Proceedings of the 2nd International Civil Engineering and Architecture Conference: CEAC 2022, 11-14 March 2022, Singapore (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering Book 279)

Preface Organization Conference Chairs Program Chairs Program Chairs Steering Committee Chair Publicity Committees International Technical Committees Contents Building Materials and Technology Possibility to Optimize Hydrothermal Conditions for the Production of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Using Rice Husk Ash as the Silica Raw Material 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD) 3.2 Mechanical Properties 4 Conclusion References Innovative Research on the Mechanical Experiment of Steel Fiber Modified Waste Material Recycled Concrete 1 Significance of the Study 2 Construction Waste Material Utilization Status 3 Regenerated Aggregate Analysis 3.1 The Main Treatment Methods of Construction Waste Materials in China 3.2 Regenerative Aggregate Properties of Construction Waste Materials 4 Performance Analysis of Recycled Concrete 4.1 Compressive Strength 4.2 Durability Analysis 5 Steel Fiber Modified Recycled Concrete 5.1 Compressive Strength 5.2 Tensile Strength 5.3 Flexural Strength 5.4 Tensile Strength of Cleavage 5.5 Modulus of Elasticity of Recycled Concrete 5.6 Xu Variable Model Prediction 6 Conclusions and Prospects References Calculation Method of Asphalt Concrete Thermal Stress Based on Interface Mechanics 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Thermal Stress Calculation Model Based on Interface Mechanics 2.2 Asphalt Mixture Thermal Stress Considering Relaxation Effect 3 Verification of the Method 3.1 Calculation Parameter 3.2 Verification of Thermal Stress Calculation Method 4 Conclusion References Aging Performance of Base and Modified Bitumen 1 Introduction 2 Raw Materials and Experiments 2.1 Raw Material 2.2 Aging Test 2.3 Test Methods 3 Test Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References An Approach to Reduce Strength Loss of Rubber Concrete 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Experiment 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Carbon Efficiency-Oriented Design Optimization of Bamboo Construction: A Case Study in Guangzhou, China 1 Introduction 2 Method 2.1 Settings of the Standard Building Unit 2.2 Carbon Emission of Building Materials 2.3 Carbon Emission During Building Operation 2.4 Definition and Calculation of “Carbon Efficiency” 3 Result 3.1 Construction Type 3.2 Construction Framework 3.3 Core Cavity Arrangement 4 Discussion 4.1 Contribution of Building Materials and Building Operation to the Total Carbon Emission 4.2 Key Points for Improving the Carbon Efficiency 5 Conclusion References Study on the Performance of Eggshells as a Humidity Control Building Material 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Detection and Result 3.1 Control Group Experimental Materials A-CO 3.2 Control Group Experimental Materials B-SI 3.3 Test Group Experimental Materials C-ES 4 Discussion and Conclusions 4.1 Humidity Control Ability 4.2 Moisture Absorption Grade 4.3 Conclusions References The Mechanical Properties for Using Banana’s Peel Ash as Aggregate in Geopolymer Mortar 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Facile Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Robust Coatings with Solar Reflective Capability by One Step Spraying Method 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Materials 2.2 Preparation 3 Characterizations 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Study on Carbon Emission of Laminated Bamboo Based on Life Cycle Assessment Method 1 Introduction 2 Material 3 Method 3.1 Mass Flow During the Manufacturing Process 3.2 Carbon Emission of the Production Energy Consumption (C1) 3.3 Carbon Emission of the Transport (C2) 3.4 