Proceedings of 2022 4th International Conference on Environment Sciences and Renewable Energy: Selected Topics on New Developments in Environmental ... (Environmental Science and Engineering)

This book consists of selected papers from the 2022 4th International Conference on Environment Sciences and Renewable Energy, which was held as a fully virtual conference during May 27–29, 2022. The book overviews the latest progress in environmental and energy technologies with a specific focus on wind turbines and hydrogen production. In the field of environmental science, wastewater treatment, air pollution abatement, solid waste treatment, and general policy recommendations are discussed. Technology advances, especially in wastewater nutrients and micropollutant removal, are covered. In policy measures, cost allocations, optimum recycling strategies, and environmental footprint allocations of different environmental technologies are included. In the field of renewable energy, several hot topics, including solar cells, offshore floating wind turbines, and renewable energy resource potentials in different regions are considered. Conference Committees Preface I Preface II Contents Part I Environmental Science and Ecological Protection 1 Pollution Risk Assessment of Oil Spill Accidents in the Liao-Dong Bay of China 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Materials and Methods 1.2.1 Study Area 1.2.2 Stochastic Modeling and Pollution Risk Assessment 1.3 Results and Discussion 1.3.1 Pollution Risks to Liaodong Bay 1.3.2 Pollution Risks to Sensitive Receptors 1.4 Conclusions References 2 Research on Ecosystem Status Evaluation of Open-Pit Mines 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Methodology 2.2.1 Study Area and Used Data 2.2.2 Biological Richness 2.2.3 Vegetation Coverage 2.2.4 Land Stress 2.2.5 Landscape Pattern 2.2.6 Ecological Index 2.3 Ecosystem Status Evaluation 2.4 Conclusion References 3 Antioxidant Response in the Respiratory Tree of Sea Cucumber Apostichopus Japonicas Following Acute Exposure to Merey Crude Oil 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Materials and Methods 3.2.1 Animals 3.2.2 Experimental Design 3.2.3 Determination of Biomarkers 3.2.4 Statistical Analysis 3.3 Results 3.4 Discussion 3.5 Conclusion References 4 Robust Real-Time Updating of Real-Time Flood Forecasting System Based on Kalman Filter 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Real-Time Error Updating Based on Standard Kalman Filter 4.3 Robust Real-Time Flood Updating 4.3.1 Robust Kalman Filter Algorithm 4.4 Application 4.4.1 Study Basin 4.4.2 Hydrological Model 4.4.3 Performances with Outliers 4.5 Conclusions References 5 Effect of Compost and Humus of Organic Solid Waste on the Reduction of Cadmium in the Soil and in Different Organic of Seedlings Theobroma cacao (CACAO) in Nursery 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Literature Review 5.2.1 Soil 5.2.2 Origin of Cadmium in Soil 5.2.3 Availability of Cadmium in the Soil 5.2.4 Organic Fertilizers 5.3 Materials and Methods 5.3.1 Place of Study 5.3.2 Equipment and Materials 5.3.3 Calculation and Inoculation with Cadmium to the Initial Substrate 5.4 Results 5.4.1 Effect of Compost and Humus of Organic Solid Waste on the Concentration of Available and Total Cadmium 5.4.2 Effect of Organic Matter on the Absorption of Cadmium by Cocoa Leaves, Stems, and Root 5.4.3 Effect of Organic Matter on Cocoa Growth in Nursery 5.4.4 Effect of Chemical Variables (pH, M.O, CIC) on Cadmium Available in Soil 5.5 Discussion 5.6 Conclusion References 6 Influence of Different Particle Sizes of Sediment Laden Flow on Erosion Rate of Tailings Dam 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Experimental Test 6.2.1 Sample Preparation 6.2.2 Erosion Test 6.3 Results and Analysis 6.4 Conclusion References Part II Waste Management, Waste Utilization and Sustainable Development 7 Properties of Porous Concrete Using Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) Foam Waste as Cement Binder Admixture 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Materials 7.3 Mixture Designations and Analytical Methods 7.3.1 Mixture Designations for the Different Coarse Aggregate Sizes 7.3.2 Mixture Designations for the Different Acetone-To-Toluene Ratios 7.3.3 Analytical Techniques 7.4 Results and Discussions 7.4.1 Effect of the Coarse Aggregate Size on the Early Strength and the Porosity 7.4.2 Effect of Acetone-To-Toluene Ratios on the Strength and the Porosity 7.5 Conclusion References 8 Building a Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Treatment System in Japan—A Critical Review 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Methodologies 8.2.1 Constituents of MSW 8.3 Current Status of the MSW Treatment System 8.3.1 Consolidation of MSW Treatment Facilities 8.3.2 Utilization of Public–Private Partnership/Private Finance Initiative (PPP/PFI) 8.3.3 Waste Power Generation and Local Power Producers and Suppliers (Local PPS) 8.4 Trends in MSW Treatment Systems Overseas 8.5 Kakegawa Regional Circular and Ecological Sphere Concept 8.5.1 Overview of Kakegawa City 8.5.2 Local PPS: Kakegawa Hotoku Power Inc. 8.5.3 Kakegawa Regional Circular and Ecological Sphere Concept Centered on MSW Treatment Facilities 8.6 