Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Communications and Cyber Physical Engineering: ICCCE 2023; 2829 April, Hyderabad, India (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering Book 1096)

This book includes peer-reviewed high-quality articles presented at the 6th International Conference on Communications and Cyber-Physical Engineering (ICCCE 2023), held on April 28 and 29, 2023, at CMR Engineering College, Hyderabad, India. ICCCE is one of the most prestigious conferences conceptualized in the field of networking and communication technology offering in-depth information on the latest developments in voice, data, image, and multimedia. Discussing the latest developments in voice and data communication engineering, cyber-physical systems, network science, communication software, image, and multimedia processing research and applications, as well as communication technologies and other related technologies, it includes contributions from both academia and industry. This book is a valuable resource for scientists, research scholars, and PG students working to formulate their research ideas and find the future directions in these areas. Further, it serves as a reference work to understand the latest engineering and technologies used by practicing engineers in the field of communication engineering. Contents Alzheimer’s Disease Classification Using Brain MRI Based on 2D CNN and Transfer Learning 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Material Methods 3.1 Cnn 3.2 Resnet50 3.3 InceptionV3 3.4 Vgg16 3.5 Vgg19 4 Experiments and Results 4.1 Dataset 4.2 Analysis of the Output 4.3 Output of Our Model 5 Conclusion References Arabica Coffee Bean Grading into Specialty and Commodity Type Based on Quality Using Visual Inspection 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Methodology 3.1 Data Collection and Preprocessing 3.2 Model Flow 4 Experiment 5 Conclusion References Innovative Method for Assessing Optimal Power Flow and SVC Performance Using the ABC Algorithm 1 Introduction 2 The Formulation of the OPF's Problems 2.1 SVC Model 2.2 Optimal Power Flow 2.3 Sensitivity Analysis 3 The Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm Description 4 Test Results and Discussion 4.1 Case.1 IEEE 11-Bus Test Systems 4.2 Case.2 IEEE 30-Bus Test Systems 5 Conclusions References Design and Development of Leaf Disease Detection Using the ML and Open CV for Tomato Plants 1 Introduction 2 Literature 3 Proposed System System Architecture 4 Implementation of the Proposed System 5 Results 6 Conclusion and Future Scope References Employee Productivity Monitoring Tool-Analytics in Teleworking 1 Introduction 2 Planning 3 Requirements 4 Modules 4.1 Leave Management Module 5 Working 6 Code 7 Diagrams and Figures 8 Conclusion References Design and Implementation of Adders and Multipliers for DSP Applications 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Adders Utilized for Design of Filters 3.1 Ripple Carry Adder (RCA) 3.2 Carry Look Ahead Adder (CLAA) 3.3 Carry Save Adder (CSA) 3.4 Kogge-Stone Adder (KGA) 3.5 Brent Kung Adder (BKA) 4 Multipliers for Design of FIR Filters 4.1 Booth Multiplier 4.2 Vedic Multiplier 4.3 Wallace Multiplier 4.4 Dadda Multiplier 4.5 Array Multiplier 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Early Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease Using Medical Imaging: A Review of Intelligent Approaches 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results 4 Discussions 5 Conclusions References A Deep Learning Framework for Kidney Stone Prediction 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Methodology 3.1 Vgg16 3.2 ResNet-50 3.3 Convolutional Neural Networks 4 Results and Discussions 5 Conclusion References Review of VLSI Architecture of Cryptography Algorithm for IOT Security 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Conclusions References Heart Disease Prediction Using ML and DL Approaches 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Results 4 Conclusion References A Cross Design for Breast Cancer Prediction 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Additional Information Required from Authors 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Detection and Recognition of License Plates Using Color Image Processing 1 Introduction 2 Detection and Recognition of License Plates Using Color Image Processing 2.1 Detection of License Plates 2.2 Recognition of License Plates 2.3 Localization