Carbon Emission of the Addendum (C3) 4 Result and Analysis 4.1 Composition of the Carbon Emission 4.2 Major Carbon Emission Steps 5 Discussion 5.1 Comparison with Two Previous Case Studies on LB 5.2 Suggestion on Reducing Carbon Emission of LB 6 Conclusion Annex Table References Study on the Mechanical Strength of Fiber-Reinforced Geopolymer Porous Materials 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Experiments 2.1 Materials 2.2 Experimental Program 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Influence of Water Glass Content on Flexural Strength and Compressive Strength 3.2 The Influence of H2O2Content on Flexural Strength and Compressive Strength 3.3 The Influence of Different Fiber Content on the Flexural Strength and Compressive Strength 4 Conclusions References Bridge and Tunnel Engineering Use of Non-destructive Tests to Evaluate the Concrete and Steel Bars of Vehicular Bridges Structural Elements 1 Introduction 2 Case of Study 2.1 Vehicular Bridge 1 2.2 Vehicular Bridge 2 3 Non-destructive Testing Method 3.1 Electromagnetic Concrete Coverage Meter 3.2 Original Schmidt Rebound Hammer Equipment 3.3 Pundit PL-200 Equipment 4 Results 4.1 Steel Bars 4.2 Concrete 5 Conclusions References Study on Laying Method of Trenchless Channel for Power Cables in Tianjin 1 Introduction 1.1 Research on the Suitable Laying Scale of Cable Lines 2 Material and Methods 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Pipe Pulling Design 3.2 Pipe Jacking Design 4 Conclusion 4.1 Benefit Analysis 4.2 Research on the Suitable Laying Scale of Cable Lines References Analysis and Design of Pipe Gallery Bridge with Large Cross-Section and High Loading 1 Project Overview 2 Spatial Beam Finite Element Model Analysis of Pipe Gallery Bridge 3 Spatial Solid Finite Element Model Analysis of Pipe Gallery Bridge 4 Summary References Research on the Application of Computer Vision in Bridge Health Monitoring 1 Introduction 1.1 The Purpose and Significance of the Paper 2 The Status of Computer Vision in Bridges 2.1 Current Status of Research 2.2 The Problems Faced and the Future Development 3 Conclusion 3.1 Conclusion References Failure Analysis of High Strength Cables from Collapsed Myaungmya Suspension Bridge 1 Introduction 2 Review on Past Studies 3 Laboratory Experiments 3.1 Hardness Test 3.2 Tensile Test 3.3 Fatigue Test 3.4 Spectroscopic Test 3.5 Determining Bridge Cables’ Corrosion Products 3.6 Study on Surface Morphologies of Bridge Cables 4 Conclusion References Application of Anti-slide Pile-Plank Wall Combined with Backfilling in Treatment of Tunnel Portal Crack and Slope Collapse 1 Introduction 2 Project Overview 2.1 Geologic Conditions 2.2 Failure Characteristics 3 Cause Analysis of Slide 3.1 Bias Effect 3.2 Rainfall Effect 3.3 Impact of Construction Excavation 4 Treatment Measures 4.1 Treatment Ideas and Scheme Selection 4.2 Arrangement of Anti-slide Pile 4.3 Calculation of Anti-slide Pile 5 Treatment Effect 6 Conclusions and Recommendations References An Integrated Erection Method for Segmental Assembled Bridge in Urban District 1 Introduction 2 Multi-functional Bridge Erection Machine—TP120 2.1 General Structure Concept 2.2 Brief Description of Main Structure Components 3 Integrated Erection Flow Per Standard Bridge Span 3.1 Typical Installation of Multi-functional Erection Machine 3.2 Erection Procedures 3.3 Retreat Procedures 4 Engineering Application Case 4.1 Scheme of Implementation 4.2 Efficiency of Implementation 5 Summary References Study on Effective Temperature Extreme Isotherm Map of Steel-Concrete Composite Girder Bridge 1 Introduction 2 Numerical Simulation 2.1 Heat Conduction Theory 2.2 Finite Element Simulation 3 Effective Temperature Extremum Calculation 3.1 Historical Meteorological Data Investigation 3.2 Extreme Meteorological Conditions 3.3 