Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Experimental and Computational Mechanics in Engineering : ICECME 2020, Banda Aceh, October 13–14

This book gathers a selection of peer-reviewed papers presented at the 2nd International Conference on Experimental and Computational Mechanics in Engineering (ICECME 2020), held as a virtual conference and organized by Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, on 13–14 October 2020. The contributions, prepared by international scientists and engineers, cover the latest advances in computational mechanics, metallurgy and material science, energy systems, manufacturing processing systems, industrial and system engineering, biomechanics, artificial intelligence, micro/nano-engineering, micro-electro-mechanical system, machine learning, mechatronics, and engineering design. The book is intended for academics, including graduate students and researchers, as well as industrial practitioners working in the areas of experimental and computational mechanics. Preface Contents 1 Effect of Densification Pressure on Physical and Combustion Properties of Binderless Briquettes Made from Rice-Husk and Coffee-Pulp Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Methods 2.1 Preparation of Bio-briquettes 2.2 Briquettes Testing and Characterization 3 Result and Discussion 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 2 Characteristics of Lightweight Bricks Composed of Clay and Diatomite Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Program 3 Experimental Results and Discussion 3.1 The Variation of Experimental Data 3.2 Apparent Density 3.3 Specific Gravity 3.4 Water Absorption 3.5 Compressive Strength 4 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 3 Thermal Characteristics of Oil Palm Wood and Ramie Fiber as Raw Materials for Thermal Insulation Bio Board Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Experimental 2.1 Materials 2.2 Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) 2.3 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 4 Effect of Soil Composition on the Corrosion Rate of Underground Water Distribution Pipes in Natural Environment Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Experimental 2.1 Material 2.2 Resistivity Test 2.3 Corrosion Test 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 Soil Texture 3.2 Corrosion Rate 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 5 Finite Element Model of Magnetic Induction Tomography for Low Conductivity Sample Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Finite Element Model for Magnetic Induction Tomography 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 Eddy Current Distribution for Varying Bone Shape 3.2 Eddy Current Distribution for Varying Bone Diameter 3.3 Eddy Current Distribution for the Different Bone Location 3.4 Eddy Current Distribution for Different Conductivity of Tissue Model 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 6 Airside Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop on the Spiral Finned-Tube Compact Heat Exchanger with Sharp Turns Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Set Up 3 Data Reduction 4 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion References 7 Preparation of Chitosan-Silver Nanoparticles Immobilized onto Pumice for Antibacterial Testing Against Escherichia coli Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Preparation of Pumice 2.2 Preparation of Chitosan Solution 2.3 Immobilization of Silver Nanoparticles onto Chitosan Coated Pumice 2.4 Antibacterial Activity 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 Immobilization of Chitosan-Silver Nanoparticle onto Pumice 3.2 UV-Vis Spectrum of AgNPs and SEM Analysis of AgNPs-[Chi-Pumice] 3.3 Antibacterial Test 4 Conclusion References 8 Study of the Effect Sudu Length on Electricity Power Generated by Wind Speed in Banda Aceh Beach Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Experimental Results 3.1 The Effect of Wind Speed on the Electric Voltage with 3 Blades at a Blade Length of 1.25, 1.50 and 1.75 m Is Shown in Fig. 2 Below 3.2 The Effect of Wind Speed on the Electric Voltage with 4 Blades at a Blade Length of 1.25, 1.50 and 1.75 m Is Shown in Fig. 3 Below 3.3 The Effect of Wind Speed on Electric Power with 3 Blades at a Blade Length of 1.25, 1.50 and 1.75 m Is Shown in Fig. 4 Below 3.4 The Effect of Wind Speed on Electric Power with 4 Blades at a Blade Length of 1.25, 1.50 and 1.75 m Is Shown in Fig. 5 Below 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References 9 Study of Temperature Uniformity on the Multi-shelf Type Drying System Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Set Up 2.1 Research Tools 2.2 The Test of the Dryer 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 The Test Result 3.1.1 Measurement of Temperature Distribution in the Heating Channel 3.1.2 Measurement of Temperature Distribution in the Drying Chamber The Vertical Temperature Distribution of the Drying Chamber Horizontal Temperature Distribution of the Drying Chamber 3.2 The Drying System Performance Test 3.3 Discussion 4 Conclusion References 10 Design and Analysis of Automatic Fish Dryer