of License Plates 3 Discussion 4 Conclusion References An Experimental Study on Denoising the Images with Autoencoders 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Proposed Methodology 3.1 CDAE by Using Pooling Operations 4 Results 5 Conclusion References Cotton Plant Disease Detection: A Review 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Applications of Cotton Plant Disease Detection 4 Conclusion References An Efficient Methodology for Identifying the Similarity Between Languages with Levenshtein Distance 1 Introduction 1.1 WordNet 1.2 NLTK 2 Related Work 3 Proposed Technique 3.1 String Similarity 3.2 Sequence Matcher 3.3 Levenshtein Distance 3.4 Fuzzy-Wuzzy 3.5 Spacy 4 Results 5 Conclusion References A Traffic Prediction Model Based on Multi Stream Feature Fusion 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Architecture and Dataflow 4 Process with Flow Charts 5 Conclusion References Detection and Classification of Brain Tumor Using Convolutional Neural Network 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 2.1 Overview of the Proposed System 3 Methodology 4 Experiments and Results 5 Conclusion References Design of Wireless Sensor-Based Automation System for Laboratory Using Internet of Things 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Methodology of Proposed Model 3.1 Hardware Requirements 4 Experimental Results 5 Conclusion References Design and Implementation of Booth Multiplier with Sklansky and Ling Adders 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Existing System 4 Kogge Stone Adder 5 Proposed Method 5.1 Sklansky Adder 5.2 Implementing Booth Multiplier with Sklansky Adder 6 Ling Adder 7 Results 8 Performance Comparison 9 Conclusion References Siddu: Decentralized Authorization with Zero Trust 1 Introduction 2 Background 2.1 Identity-Based Encryption 2.2 Distributed Hash Table 2.3 Macaroons 2.4 Zero Trust 3 Threat Model 4 Related Work 5 System Model 5.1 Users 5.2 Invitations and Attestations 5.3 Revocations 5.4 Proof Objects 5.5 Election 5.6 Scenario: User Creation 5.7 Scenario: Resource Assignment 5.8 Scenario: Assignment Revocation 5.9 Scenario: Joining the Network 6 Result, Performance and Security Assessment 7 Conclusion References Smart Contract-Based Blockchain Technique for Logistic Shipping Management System 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed Method 4 Results 5 Conclusion References Design of an Interline Power Flow Controller Using Advanced Simulation Tools 1 Introduction 2 Basic Types of Facts Controllers 2.1 Basic Principles of Interline Power Flow Controller 3 Modelling of IPFC Controllers 4 Results of Simulation 5 Model of Closed Loop IPFC 6 Conclusion References An Efficient Approach for Smart Cold Storage Management System Using IoT 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Proposed System 4 Implementation 5 Conclusion and Future Scope References Detection and Monitoring of Hazards in Mining Using IoT Based Intelligent Helmet 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Proposed System 4 Implementation 5 Conclusion and Future Scope References Crop Prediction Using Machine Learning Approaches 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Methodology 3.1 Data Collection 4 Crop Recommendations 5 Conclusion 6 Future Scope References Smart Campus System 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Block Diagram 4 Working 5 Results 6 Conclusion 7 Future Scope References NNDcn-Neural Network Based Deep Crowd Network for Crowd Count 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed Solution 3.1 Model Architecture 3.2 Model Training 4 Experiment 4.1 Evaluation Metrics 4.2 Dataset 4.3 Results 5 Conclusion and Future Scope References A Voice-Assisted Walking Support for Visually Impaired People Utilizing an Wearable Sensor Network 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 3.1 Existing System 3.2 Proposed Methods 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 GPS Functionality 5 Conclusion and Future Scope References License Plate Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Techniques 1 Introduction 2 License Plate Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Techniques 2.1 Artificial Neural Networks 2.2 Back Propagation (BP) Neural Network 2.3 Convolutional Neural Network 2.4 Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) 3 Discussion 4 Conclusion References Lung Nodule Classification and Detection Using SVM-CAD 1 Introduction 2 