Calculation Result of Effective Temperature Extreme Value 4 Effective Temperature Isothermal Map 5 Conclusions References Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Dynamic Response Analysis of Rock Slope with Weak Layer Based on DOE Method 1 Introduction 2 Geological Background 3 Model Establishment and Preliminary Analysis 4 Design of Experiment 4.1 Introduction to DOE Method 4.2 Design Experiment 5 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) 6 Conclusion References The Influence of Soil Parameters on the Bearing Performance of Super-Long Bored Pile Foundation 1 Introduction 2 Simulation of Soil Parameters 3 The Influence of Soil Cohesion C 4 Influence of the Stiffness of the Pile Side Soil 5 Influence of Pile Tip Soil Stiffness 6 Conclusion References Based on Immersion Study on Bearing Characteristics of Roadway Pillar Under Softening 1 Introduction 2 Engineering Background 3 Soaking Influence Analysis of the Entry Protection Coal Pillar in the Working Face 4 Evolution Law on the Excavation Stress of the Soaked Wide Coal Pillars 4.1 Numerical Modelling 4.2 Simulated Result Analysis 5 Microseismic Evolution Characteristics During the Working Face Mining in Large Soaked Coal Pillars 6 Conclusions References Numerical Study on Spudcan Penetration-Consolidation-Uplift in Soft Soil Using Large Deformation Simulation 1 Introduction 2 Numerical Mode 2.1 RITSS 2.2 Finite Element Mesh 2.3 Soil Parameters 3 Validation of the Program 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Spudcan Penetration Force, Uplift Force and Excess Pore Pressure 4.2 Uplift Failure Modes 5 Conclusion References Effects of Rock Mass Deterioration Induced by Wetting-Drying Cycles on Slope Stability of Reservoir Banks 1 Introduction 2 Experimental 2.1 Experimental Materials 2.2 Experimental Methodology 3 Results and Analyses 3.1 Experiment Results 3.2 Experiment Analyses 4 Numerical Simulation 4.1 Simulation Model 4.2 Generalized Hoek-Brown Criterion-Based Bank Slope Parameters 4.3 Simulation Result Analyses 5 Conclusions References Research on Fine Management of Expressway Survey 1 Introduction 2 Project Overview 3 Fine Management of Geological Survey 3.1 Strictly Implement the Survey Specifications to Ensure the Quality 3.2 The Depth of Geological Survey Meets the Design Requirements 3.3 Topography and Geomorphology 3.4 Fine Control of the Whole Survey Process 4 Conclusion References Research Progress on the Formation Mechanism of Intraplate Volcanoes 1 Introduction 2 Plate Subduction 2.1 Mantle Convection in Mantle Wedge Caused by Shallow Plate Dehydration 2.2 Subducted Plate Retention and Plate Dehydration in Depth 2.3 Plate Fracture and Plate Collapse 2.4 Influence of Plate Subduction on Magma 2.5 Breif Summary 3 Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Interaction Mechanism 4 Hot Spot Volcano Formation Mechanism 5 Conclusion References Finite Element Analysis of Lateral Bearing Capacity for Pile in Spatially Variable Clay 1 Introduction 2 Methodological Aspects 3 Numerical Simulation 3.1 Finite Element Model 3.2 Model Verification 4 Random Data Analysis 5 Conclusion References Application of Numerical Simulation in Teeth Propotion Design of Diamond Bit 1 Introduction 2 Test Method 2.1 Technical Ideas 2.2 Modeling Process 3 Discussion of Results 3.1 Equivalent Stress 3.2 Maximum Shear Stress 3.3 Strain Energy 4 Conclusion and Prospect References Structural Engineering and Structural Mechanics Bayesian Networks and Their Application to the Reliability of FRP Strengthened Beams 1 Introduction 2 Bayesian Networks 2.1 Concept 2.2 Construction 3 Application to the Reliability of FRP Strengthened Beams 4 Application to Beam Failure Mode Prediction 5 Summary References Static Loading Test of Soil-RC Pile System Using a Centrifuge Model 1 Introduction 2 RC Pile