Nonlocal in Time Internal Damping 3 Estimation of the Model Accuracy Increase When Using the Modified Newmark Method 4 Conclusion References Optimizing the Structure of Construction Mixes for 3D Printing 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results 4 Conclusion References Evaluation of Deformation Properties of Portland Cement Mortars Modified with Microfiber 1 Introduction 2 Relevance of the Research 3 Methods and Materials 4 Results 5 Conclusion References Energy-Saving Technologies for the Construction and Operation of Buildings in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation 1 Introduction 2 Prospects for the Development of Renewable Energy in the Artic 3 The Concept of Utilization of Thermal Energy of Production for Heating Buildings 4 Design of Energy Efficient Buildings in Harsh Climatic Conditions 5 Thermal Analysis of Sandwich Panels with a Gap 6 Conclusions References Influence of Surface Tension Forces of Modifiers on Some Properties of Composite Materials 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Substantiation of the Method for Determining the Surface Tension Forces of a Liquid 3 Materials and Research Results 4 Conclusions References Methodology of Determination of the Platform Joint of Reinforced Concrete Large-Panel Buildings Stiffnesses 1 Introduction 2 Calculation of the Stiffness of the Platform Joint 2.1 Initial Data 2.2 Coefficient of Flexibility 2.3 Determination of Stiffness Characteristics of FE Platform Joint for Short-Term Load 2.4 Analysis of the Results 3 Conclusion References Special and Unique Structures Construction Damping of Structures of Earthquake-Resistant Suspended Buildings 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References The Design of Architectural Forms Based on Irregular Curves 1 Introduction 2 Problem Statement 3 Geometrically Smooth Composite Cubic Bézier Curves 4 Experiment (Simulation of a Nature-Like Curve) 5 Conclusion References “Healthy” Architecture: Synthesis of Humanistic Approaches 1 Introduction 2 Research Methodology 3 Results 4 Discussion 4.1 General Understanding of Modern Architecture 4.2 Urban Context of Modeling Architecture Aimed at Health 4.3 Components of a Design Model for a Health-Aimed Architecture 4.4 An Example of a “Healthy” Architecture 5 Conclusion References Features of Designing Unique Architectural Objects in Extreme Natural Environments: The Precedents of Application 1 Introduction 1.1 Relevance of the Issue 1.2 Problem Statement 2 Theoretical Part 2.1 Aqua Architecture: Construction of Unique Objects in the Aquatic Environment 2.2 Terra-Construction of Unique Underground Facilities Using Techniques of Forming a Virtual Light Environment 2.3 Architecture of Weightlessness: Construction of Unique Facilities to Create an Artificial Habitable Environment in Space 3 Practical the Significance 4 Conclusion References Optimization of Microclimate Parameters in Tent-Frame Buildings 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Research Results 4 Discussion and Conclusions References Method of Hydraulic Calculation of Gas Distribution Networks 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussion References Urban Engineering and Planning Industrial Renovation in Context Sustainable Urban Development 1 Introduction 2 Methods of Analysis of the Urban Environment 3 Description of the Research 4 Conclusions References The Compositional Regulation of the Historic Environment and Urban Planning 1 Introduction 1.1 Historical Overview of the Reconstruction Problems of Old Cities 2 Practical Aspects of Regulating the Historic Urban Environment 2.1 Modern Urban Planning Problems in the Renovation of the Urban Environment 2.2 Social and Aesthetic Functions of Historical Objects 2.3 Historic Objects, Their Value and Appreciation 2.4 Psychological Measurements of the Environmental Impact 2.5 The Cultural Potential of Historical Heritage 2.6 The Theoretical and Practical Significance of Legal Protection of Historic and Cultural Monuments 2.7 The Role of Public Interest in the Design of Historical and Cultural Monuments 2.8 Prospects for the Preservation of Historical and Cultural Heritage 3 The Modern Practice of Reconstructing Historical Environments 4 Conclusions References Integrating Standard Residential Buildings with Architecture and Space of Historically Sensitive Environment 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Relationship Between the Formation of Post-Covid Residential Complexes and the Architecture of Soviet Commune Houses 1 Introduction 2 Research Methodology 3 The Impact of the Social Factor 4 Impact of the Epidemiological Situation 5 Patterns in a Multi-functional Dwelling 6 Conclusion References Improving the Efficiency of Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants Based on Information Modeling 1 Introduction 2 Methods and Materials 3 Results 4 Conclusion References Comprehensive Analysis of Pedestrian and