Prototype Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Mechanical Design 2.2 CFD Simulation 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 Mechanical Design 3.1.1 Heating Load Calculation 3.1.2 Shaft Calculation 3.1.3 Electrical Motor Selection 3.1.4 Bearing Calculation 3.1.5 Calculation of Pulley and v-Belt Transmission 3.1.6 Drying Time 3.1.7 Actual and Theoretical Comparison 3.2 CFD Simulation of Drying Performance 3.2.1 Drying Mass Flow Rate 3.2.2 Effectiveness Level 4 Conclusion References 11 Experimental Study the Effect of Reduction Temperature of Iron Ore Briquettes on Minimum Energy of Reduction Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Method 2.1 Samples Preparations 2.2 Experimental Set Up 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Effect of Temperature on Mass Reduction 3.2 Effect of Temperature on Reduction Rate 3.3 Activation Energy 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 12 Techno-Economic Analysis for Energy Fulfillment in the University Farm Abstract 1 Introduction 1.1 Absorption of Solar Radiation by PV Modules 1.2 Wind Energy Conversion System 1.3 Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) 2 Research Methods 2.1 Load and Energy Resources 2.1.1 Electrical Load 2.1.2 Solar Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) Resource 2.1.3 Wind Resource 2.1.4 Fuel Resource 2.2 Hybrid System Components 2.2.1 Wind Turbine 2.2.2 Photovoltaic 2.2.3 Generator 2.2.4 Storage Batteries 2.2.5 Converter 3 Results and Discussions 3.1 Sensitivity Cases Analysis 3.2 Optimization Results 4 Conclusion References 13 Thermal Performance of a Heat-Pipe Evacuated-Tube Solar Collector Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Setup 3 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 14 An Experimental Model for the Prediction of Chip Thickness in Steel Turning Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Procedure 3 Results and Discussion 4 The Validation of the Optimal Experimental Results 5 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 15 The Effect of Atmosphere Media on Temperature and Mass of Torrefacted Coffee Beans Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Research Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 16 Boundary Element Inverse Analysis (BEIA) Simulation for Detecting Corrosion Location in Reinforced Concrete Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 17 Performance of Ultrasonic Atomization on Mini Sea Water Humidification and Dehumidification Technology Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Testing Method and Experimental 3.1 Materials and Equipments 3.2 Experimental Setup 3.3 Measurement Procedure and Data Analysis 4 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 18 Experimental Research of Solar Cooker with High Solar Energy Concentration Using Parabolic Dish Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Experimental Set Up 2.2 Procedure 3 Results and Discussions 4 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 19 Investigation the Effect of Concrete Element Size on the Potential Distribution of RC Cathodic Protection Simulation Using BEM 3D Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Research Method 3 Case Study 4 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion References 20 Design and Calibration of Temperature Monitoring Device for a Cold Box with Hydrated Salts as Phase Change Material (PCM) Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Method 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Design and Installation of Monitoring Device 3.2 Calibration 3.3 PCM Temperature Profiles 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements Appendix 1: The Main Program of the PCM Temperature Monitoring Device Appendix 2: The Output Setting Program References 21 Stress Analysis of the LN2 Storage Container on Head and Nozzles Using Finite Element Method Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Discussion 4 Conclusion References 22 Using QFD and FMEA to Improve Maintenance Effectiveness in a Petroleum Refinery Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodologies 3.1 The Application of QFD 3.1.1 Customer Requirements (CRs) Collections 3.1.2 Prioritization of Customer Requirements 3.1.3 Quality Planning Assessment 3.1.4 Relationship Matrix CRs-TAs 3.1.5 Quality Designing 3.1.6 House of Quality 3.2 FMEA Application 4 Discussion 4.1 Solutions for Technical Attribute Improvement 4.2 Solutions for Maintenance Effectiveness Improvement 5 Conclusions References 23 Maintenance Strategy for Engine Oil 100-Ton Truck Using Taguchi Method at Coal Mining Company Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodologies 3.1 Data Collection Method 3.2 Data Analysis 4 Discussion 4.1 Estimated Average of Elements 4.1.1 Estimated Results for Optimum Conditions 4.1.2 Estimation of Results in Alternative Conditions (New Formula Oil with No Filter Replacement) Estimation of Oil Condition Response Variables 4.2 Estimation Test Validation Results 4.3 Comparison of Estimated Results for Optimum Conditions and Alternative Conditions 5 Conclusions References 24 Effect of Pineapple Leaf Fiber Volume Fraction with 157 BQTN-EX as a Matrix on the Tensile