Model for Centrifuge Test 2.1 Design of Reduced RC Pile Model 2.2 Bending and Compression Loading Test 2.3 FEM Analysis Model of RC Pile 2.4 Comparison of Test and FEM Analysis Result 3 Static Loading Test of Soil-RC Pile System 3.1 Specimen of the Static Loading Test 3.2 Ultimate Strength of the Soil-Pile System 3.3 FEM Analysis Model of the Dry Soil-RC Pile System 3.4 Test Result 4 Conclusion References Evaluate Effect of Various Parameters on the Shear Strength of FRP-Reinforced Concrete Beams with or Without Stirrups 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Database Profile 3 Selected Previous Shear Strength Models for FRP-Reinforced Concrete Beams 4 Comparison Between the ED-Model and Other Models 4.1 Scattering of Predictions 5 Effect of Various Parameters 5.1 Effect of the Ratio Between Shear Span and Depth (a/d) 5.2 Effect of Concrete Compressive Strength (Fc’) 5.3 Effect of the Ratio Between the Transversal and Longitudinal FRP Reinforcements Axial Rigidity ( EFw/EFvv) 5.4 Effect of FRP Axial Rigidity (EFw) 5.5 Effect of Aspect Ratio (b/d) 6 Conclusions References Statistics and Probabilistic Modeling of Construction Materials Used in the UAE 1 Introduction 2 Research Objectives 3 Review of Related Studies 4 Statistics of Construction Materials in the UAE 4.1 Concrete 4.2 Reinforcing Steel Bars 4.3 Prestressing Steel Strands 5 Summary References Collapse Strength of Conical Wall Failure in Steel Cone-to-Cylinder Socket Connections Under Axial Compression 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Results 3 FE Analysis 3.1 General 3.2 FE Analysis Results 4 Prediction of Collapse Strength 5 Conclusions References Effectiveness of Laser Treatment on Carbon Steel with Various Forms of Corrosion Pits 1 Introduction 2 Experimental 3 Test Result 3.1 Surface Morphology of Laser-Treated Specimens 3.2 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM-EDX) 4 Conclusions References Experimental Investigation of the Axial Load Capacity for DSTCs Manufactured with High Strength Concrete 1 Introduction 2 Specimen and Material Description 3 Specimen Preparation 4 Test Results 4.1 Effect of FRP Layers 4.2 Effect of the Cross-Sectional Shape of the Inner Steel Tube 5 Conclusion References Earthquake-Induced Vibration Measurement and Inverse Analysis of Bell-Shaped Pagoda 1 Introduction 2 Equation of Motion and Inverse Analysis 2.1 Inverse Analysis 2.2 Newmark’s Time Stepping Method 2.3 Gauss-Newton Scheme 3 Pagoda and Method of Measurement 3.1 Pagoda 3.2 Sensor 3.3 Earthquake Data 4 Results 5 Conclusions References Extended Critical Shear Crack Theory for Punching Shear of Lightweight, FRP-Reinforced, or Prestressed Concrete 1 Introduction 2 General Overview of the Critical Shear Crack Theory (CSCT) 3 ECSCT for Punching Shear of Lightweight Concrete [17] 4 ECSCT for Punching Shear of FRP Reinforced Concrete [18] 5 Failure Criteria for Punching Shear of Prestressed Concrete [19] 6 Punching Shear of Elements with Membrane Tensile Forces [20] 7 Model Validation 8 Concluding Remarks References Evaluation on Deterioration and Blister Progression of Duplex Layers Between Al-5 Mg Thermal Sprayed Coating and Heavy-Duty Paint Coating 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Procedure 2.1 Test Specimen 2.2 Atmospheric Exposure Test 2.3 Deterioration Evaluation Method 3 Test Result 3.1 Surface Observation 3.2 Blister Condition of Duplex Layers 4 Conclusions References Architectural Design and Theory From the Intervalin Architecture: (In)visibilities – The Case of Smithsons’ “Project-Theory” 1 Introduction – Essay of an Interval Theory 1.1 Traces of an (In)visible Depth – an Aesthetics Beyond Western Dialectical Abstraction 1.2 (Re)Defining the Void: The Interval– A Key Element in Space Design and Organization 2 From the Intervalin Architecture – The