Related Works and Existing Methods 2.1 Image Enhancement and Nodule Localization 2.2 Image Partitioning 3 Proposed System 3.1 Pre-processing 3.2 Segmentation 3.3 Feature Extraction 3.4 Classification 3.5 Testing Phase 4 Results on LIDC Dataset 5 Conclusion References A Sparse Code Multiple Access for 5G Radiotransmission 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Proposed System 3.1 Codebook Mapping 3.2 Multiple Access Technique 4 Implementation of Algorithms 4.1 MPA Algorithm 4.2 Max-Log-MPA Algorithm 4.3 Log-MPA Algorithm 5 Advanced Receivers 6 Results 6.1 Simulation Parameters 6.2 Input Data 6.3 Output Data 7 Conclusion References The Rise of AI and ML in Financial Technology: An In-depth Study of Trends and Challenges 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion and Future Work 5.1 Future Work Appendix 1: Glossary of Key Terms Appendix 2: List of Key Fintech Companies Using AI and ML Appendix 3: List of Challenges and Opportunities in Integrating AI and ML in Fintech References Wireless TCP Congestion Control Based on Loss Discrimination Approach Using Machine Learning 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Methodology 4 Working Flow 5 Proposed Methodology 6 Sample Snapshot of Work with Testbed 7 Performance Evaluation 8 Conclusion References Automated Dialogue-Based Response and Resolution of Conversational IT Tickets Using Deep Neural Networks 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed Methodology 4 Dataset 5 Preprocessing and Classification 6 Bert 7 Algorithm-Pseudocode 8 Dnn 9 Algorithm—Pseudocode 10 Lstm 11 Algorithm—Pseudocode 12 Results 13 Conclusion References A Novel Dish Recognition Method Using Deep Learning 1 Introduction 2 Review of Similar Methodology 3 Components and Techniques 4 Results of Experiment and Discussions 5 Conclusion References Design and Performance Analysis of Multi-Band Band Pass Filter Using Meander-Line Resonator 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Methodology 3.1 Existing Methodology 3.2 Proposed Methodology 3.3 Design and Implementation of Filter 4 Results 5 Conclusion References Design of Trisection Based Band Pass Filter for 5g Communication 1 Introduction 2 The Design and Implementation of the Trisection Bandpass 2.1 The Design of Low Pass Filter 2.2 Design and Analysis of the Lumped Element BPF 2.3 Trisection Based BPF Design 3 Performance Computation and Estimation of the Suggested Filter 4 Conclusion References Personality Detection for Recruitment Using Machine Learning 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Personality Tests 3.1 MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator) 3.2 Ocean 4 Proposed Model 5 Methodology 5.1 Dataset 5.2 Process and Implementation 6 Results and Discussions 6.1 Handwriting Images 6.2 MBTI Dataset 7 Conclusion References A Review on Quantum Machine Learning 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Quantum Machine Learning 3.1 Linear Regression 3.2 Clustering 3.3 Principal Component Analysis 3.4 Support Vector Machine (SVM) 4 Conclusions and Prospects References Implementation of Band Pass Filter for Satellite Communications Using CSRR Technique 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Proposed Method 4 Results and Analysis 4.1 S-Parametric Results 5 Conclusion References Binary Classification for Video Forgery Detection Using REWIND Data Set 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Proposed Method 3.1 Description of Model: Logistic Regression 3.2 Experiment and Result 4 Conclusion References Hand Gesture Detection Using Deep Learning in Bharat Natyam 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 4 Results References Detection and Classification of Skin Cancer Using Back Propagation Ann 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Proposed Method 4 Experimentation Environment 5 Conclusion References Building an Efficient Product Recommender System 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Implementation 4 Experimental Results 5 Conclusion and Future Work References A Comprehensive Analysis on Inter-Frame and Intra-Frame Video Forgery Detection Techniques 1 Introduction 1.1 Active Approach 1.2 Passive Approach 1.3 Types of Digital Video Forgery 2 Literature Survey 3 Conclusion References Enhancing Power Generation Using Efficient Smart Solar Tracker 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Design 4 Implementation 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion and Future Work References E-Voting Using Block Chain Technology and OTP Generation 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Design 4 Implementation 4.1 Admin 4.2 Voter 5 Experimental Results 6 Conclusion and Future Work References Effective Prediction of Brain Tumor Using Machine Learning Algorithms 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Design 3.1 Dataset 3.2 Algorithms Used 4 Implementation 5 Results 6 Conclusion and Future Work References Detection of Phishing Page Using Machine Learning and Response HTML 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Literature Review 4 Proposed Method 5 Conclusion 6 Future Enhancement References A Comparison Study of Abnormal Human Activity Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Result 4 Conclusion and Future Work References Implementation of High Speed DDR3 SDRAM Memory Controller by Using XILINX Software 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Existing System 4 Experimental Results of an Existing Method 5 Proposed System 6 Software and Hardware Requirement 7 Results 8 Conclusion References Heart Stroke Risk Prediction Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithm 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Methodology 4 Implementation Modules 4.1 Users 4.2 Data Collection 4.3 Attribute-Based Value Selection 4.4 Pre-Processing of Data 4.5 Admin 4.6 Logistic Regression Classifiers 4.7 Naive Bayes 4.8 SVM 4.9 K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) 5 Conclusion 6 Future Scope References Layoffs Analysis and Prediction Using Machine Learning Algorithms 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Work Flow 4 Methodology 4.1 Data Collection 4.2 Data Processing 4.3 Evaluation Metrics 4.4 Lasso Least Angle Regression 4.5 Lasso Regression 4.6 Elastic Net 4.7 Lasso Residuals 5 Results and Predictions 6 Conclusion References Fighting Fake Visual Media: A Study of Current and Emerging Methods for Detecting Image and Video Tampering 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Concepts Related to Visual Media Manipulation and Detection Methods 3.1 Image Manipulation 3.2 Video Manipulation 4 Major Dataset for Image and Video Manipulation 5 Some Popular Algorithms for Image and Video Tampering Detection 6 Research Challenges 7 Conclusion and Future Scope References A Review on Blockchain Technology in Health Care Systems 1 Introduction 2 Applications of Blockchain Technology in Healthcare 2.1 Electronic Health Records (EHR) 2.2 Clinical Research 2.3 Medical Supply Chain Management 3 Benefits and Challenges in Blockchain 3.1 Security and Privacy of Data 3.2 Managing Storage Capacity 3.3 Interoperability Issues 3.4 Standardization Challenge 4 Conclusion and Future Scope References Proposed Model for Detection of Pneumonia Using Deep Learning 1 Introduction 2 Research Objective 3 Related Work 4 Proposed Work 5 Implementation 5.1 Evaluation of TAPD Model 5.2 Score of TAPD Model 5.3 Sample X-Ray Images 5.4 Measure Precision and Recall 5.5 Model Validation Accuracy 5.6 Model Validation Loss 5.7 Confusion Matrix 6 Conclusion References Deep Learning and Patch Processing Based Lung Cancer Detection on CT Images 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Proposed Methodology 3.1 Input CT Lung Image 3.2 Image Enhancement 3.3 Segmentation 3.4 Feature Extraction 3.5 Classification of Lung Cancer Using CNN 3.6 Attributes Calculation 4 Simulation Results References Study of Various Machine Learning Algorithms Applied to Predict Agricultural Crop Production: A Review Paper 1 Introduction 2 Machine Learning Techniques Used in Agriculture 3 Conclusion References Churn Prediction Model Using EDA 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology of Churn Prediction 3.1 Architecture Diagram 4 Implementation 4.1 Exploratory Data Analysis 4.2 Model Building 4.3 Model Deployment 5 Results 6 Conclusion References Object Detection the Usage of YOLOV5: A Deep Learning Approach 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Literature Review 4 Methodology 5 Experimentation 6 Results 7 Conclusion 8 Discussions 9 Future Work References Machine Learning Forecast of Metro Interstate Traffic Volume 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Proposal of Work: 3.1 Data Collection and Feature Selection 3.2 Model Selection 3.3 Random Forest Regressor and Xgboost Regressor 3.4 Training Data and Testing Data 3.5 Model evaluation and Deployment 3.6 Input Testing and