Strength of the Composite Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Experimental 2.1 Material 2.2 Preparation of Specimens 2.3 Methods 3 Results and Discussions 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 25 The Effect of Tool Angles on Welding Temperature in Friction Stir Lap Welding Process on AA1100 Aluminum Sheet Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Material and Method 2.1 Material 3 Analysis and Testing Techniques 3.1 Result and Discussion 4 Conclusion References 26 Slow Pyrolysis of Areca-Nut Fibres in a-Pilot Scale Batch Reactor Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Methods 3 Result and Discussion 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 27 Stress Analysis on an Automotive Lower Arm Steered on the Straight and Turning Roads Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Material and Method 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 328 Quality Improvement in a Multi-cavity Injection Moulding Process Using Response Surface Methodology Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Experimental Design for Characterization Phase 2.2 Optimisation Phase with Response Surface Methodology 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 DOE Characterization 3.1.1 Significant Factors for Warpage 3.1.2 Significant Factors for Flash 3.2 Analysis of Variance 3.3 Optimum Process Setting Through Response Surface Model 3.4 Optimal Overlaid Plot 3.5 Confirmation Run 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 29 Stress and Strain Analysis of the Traditional Boat Jaloe Kayoh Made of Composite Materials with Centered Loading Using the Finite Element Method Abstract 1 Background 2 Literature Review 2.1 Jute Fiber 2.2 The Jaloe Kayoh 2.3 FEM (Finite Element Method) 2.4 Stress 2.5 Strain 3 Methodology 3.1 Material 3.2 Testing Procedure 3.2.1 Design 3.2.2 Application of Materials 3.2.3 Constraint 3.2.4 Determining the Boundary Condition and Load 3.2.5 Meshing 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Stress Simulation 4.2 Strain Simulation 5 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 30 Numerical Analysis of Traditional Aceh Fishing Boat with Various Scenario Loading and Hull Thickness, Manufacturing by Metal Plasma Cutting and Welding Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Method and Parameters 3 Result Analysis 4 Conclusions Acknowledgement References 31 A Simple Low-Cost Apparatus for of Single Fiber Tensile Strength Measurement Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Apparatus Set-Up and Data Acquisition 2.1 Apparatus Set-Up and Components 2.2 Data Acquisition 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Load Calibration 3.2 Strain vs. Time Relationship 3.3 Ultimate Tensile Strength 3.4 Limitation 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 32 Three Dimensional Modeling Fractured Bone Reconstruction Using CT Scan Images Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References 33 FAE Analysis of Boat Propeller with Differences of Loading Conditions and Manufacturing by Casting Process Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Method and Parameters 3 Result Analysis 4 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 34 A Novel Analysis on Ethanol Droplets Heated by Electromagnetic Energy Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Research Method 2.1 Ethanol Fuel 2.2 Injector and Heating Zone Geometries 2.3 Experimental Conditions 2.4 An Image Analyze and Droplet Sizing Mechanism 3 Result and Analysis 4 Conclusion References 35 CFD Investigation on Aerodynamic Characteristics and Performance of Windmill Aerator Type Savonius Four Blade Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Method and Parameters 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 Experiment 3.2 Simulation 3.3 Simulation and Experiment 4 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 36 The Influence of Triple Tube Heat Exchanger as a Liquid Collecting System on Bio-oil Production by Pyrolysis Process Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Material and Sample Preparation 2.2 Experimental Setup 2.3 Experimental Variation 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 Product Yield 3.2 Heat Absorbed by Cooling Water in the Heat Exchanger 4 Conclusion References 37 Experimental Study of Thermoelectric Cooler Box Using Heat Sink with Vapor Chamber as Hot Side Cooling Device Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Method and Material 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 38 The Application of R Software as a Statistical Tool for Mechanical Data Clustering Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Method 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 39 Optimization of Struvite Batch Crystallization Reactor for Recovery Process from Urea Fertilizer Plant Wastewater Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Characteristic of Wastewaster 2.2 Struvite Precipitation Process 2.3 Analytical Methods 3 Results and Discussions 3.1 Efficiency of Ammonium Removal 3.2 Amount of Struvite Product Obtained 3.3 Product Characterization 4 Conclusions References 40 Image Processing, Symbolic PDE Computing, and