Case of Smithsons’ “Project-Theory” 2.1 The Smithsons’ Trip(s) to Japan (1960–1975) 2.2 The Smithsons’ Personal Library 2.3 From Smithsons’ Theoretical Approach – From “The Charged Void”to “The Space Between” 2.4 From Smithsons’ Practical (Architectural) Approach – Objects in a Void 3 Brief Research Methodology References Spatial Design Strategies for Lightweight Roofing Buildings Driven by Rain Noise Reduction 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 From Indoor Sound Pressure Levels to Sound Power Levels 2.2 Parametric Spatial Prototypes and Multi-case Comparative Study 3 Results 3.1 Noise Power Levels of Lightweight Roofing 3.2 LIACalculation for Parametric Spatial Prototypes 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Application of Lingnan Ventilation Skills in Contemporary Architecture – Lift Shaft Design of Pedestrian Footbridge in Macau 1 Introduction 2 Relevant Concepts 2.1 Wind and Thermal Pressure Ventilation 2.2 Chimney Effect 2.3 Piston Effect 3 Case Application 3.1 Design Brief 3.2 Marco Ventilation Skills 3.3 Micro Ventilation Skills 4 Conclusion References The Opportunities and Challenges of Using LCA-Based BIM Plugins in Early-Stage Building Design: An Industry Expert Perspective 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Data Analysis Method: Thematic Analysis 3 Analysis Results 3.1 Theme 1: Integrating LCA in Building Design Practice 3.2 Theme 2: LCA-Based BIM Plugins 3.3 Theme 3: Circularity in Building Context 4 Discussion and Conclusion 4.1 The Enablers and Constraints Relating to the Implementation of LCA in Design Practice 4.2 The Parameters Relating to Effective Use of the LCA Plugins 4.3 The Main Barriers in the Transition to the Circularity in Building Practice 5 Conclusion References The Factors of Environmental Living Design for Elderly Well-Being in Thai Spiritual Environments 1 Introduction 2 Research Background 3 Research Method 3.1 Factor Identification and Questionnaire Design 3.2 Research Hypotheses 3.3 Data Collection 4 Results 4.1 Descriptive Results 4.2 Structural Equation Modeling 5 Summary References Prototype Design of Smart Building Control System Based on Human Demand Information 1 Introduction 1.1 Application of Existing Intelligent Environmental Control Panel 1.2 Motivation 2 Methodology 2.1 Basic Information About the Site and Participants 2.2 Implement 3 Analysis and Discussion 3.1 Sensitivity Analysis 3.2 Interactive Interface Design 3.3 Feedback Analysis 4 Conclusion 4.1 Limitation References Urban Engineering and Spatial Planning Exploring the Renewal and Practice Path of Old Neighborhoods with Multi-module Integration 1 The Old Neighborhoods have been Updated and Transformed Practices and Effectiveness in Putian City 1.1 Summary of Main Practices 1.2 Analysis of the Shortage of Effectiveness 2 The Current Situation of Old Neighborhoods in Putian City 2.1 Analysis of Sample Basic Data of Old Neighborhoods 2.2 The Main Problems of the Current Situation of the Old Neighborhood 2.3 This Research Conducted a Survey on the Participation and Willingness of Residents in Old Communities to Transform 3 Multi-module Integration Practice of Old Neighborhood Renewal and Transformation 3.1 Overall Planning Module to Promote Integrated Management 3.2 In Terms of Policy Guarantees, Modules are Built Through Diversified Channels 3.3 Furthermore, the Infrastructure and Public Service Modules Improve the Quality of Experience 3.4 Standardize the Long-Term Operation of the Community Through the Normal Management Module 4 Summary References Exploratory Planning of Urban Livelihood Group – Taking District L of Wuhan, China as an Example 1 Introduction 2 Concept and Connotation 3 Analysis of Current Situation 3.1 Emphasis on Big Facilities Land Problem, Ignoring Micro Facilities Space Problem 3.2 Emphasis