Output Prediction 4 Results and Analysis 5 Conclusion 6 Future Scope References Pedestrian Detection Using Transfer Learning for Intelligent Vehicle Systems 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Dataset Description 4 Methodology 4.1 MobileNet_v2 4.2 XceptionNet 4.3 ResNet101 4.4 DenseNet169 4.5 Vgg16 4.6 Vgg19 5 Results 6 Conclusion and Future Scope References Imge Enhancement with Rope Method 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Methodology 3.1 Existing Method 3.2 Proposed Method 4 Results 5 Conclusion References Performance Analysis of Optimization Algorithms for Energy Efficient Routing Mechanism in WSN 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Route Discovery Mechanism Using Meta-Heuristic Algorithms 3.1 Route Discovery Using ACO Algorithm for WSN 3.2 Route Discovery Using MACO Algorithm for WSN 3.3 Route Discovery Using PSO Algorithm for WSN 4 Experimental Scenario and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Detecting and Alerting Driver’s Drowsines Using Deep Learning Techniques 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Proposed Method 4 Results 5 Conclusion References Aspect Based Sentiment Analysis for Hotel Services in Afaan Oromo Text Using Deep Learning 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Methodologies 3.1 Data Collection 3.2 Aspect Based Sentimental Analysis Modeling 4 Model Implementation 4.1 Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) 4.2 Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) 4.3 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) 4.4 Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) 4.5 Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-LSTM) 5 Result and Discussion 5.1 Aspect Category Classifier Result 5.2 Sentiment Polarity Classifier Result 5.3 Model Testing Using New Input Data 5.4 Discussions 6 Conclusion and Future Works References An Improved Image Descriptor for Image Classification and CBIR Applications 1 Introduction 1.1 Features in CBIR 2 Literature Review 3 Proposed Methodology 3.1 Query Image 3.2 Classification 3.3 Feature Extraction 3.4 Image Database 3.5 Similarity Measure 3.6 Retrieved Images 4 Simulation Results 5 Conclusion References An Automatic Detection of Retinal Lesions for Screening of Diabetic Retinopathy 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Proposed Methodology 3.1 Spatial Calibration 3.2 Image Preprocessing 3.3 Disc Removal 3.4 Candidate Extraction 3.5 Classification 4 Simulation Results 4.1 Normal Images 4.2 Abnormal Images 5 Conclusion References An Unsupervised Spectral-Spatial Feature Extraction Method for Hyperspectral Image Classification 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Proposed Methodology 3.1 Proposed Methodology 3.2 Feature Extraction (PCA + SSA) 3.3 Classification 4 Simulation Results 5 Conclusion References Sentiment Analysis of Steam Reviews Using Transformer Models 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Proposed System 3.1 Methodology 4 Discussions and Results 5 Conclusion References Face Recognition and OTP Based Security Lock System 1 Introduction 2 Implementation 3 Results 4 Conclusion References Design and Implementation of Microstrip Patch Antenna Using HFSS for Medical Applications 1 Introduction 2 Microstrip Patch Antenna 3 Results and Discussion 4 Design Methodology 5 Conclusion References A Hybrid Model for the Detection and Classification of Cardiovascular Diseases Based on Deep Learning and Optimization Techniques 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Proposed Method 3.1 ECG Signals 3.2 Buffering 3.3 Clustering 3.4 Optimization 3.5 Fusion 3.6 Classification 3.7 Attributes Calculation 4 Simulation Results References Significance and Challenges in Blockchain-Based Secure Sharing of Healthcare Data 1 Introduction 2 Significant Attributes of BlockchainTechnology 2.1 Background Details of Blockchain 2.2 Types of Blockchain Methodologies 3 Blockchain in Healthcare Data 3.1 Concept of Security Storage and Access via Block Chain 3.2 Blockchain with IOMT 3.3 Blockchain-Based IOMT Models 4 Key Challenges in Data Sharing via Blockchain 5 Conclusions References The Interview Master to Predict Personality Traits 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Methodology 3.1 LSTM Model 3.2 CNN Model Using Keras Library 3.3 Haar Cascade Classifier 3.4 Text Ranking Algorithm 3.5 Accuracy and Precision 4 Implementation 4.1 Module Description 