FEA: A Simulation Study of Stress Distribution in Heterogeneous Material Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 The Algorithm 2.2 Elasticity Model 2.3 Heterogeneous Model and Mesh 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Deformation 3.2 Stress Distribution 4 Conclusion References 41 The Effect of Filter Size Rating and Oil Operating Hour on Hydraulic Oil Contamination Control Using a Developed off Board Filtering System Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methodologies 2.1 Data Collection Method 2.2 Data Analysis 3 Discussion 3.1 Taguchi Analysis of PC06 Response 3.1.1 Orthogonal Array on PC06 Response 3.1.2 Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) on PC06 Response 3.1.3 ANOVA on PC06 Response 3.1.4 Large Factor Contributions 3.1.5 Response SNR on PC06 3.1.6 PC06 and SNR Predictions 3.2 Taguchi Analysis of PC14 Response 3.2.1 Orthogonal Array on PC14 Response 3.2.2 Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) on PC14 Response 3.2.3 ANOVA on PC14 Response 3.2.4 Large Factor Contributions 3.2.5 Response SNR on PC14 3.2.6 PC14 and SNR Predictions 3.3 Taguchi Analysis of V100 Response 3.3.1 Orthogonal Array on V100 Response 3.3.2 Signal to Noise Ratio (S/R) on V100 Response 3.3.3 ANOVA on V100 Response 3.3.4 Large Factor Contributions 3.3.5 Response SNR on V100 3.3.6 V100 and SNR Predictions 4 Conclusions References 42 A Study on the Effect of Chimney Roof Angle Towards Temperature Uniformity on Multilevel Dryer Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Research Methodology 2.1 Method 2.2 Test Equipment 2.3 Variable Observed 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 The Influence of the Start-up on the Temperature Distribution of the Dryer 3.1.1 The Influence of the Start-Up on the Temperature Distribution of the Guide Flows (Inside Wall) 3.1.2 The Influence of the Start-Up on the Temperature Distribution of the Drying Chamber 3.1.3 The Effect of Start-up on Temperature Distribution in Chimneys (Inside Chimney) 3.2 The Effect of Chimney Angle on Temperature Distribution 3.2.1 Effect of Chimney Angle on Temperature Distribution in Heating/Guide Flows 3.2.2 Effect of Chimney Angle on Temperature Distribution in Drying Chamber 3.2.3 Effect of Chimney Angle on Temperature Distribution in Chimney 3.3 Discussion 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 43 The Effect of Hardening on Mechanical Properties of Low Alloy Steel Grinding Media Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Chemical Analysis 3.2 Microstructure 3.3 Mechanical Properties of Low Alloy Steel 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 44 Fly Ash Utilization in Rigid Pavement Construction Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Rigid Pavement 2.2 Rigid Pavement with Cement-Treated Subbase (CTSB) 2.3 CTSB Element 2.4 Lightweight Concrete 2.5 Fly Ash 2.6 Compressive and Flexural Strength 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 Materials 3.2 Methods 3.2.1 Specimen Manufacture and Maintenance 3.2.2 Compressive Strength Test 4 Results 5 Conclusions References 45 Feature Variations on the Cartesian 3D Print Machine Using Vibration and Sound Signal Readings Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Research Methods 2.1 Specimen Design 2.2 Research Testing Tool Settings 2.3 3D Print Operation Parameters 2.4 Data Analysis 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References 46 The Development of Two Wheel Mobil Robot: Generated Path Using Simulation and Actual Path of Mobile Robot Are Compared Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Kinematics and Dynamics of Mobile Robot 2.1 Kinematics 2.1.1 Control Input for Mobile Robot 2.1.2 Instantaneous Curvature and Linear Motion 2.2 Dynamics 2.2.1 Lagrangian Mechanics 2.2.2 Mobile Robot Dynamic 3 Design of the Chassis 4 Mobile Robot Modeling 4.1 Robot Kinematics 4.2 Robot Dynamics 5 Development of Mobile Robot 6 Simulation Results 7 Experiment Results 7.1 Comparison Graphs 7.2 Position and Curvature Errors 8 Conclusion References 47 Study of the Sound Absorption Characteristics of Abaca and Coconut Coir Fibers Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Sound 3 Sound Absorption 4 Reverberation Room Method 5 Experiment Method 5.1 Testing Standards 5.2 Preparation of Test Samples 5.3 Drone Room Set up 5.4 Experimental Steps 6 Results 6.1 Absorption Coefficient 7 Conclusion References 48 Correction to: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Experimental and Computational Mechanics in Engineering Correction to: Akhyar (ed.), Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Experimental and Computational Mechanics in Engineering, Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0736-3 49 Correction to: Experimental Study of Thermoelectric Cooler Box Using Heat Sink with Vapor Chamber as Hot Side Cooling Device Correction to: Chapter “Experimental Study of Thermoelectric Cooler Box Using Heat Sink with Vapor Chamber as Hot Side Cooling Device” in: Akhyar (ed.), Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Experimental and Computational Mechanics in Engineering, Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0736-3_37