on Special Design, Neglect Systematic Integration, Lack of Coordination Among Multi-majors 3.3 Emphasis on the Number of Facilities and Projects, Ignoring the Creation of Space Quality 3.4 Emphasis on Long-Term Virtual Control, Ignoring Actual Implementation Guarantees 4 Overall Planning of the People’s Livelihood Group 4.1 The Planning Method has Changed from Incremental Planning to Stock Planning, Focusing on an Equalized Layout 4.2 The Construction Mode is Shifted from Decentralized to Centralized, Focusing on Integrated Construction 4.3 The Space Creation is Shifted from Focusing on Facilities to Improving Quality, Focusing on Characteristic Creation 5 An Empirical Study on the Planning of the People’s Livelihood Group in District L of Wuhan 5.1 Current Situation of Construction 5.2 Planning the Layout 5.3 Division and Construction Guidance of People’s Livelihood Groups Based on Dynamic and Static Zoning 5.4 Implementation Effect 6 Summary References Technical Feasibility and Application of Rural Self-sufficiency Community in Cold Region: A Case Study of Beijing 1 Introduction 2 Autonomous Community for Self-sufficiency 3 Energy Consumption of Villages and Towns in Beijing 4 Main Technologies and Applications of Autonomous Community 4.1 Self-sufficiency Technology at Neighborhood Level 4.2 Self-sufficiency Technology at Group Level 4.3 Self-sufficiency Technology at Community Level 5 Conclusion 6 Notes References Healing Methods for the Loneliness of the Empty-Nest Elderly in Rural Areas Under the Background of Rural Revitalization: A Case Study of H Town in Hubei Province 1 Research Background 2 Causes of Loneliness 3 Investigation of the Current Situation in H Town 3.1 Policy Investigation 3.2 Resource Investigation 3.3 Residents Investigation 4 Healing Methods 5 Research Conclusions References Strategies of Water Management in Outdoor Space of Sustainable Housing-Water Material Heritage of Historic City of Nineveh 1 Introduction 2 The Material Water Heritage of Mesopotamia Civilization 2.1 Water Management in the Mesopotamia Civilization 3 Modern Principles and Strategies of Water Management 3.1 The Principles and Mechanism of Sustainability According to (Highlights of LEED V4.1 Residential Multifamily) Blog 3.2 “Siti Jamaludin” Study: Designing Conducive Residential Outdoor Environment for Community: Klang Valley, Malaysia 3.3 “Residential Landscape Sustainability, Smith, 2008” Study 3.4 Sustainable Landscape Construction a Guide to Green Building Outdoors, 2008 by William Thompson 3.5 Mumin Bani Mustafa’s Study: Rainwater Harvesting Techniques 4 Stratiges of Water Management 4.1 Control and Domination Strategy 4.2 Conservation Strategy 4.3 Environmental Sustainability Strategy 5 Conclusions References Reconstruction and Invigoration of Rural Housing Space from the Perspective of Sustainable Renewal 1 Introduction 2 Construct the Goal of Continuous Rural Renewal 3 Establish Continuously Updated Target 4 Planning the Sustainable Renewal Path of the Village 4.1 Overview of Zhuma Town 4.2 Industry-Oriented Renewal Path 4.3 Exemplary Rural Housing Reconstruction 5 Conclusions References Sustainable Urbanism Through City Information Modeling 1 Introduction 1.1 Paper Objectives 1.2 Problem Definition 1.3 Methodology 2 Building Information Modelling 3 Urban Planning Enhancement Through BIM 4 A New Era of Digital Transformation 4.1 From BIM to PIM for Enhancement of Urbanism 5 City Information Modeling (CIM) 5.1 The Relationship Between BIM and CIM 5.2 Smart Cities International Demand 5.3 Innovative Application of CIM in Urbanism 6 Standards for Sustainable Urbanism 6.1 Sustainable Urbanism Elements 6.2 LEED-ND 7 Green Sustainable Urbanism with City Information Modelling (CIM) 8 Final Thoughts/Conclusion References Landscape Planning and Design: Vernacular and Religious