Pro RESTful APIs with Micronaut : Build Java-Based Microservices with REST, JSON, and XML

Discover the RESTful technologies, including REST, JSON, XML, JAX-RS web services, SOAP and more, for building today's Java-based microservices, big data applications, and web service applications using the Micronaut framework. This book is based on a course the Oracle-based author is teaching for UC Santa Cruz Silicon Valley which covers architecture, design best practices and coding labs. Pro RESTful APIs with Micronaut (Second Edition) gives you all the fundamentals from the top down: from the top (architecture) through the middle (design) to the bottom (coding). This book is a must have for any microservices or web services application programmer or developer building applications and services for today's enterprises. After reading and using this book, you'll be competent in using Micronaut and RESTful APIs for building today's microservices. Source code for the examples and case studies are free and available on Apress' GitHub page for this book. What You'll Learn Discover the key RESTful APIs, including REST, JSON, XML, JAX, SOAP and more Explore the Micronaut framework Use these for microservices for today's modern web services and data exchanges Harness Java, XML, JSON, REST, and JAX-RS in examples and case studies Apply best practices to your solutions' architecture and more Who This Book Is For Experienced Java and web programmers and developers who may be new to microservices and even cloud-native applications development. Table of Contents 5 About the Author 11 About the Technical Reviewer 13 Introduction 14 Chapter 1: Fundamentals of RESTful APIs 16 Abstract 16 SOAP vs. REST 19 Web Architectural Style 22 Client-Server 22 Uniform Resource Interface 23 Layered System 23 Caching 23 Stateless 24 Code on Demand 24 HATEOAS 25 What Is REST? 26 REST Basics 27 REST Fundamentals 28 Resources 29 Representations 29 Content Negotiation 29 Summary 30 Chapter 2: Micronaut 31 Abstract 31 Comparison of Micronaut with Spring Boot 32 Ease of Installation 32 Natively Cloud Enabled 33 Serverless Functions 33 Application Configuration 34 Messaging System Support 35 Security 36 Caching 37 Management and Monitoring 37 API Portfolio 38 Online Flight 38 Message 39 Quote 39 Software 40 Micronaut 40 JDK 11 41 POSTMAN 41 CURL 41 IDE 41 Visual Studio Code 41 IntelliJ 41 Maven 42 Setting Up an IDE 42 Configuring Visual Studio Code 43 Summary 44 Chapter 3: Introduction: XML and JSON 45 Abstract 45 What Is XML? 45 XML Comments 47 Why Is XML Important? 48 How Can You Use XML? 49 Pros and Cons of XML 49 What Is JSON? 50 JSON Syntax 50 Strings 51 Numbers 51 Objects 51 Arrays 52 Booleans 52 Null 52 Why Is JSON Important? 52 How Can You Use JSON? 54 Pros and Cons of JSON 54 XML and JSON Comparison 55 Implementing APIs to Return XML and JSON Messages 56 Summary 63 Chapter 4: API Design and Modeling 64 Abstract 64 API Design Strategies 64 API Creation Process and Methodology 67 Process 67 API Methodology 67 Domain Analysis or API Description 68 Architecture Design 69 Prototyping 70 Implementation 71 Publish 71 API Modeling 71 Comparison of API Modeling 73 In summary 74 Best Practices 75 Keep Your Base URL Simple and Intuitive 75 Error Handling 77 Error Code 78 Versioning 79 Partial Response 80 Pagination 80 Multiple Formats 81 API Façade 81 API Solution Architecture 82 Mobile Solutions 83 Cloud Solutions 83 Web Solutions 83 Integration Solutions 84 Multichannel Solutions 84 Smart TV Solutions 84 Internet of Things 84 Stakeholders in API Solutions 85 API Providers 85 API Consumers 85 End Users 85 API Modeling 85 Summary 93 Chapter 5: API Portfolio and Framework 94 Abstract 94 API Portfolio Architecture 94 Requirements 95 Consistency 95 Reuse 95 Customization 96 Discoverability 96 Longevity 96 How Do We Enforce These Requirements—Governance? 96 Consistency 97 Reuse 97 Customization 97 Discoverability 97 Change Management 98 API Framework 98 Process APIs: Services Layer 99 System APIs: Data Access Object 100 Experience APIs: API Façade 100 Services Layer Implementation 100 Summary 108 Chapter 6: API Platform and Data Handler 109 Abstract 109 API Platform Architecture 109 Why Do We Need an API Platform? 110 So What Is an API Platform? 110 So Which Capabilities Does the API Platform Have? 111 API Development Platform 111 API Runtime Platform 113 API Engagement Platform 113 How Is an API Platform Organized? What Is the Architecture of the API Platform? 114 How Does the API Architecture Fit in the Surrounding Technical Architecture of an Enterprise? 115 Data Handler 117 Data Access Object 117 Command Query Responsibility Segregation (CQRS) 118 SQL Development Process 118 NoSQL Process 119 Do I Have to Choose Between SQL and NoSQL? 119 Why a Single REST API? 119 Summary 138 Chapter 7: API Management and CORS 139 Abstract 139 Façade 139 Façade Pattern 139 API Façade 140 API Management 142 API Life Cycle 143 API Retirement 144 API Monetization 145 Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) 146 Summary 146 Index 147