Conclusion References 9 Geotourism and the Effects Caused by Solid Waste in the Tourist Attraction of Geological Formations of Torre Torre – Huancayo, Peru 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Materials and Methods 9.2.1 Description of Study Area 9.2.2 Geoturism 9.2.3 Solid Waste 9.2.4 Evaluation of the Effects of Solid Waste in Geotourism 9.3 Results 9.3.1 Geotourism 9.3.2 Solid Waste 9.3.3 Effects on Geotourism in Relation to Solid Waste 9.4 Discussion of Results 9.5 Conclusions References 10 Utilization of New Fly Ash Type from Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) Process as an Additive in Portland Cement 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Materials 10.3 Mixture Designations and Analytical Methods 10.3.1 Mixture Designations 10.3.2 Analytical Techniques 10.4 Results and Discussions 10.4.1 Ammonia Contamination in the SCR-Fly Ash 10.4.2 Setting Time and Flowability of the Pastes 10.4.3 Compressive Strength and Microstructures of the Blended Cement Pastes 10.5 Conclusion References Part III Renewable Energy Technology and Energy Chemical Engineering 11 Experimental Study on the Dynamic Responses of a 2 MW Cross-Shaped Multi-Column Spar Floating Offshore Wind Turbine 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Conceptual Design 11.2.1 A 2 MW Wind Turbine and Tower 11.2.2 Cross-Shaped and Multi-Column Spar Foundation 11.2.3 Truncated Mooring System 11.3 Model Tests 11.4 Results and Discussion 11.4.1 Tests for Motion RAOs 11.4.2 Wind Only Tests 11.4.3 Irregular Wave Tests 11.4.4 Combined Wind and Wave Test 11.5 Conclusion References 12 New Promising Modified Activated Carbons for CH4 and CO2 Adsorption 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Materials and Methods 12.2.1 Commercial and New Modified Activated Carbons (Family of CNR-115) 12.2.2 Activated Carbons Characterization 12.2.3 Experimental System 12.2.4 Volume Calibration 12.2.5 CH4 and CO2 Pure Gases Adsorption Measurements 12.2.6 Langmuir Fitting Model 12.3 Results and Discussions 12.3.1 CH4 and CO2 Pure Gases Adsorption Isotherm 12.3.2 Langmuir Fitting 12.3.3 Interesting Side of CNR-115-ox-am: The New Modified Activated Carbon 12.4 Conclusion References 13 Optimization of Dual-Chamber Microbial Fuel Cells for the Biodegradation of Acetaminophen 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Materials and Methods 13.2.1 Reactor Architecture and Operations 13.3 Results and Discussion 13.3.1 Open Circuit Potential of MFCs 13.4 Conclusion and Recommendations References 14 Study on the Relationship Between Energy Consumption of Shipbuilding and Shipbuilding Costs 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Analysis of the Connotation and Cost Composition of Green Manufacturing in Shipbuilding Industry 14.2.1 The Connotation of Green Manufacturing 14.2.2 Green Production and Cost Components in the Shipbuilding Industry 14.3 A Study on the Relationship Between Energy Consumption and Emissions of Shipbuilding and Cost Changes Based on Ridge Regression Model 14.3.1 Index Selection 14.3.2 Data Pre-Processing 14.3.3 Selection of the Regression Model 14.3.4 Principle of Ridge Regression Model and Model Building 14.3.5 Impact of Shipbuilding Energy Consumption and Pollutant Emissions on Cost Changes 14.4 Conclusion and Countermeasures 14.5 Discussion and Deficiency References 15 Analysis and Research on Basic Structure of the PID Steam Pressure System 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Analysis and Research on the Basic Structure of Steam Pressure Controller 15.2.1 Digital PID Controller 15.2.2 Digitalization of PID Controller 15.2.3 Main Steam Pressure Controller 15.2.4 Influence of Control Parameters on Steam System Performance 15.3 Conclusion References 16 Hydrogen Production by Catalytic Conversion of Ammonia 16.1 Introduction 16.1.1 The Demand and Potential of Hydrogen 16.1.2 Different Hydrogen Production Methods 16.1.3 Green Ammonia Sources 16.1.4 Literature Data on the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonia 16.1.5 Objectives of the Research 16.2 Catalytic Reforming of NH3 16.3 Experimental Investigations 16.3.1 Apparatus and Procedures 16.3.2 Catalyst Preparation and Properties 16.3.3 Experimental Procedure 16.3.4 Hydrogen Yield for Different Operating Conditions (T, Type of Catalyst) 16.3.5 Kinetics of the NH3 Decomposition Reaction 16.4 Recommendations Toward Scale-Up 16.4.1 Design of a Pilot-Scale Reactor 16.4.2 Design Procedure 16.4.3 Design Results 16.4.4 Important Considerations 16.5 Conclusions References 17 Concentrated Particle-Driven Solar Power Receiver: Experimental and Simulation Hydrodynamic and Thermal Characteristics 17.1 Introduction 17.1.1 A-Type Powders and Their Fluidization Behavior in Small I.D. Fluidized Beds 17.1.2 Objectives 17.2 Modeling and Simulation 17.2.1 Physical and Geometrical Parameters 17.2.2 Simulation Mesh 17.2.3 Boundary and Initial Conditions 17.2.4 Numerical Modeling of Multiphase Flow 17.3 Results and Discussion 17.3.1 Pressure Drop 17.3.2 Wall Heat Exchange 17.3.3 Slug Formation in the Tube 17.3.4 Analysis of Radial Variables 17.3.5 Analysis of Axial Variables 17.3.6 Influence of Slug Formation on the Wall-to-Suspension Heat Transfer 17.4 Conclusions Appendix References