Architecture in Wood as Facilitators of Heritage Conservation. Chiloe’s School of Architecture, Chile 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Framework 3 Methodology 4 Results 5 Conclusions References Exploration of Regional Characteristics of Steel Residential Structure in Rural China 1 Introduction 2 Overview of the Development of Steel Structure Residence 2.1 Type of Steel Residential Structure in Rural China 2.2 Practice of Steel Residential Structure in Rural China 3 Exploration of Regional Characteristics in Spatial Composition 4 Exploration of Regional Characteristics in Facade Characteristics 4.1 Proportional Scale 4.2 Characteristic Shape 4.3 Material and Color 5 Exploration of Regional Characteristics in Detail Components 5.1 Detail Decoration 5.2 Characteristic Components 6 Summary References Application of Clay Shock Method to Restrain Settlement in Tunnel Foundation Under Canal 1 Introduction 2 Project Overview 3 Construction Risk Analysis 3.1 Shield Risk 3.2 Surface Subsidence Risk 4 Clay Shock Method 5 Conclusion References Effects of Age on Urban Road Traffic Accident Using GIS: A Case Study of Bangkok Metropolitan Area, Thailand 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methodology 3 Result of Analysis 4 Conclusion References Sustainable Building and Energy Conservation in Building Vernacular Architecture and Wood Construction. The Case of the Stilt House of Chiloé, Chile 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Framework 3 Methodology 4 Results 5 Conclusion References Traditional Ventilation Skills of Lingnan Chinese Architecture – a Case Study of Macau Mandarin’s House 1 Introduction 2 Basic Ventilation Concept 2.1 Wind Pressure Ventilation 2.2 Thermal Pressure Ventilation 2.3 Synergy and Alternate Use of Thermal and Wind Pressure Ventilation 3 Case Study 3.1 Brief of Mandarin’s House 3.2 Marco Ventilation Skills 3.3 Medium-Scope Ventilation Skills 3.4 Micro Ventilation Skills 4 Conclusion References Wood Construction as a Facilitating Mechanism for Environmental Protection, Sustainability and Development. The Case of the Construction and Vernacular Architecture of the Palafitos of Chiloé 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Framework 3 Methodology 4 Results 5 Conclusion References Heat Transfer Analysis of Double and Triple Glazed Glass Windows 1 Introduction 1.1 Heat Transfer Through Window 1.2 Double Glazed Windows 1.3 Triple Glazed Windows 2 Technical Approach 2.1 Methodology 2.2 Modelling 2.3 Numerical Solution Using MATLAB 3 Comparing Between Double and Triple Glass Window 3.1 Double Glass Window 3.2 Triple Glass Window 3.3 Comparing the Results of Double and Triple Glazed Window 4 Conclusion References Analysis on Energy Saving Design of Ancillary Buildings of Hydraulic Engineering 1 Introduction 2 Development Trend 3 Energy Saving Design 3.1 Building Energy Efficiency Design 3.2 Energy Saving Design of Water Supply and Drainage 3.3 Electrical Energy Saving Design 3.4 Energy Saving Design of HVAC 4 Summary References Experimental Study on Miniature Photovoltaic Roof Tile 1 Introduction 2 Structural Design of Small Photovoltaic Roof Tiles 2.1 Photovoltaic Cell 2.2 Basal Part 3 Process of the Small Photovoltaic Roof Tiles 3.1 Selecting and Molding of Materials 3.2 The Sintering Process of Tile Base 3.3 The Process of Combination of Tile Base and Solar Panel 4 Performance Test of Small Photovoltaic Roof Tiles 4.1 Appearance Detection 4.2 Density Determination 4.3 Impermeability Test Method 4.4 Test and Analysis of I-V Characteristics 5 Conclusion References Protection and Restoration of Architectural Heritage Research on Conservation Techniques of Brick-Timber Building in the Republic of China—A Case Study of Dewey House 1 Introduction 2 Basic Information Research 2.1 Investigation of