Walking Spaces of Cities (Including Coastal Areas) 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References The Influence of the Building Configuration on the Occurrence of Increased Wind Speeds 1 Introduction 2 Systematization of Residential Development 3 Wind Transformation in a Residential Development 4 Numerical Modeling of Building Configurations 4.1 Stage 1. Parallel Arrangement of Buildings in the Development (Building Model, Open on Both Sides) 4.2 Stage 2. The Influence of a High-Rise Building in the Center of a Development with Parallel Buildings 5 Conclusion References Engineering Structure Safety, Environmental Engineering and Environmental Protection Irregular Process Type Effect on Fatigue Crack Propagation Rate 1 Introduction 2 Numerical Investigation of Stress–Strain State 3 Crack Propagation Models 4 Random Sequency Imitation 5 Conclusions References Ensuring the Safety of a Quarry Distribution Network with a Voltage of 6–35 kV 1 Introduction 2 Relevance and Problem Statement 3 Research Methods and Isolation Control System 4 Research Results and Discussions 5 Conclusion References Analysis of Recreational Zones Negative Impact on Water Area of Lake Baikal 1 Introduction 2 Research Methods 3 Object of Study 4 The Discussion of the Results 5 Conclusions References Basic Procedure to Estimate the Accumulated Environmental Damage Caused by Mining Facilities as Exemplified by the Kachkanar Tailing Dump in the Middle Urals 1 Introduction 1.1 Relevance and Scientific Significance of the Issue 1.2 Formulation of the Problem 2 Theoretical 3 Practical Significance, Suggestions, and Implementation Results 4 Conclusion References Technosphere Safety in Russia by Ensuring Carbon Neutrality in the Face of Climate Change 1 Introduction 2 Problem Formulation 3 Analysis of Calculation Methods 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Drilling Waste as a Promising Man-Made Material for the Synthesis of Aluminosilicate Proppant 1 Introduction 2 Main Part 3 Materials and Methods 4 Results and Discussions 5 Conclusion References Application of Kaniadakis κ-Statistics to Load and Impact Distributions 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Description of κ-statistics 3 An Example of Applying κ-Statistics to Wind Speed Distribution 4 Conclusion References Specifics of Applying the Fragility Theory to Technical Systems and Structures 1 Introduction 2 Graphical Representation of Fragility and Antifragility 3 A Measure of the Distribution Tails’ Sensitivity to Uncertainty 4 Mathematical Definition of Fragility 5 Application Features of the Fragility Theory 6 Conclusion References Suspended Ceiling Safety for Firefighters in Case of Fire in the Attic 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Biocidal Corrosion-Resistant Composite Coatings from Industrial Waste 1 Introduction 1.1 Steel Oxidation 1.2 Oxidation of Aluminum and Its Alloys 1.3 Metal Passivation 2 The Main Part References Influence of Modifying Additives on the Structure and Properties of Porous Geopolymer Building Materials Based on Solid Fuel Combustion Waste of Arctic Thermal Power Plants 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Part. Synthesis of Samples and Studies 3 Results and Discussions 4 Conclusion References Structural Ceramics Low-Temperature Phases Colouring Theoretical Basics and Its Colour Management 1 Introduction 2 Investigations by the NGR Method of Coloring the Phases of Low-Temperature Ceramics 3 Conclusions References Bayesian Network Modeling for Analysis and Prediction of Accidents in Railway Transportation of Dangerous Goods 1 Introduction 2 Research Methodology 2.1 Simulation of an Accident on the Railway During the Transportation of Dangerous Goods 2.2 Logical Operations AND and OR 2.3 Building Canonical Nodes “Chance-NoisyOr” 2.4 Accounting for the Wear and Tear of Railway Equipment 2.5 Testing the Model on an Example of a Real Disaster 2.6 Analysis of Calculation Results 3 Future Work 4 Conclusion References Waste from Extraction, Enrichment and Combustion of Solid Fuels is a Promising Raw Material for the Synthesis of Geopolymer Materials 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Part 3 Results and Discussions 4 Conclusion References The Possibility of Using Lithium-Containing Waste in the Russian Federation 1 Introduction 2 Battery Recycling by Type 3 Battery Recycling in Russian Federation 4 Conclusion References Artificial Intelligence for Water Supply Systems 1 Introduction 2 Main Text 3 Conclusions References Using Wheat Straw for Treatment of Urban Surface Water Run-Offs 1 Introduction 2 Objects and Methods of Research 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Sorption Properties of Composite Materials Based on Hemp Hulls and the Byproducts of Silicon Production Used to Remove Antibiotics from Wastewater 1 Introduction 2 Objects and Methods of Research 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References