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusions References Binary Classification of Fundus Images Using G-EYE for Disease Detection 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Architecture of G-EYE Model 3.1 Developing Device 3.2 Standardization 3.3 Classification 4 Results and Discussions 5 Conclusion References Integrating Image Processing and Convolution Neural Networks for Water Quality Detection 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Methodology 3.1 Data Acquisition 3.2 Overview 4 Proposed Approach 4.1 Image Acquisition and Pre-processing 4.2 Data Augmentation 4.3 Proposed CNN Model 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Deep Learning Paradigm for Time Series Stock Prediction 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Methodology 3.1 Architecture of Time Series Stock Prediction 3.2 Modules 4 Results and Discussions 5 Conclusion References Student Surveillance System for Detecting Abnormal Incidents in the Campus using Deep Learning 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Methodology 4 Dataset Preparation 5 Implementation 5.1 CNN Model 6 Results 7 Conclusions References Identification of Disfluency Among Children Using Efficient Machine Learning Techniques 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Data Collection and Description 3.1 Dataset Collection 3.2 Description of Collected Dataset 4 Data Annotation 4.1 Description of Annotation 4.2 Label Creation 5 Experiments and Results 5.1 Support Vector Machine (SVM) 5.2 K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) 6 Discussions and Conclusion References Multi-class Pixel Level Segmentation for Drivable Road Detection 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 Road Detection Using Sensors 2.2 Road Detection Using Machine Vision Techniques 2.3 Road Detection Based on Road Division 2.4 Road Detection Using Dense Prediction 3 Proposed Methodology 3.1 Architecture 3.2 Description of the Algorithm Used Res-Net 50 4 Implementation of Modules 4.1 Data Preprocessing 4.2 Multi-class Pixel-Level Annotations 4.3 End-To-End Semantic Segmentation 4.4 Convolution Neural Network 5 Results 5.1 Accuracy and Metrics 5.2 Comparative Study 6 Conclusion and Future Enhancements References Enhancement of Low-Resolution Remote Sensing Images Using ANN 1 Introduction 2 Literature Survey 3 Methodology 3.1 CLAHE 3.2 Algorithm 4 Implementation 4.1 Dataset 4.2 Algorithm 5 Results and Discussions 5.1 Performance Measures 6 Conclusions References Retina Capturing Using Portable Device and Classification of Images for Prevalence of Eye Disease 1 Introduction 2 G Eye Model 3 Results and Discussions 4 Conclusions and Future Enhancements References Image Analysis for Human Trafficking Prediction 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Preliminaries 4 Proposed Solution 4.1 DataFlow Diagram 5 Implementation 6 Results 7 Comparison 8 Conclusion References Exploration of Factors of Green Marketing 1 Introduction 1.1 Objective of Research 1.2 Challenges to ‘Green Marketing’ 1.3 Effective Green Marketing Initiatives 2 Research Background 3 Conceptual Insight of Green Marketing Strategies 3.1 Model Building for Green Marketing Strategies 3.2 Regression Weights: (Group Number 1—Default Model) 4 Conclusion References Impact of Adolescents on Buying Behaviour 1 Introduction 1.1 Decision-Making Process 2 Review of Literature 2.1 Review Study 3 SEM Model Estimation for Adolescents on Buying Behaviour 4 Conclusion References Criminal Identification and Comprehensive Analysis Using Decision Tree Classifier 1 Introduction 1.1 Crime and Its Pattern 2 Methodology 2.1 Domain overviews 2.2 Statement of Problems 2.3 Proposed Methodology 2.4 Data Exploration 3 Decision Tree 4 Investigation Model 5 Proposed Framework 6 Proposed Algorithms 7 Data Modelling, Tools and Platform 8 Proposed Techniques 8.1 Criminal Identification Using Deep Learning 8.2 Deep Learning Based DT 8.3 Visual Exploration of Data 8.4 Prediction Using Decision-Tree-Classifier (DTC) 8.5 Criminal Face Identification Using SVM 9 Criminal Faces Detection Using Decision-Tree-Classifier (DTC) 10 Findings of the Research 11 Conclusion References Fraudulent Product Identification System Using Blockchain 1 Introduction 1.1 Motivation 1.2 Objective 2 Related Work 2.1 Summary of Literary Works 2.2 Outcome of Literature Review 2.3 Problem Statement 2.4 Research Objectives 3 Methodology 3.1 Detailed Design Methodology 4 Results 5 Conclusion References