Current Situation 2.2 Investigation of Historical Information 3 Structural Reinforcement Method 3.1 Structural Inspection and Identification 3.2 Reinforcement of Brick Masonry 3.3 Reinforcement of Woodwork 4 Building Repair Method 4.1 External Wall Conservation 4.2 Door and Window Openings Conservation 4.3 Roof Conservation 4.4 Interior Conservation 5 Conclusion References Research on Construction Methods and Restoration Techniques of the Exterior Wall Surfaces of Nanjing’s Modern Buildings 1 Introduction 2 Research on Conservation of the Exterior Wall Surfaces 3 General Situation of Exterior Wall Surfaces of Nanjing’s Modern Buildings 3.1 Main Types of Exterior Wall Surfaces 3.2 Construction Processes of Exterior Wall Surfaces 4 Research on Conservation and Restoration Techniques 4.1 Analysis on Common Typical Diseases and Causes of Exterior Wall Surfaces 4.2 Research on Restoration Techniques 5 Conclusion References Study on Conservation Techniques of Traditional Timber Buildings in Jiangnan Area—A Case Study of Xiangdian of Xiaoling Mausoleum of Ming Dynasty 1 Introduction 2 The Features of Xiangdian 3 The Investigation of Present Situation 3.1 Current Situation of the Roof 3.2 Current Situation of the Timber Frame and Decorations 3.3 Current Situation of the Walls, the Ground and the Foundation 4 The Identification of Present Situation 4.1 Identification of the Foundation 4.2 Calculation of the Upper Bearing Structure 4.3 Test and Identification Results 5 Structural Reinforcement Techniques 5.1 Reinforcement Techniques of the Timber Frame 5.2 Reinforcement Techniques of the Walls 6 Architectural Repair Techniques 6.1 Repair Techniques of Roof Tiles and Timber Base 6.2 Repair Techniques of Timber Decorations 6.3 Repair Techniques of Outdoor Foundation 6.4 Repair Techniques of Outdoor Corridor and Indoor Floor 7 Conclusions References The Cultural Integration Phenomenon of Shenyang Architectural Heritage 1 Introduction 2 Representative of Cultural Integration – Xiaoqing Building 3 Conclusion References Research on Macau’sHistoric Buildings Blending Chinese and Western Cultures 1 Introduction 2 Diversity of Macau’s Architectural Styles 3 Civil Architecture in Macau Combining Chinese and Western Architectures 3.1 Chinese-Style Dwellings 3.2 Western-Style Dwelling 4 Study Value of Historical Buildings in Macau References Construction Project and Engineering Management Modeling of Causal Factors of Conflicts in Thai SME Construction Projects 1 Introduction 2 Research Background 3 Research Method 3.1 Factor Identification 3.2 Questionnaire Design 3.3 Data Collection 4 Results 4.1 Descriptive Results 4.2 Exploratory Factor Analysis 4.3 Confirmatory Factor Analysis 5 Conclusions References Improvement of Quality Control in Retail-Type Works Through the Application of the BIM-LC Work Model 1 Introduction 2 Study Cases 2.1 Study Case 1 2.2 Study Case 2 3 Methodology 3.1 Inicial of Previous Stage 3.2 Aplication of Lean Construction and BIM Tools 3.3 Tracing and Control 3.4 Weekly Meetings 4 Validation Through Expert Judgment 4.1 Contributions 4.2 Regarding to Projects 5 Conclusions References The Role of Public-Private Partnerships of Project Construction – Shopping Mall as an Example 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Case Study 3.1 Rongchuang Mall 3.2 Aqua Mall (Shuiyou Mall) 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Activity Time Variations and Its Influence on Realization of Different Critical Paths in a PERT Network: An Empirical Study Using Simulations 1 Introduction 2 Modifications to PERT 3 Research Methodology 4 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Implementation of a Public Works Communication Management Model 1 Introduction 2 Methods and Tools 2.1 Method 2.2 Tools 2.3 Methodology 2.4 Results 2.5 Validation 3 Conclusions Re