Principles of Modern Radar Missile Seekers

Principles of Modern Radar Missile Seekers Contents Preface Acknowledgments CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1.1 Threats 1.1.1 The First Threat 1.1.2 The Second Threat 1.1.3 The Third Threat 1.2 Goals and Objectives 1.3 Basic Concepts References CHAPTER 2 Tactical and Technical Characteristics of an Anti-Aircraft Missile System 2.1 The Defeat Zone 2.1.1 Choosing the Anti-Aircraft Missile System Defeat Zone Boundaries 2.1.2 Providing a Given Defeat Zone with the Technical Characteristics of Anti-Aircraft Missile System Combat Requirements 2.2 Missile Launch Zone 2.3 A Target Detection Zone References CHAPTER 3 Firing over the Horizon 3.1 Basic Principles 3.2 Estimate of Ballistic and Flight Characteristics of the Missile According to Data From Open Sources 3.3 Problems: Target Search and Auto-Tracking References CHAPTER 4 Radio Control of Atmospheric Anti-Aircraft Missile 4.1 Generalized Block Diagram of the Radio System 4.2 Radio Control System Classification 4.2.1 Launch Control 4.2.2 Anti-Aircraft Missile Flight Control 4.2.3 Missile Warhead Detonation Control 4.3 Flight Trajectories and Guidance Methods 4.3.1 Two-Point Guidance Methods: Homing Methods 4.3.2 Three-Point Guidance Methods: Teleguidance Methods References CHAPTER 5 Radar 5.1 Basic Principles 5.2 Radar Types 5.2.1 Search and Detect Radars 5.2.2 Tracking Radars 5.2.3 Image Radars 5.3 Tactical and Technical Characteristics of the Radar References CHAPTER 6 Monopulse Radars 6.1 Basic Principles 6.2 Tracking Radars 6.2.1 Amplitude Sum-and-Difference System of Automatic Target Tracking 6.2.2 Phase Sum-and-Difference System of Automatic Target Tracking 6.3 Monopulse Antenna 6.3.1 Lens Antennas 6.3.2 Reflector Antennas 6.3.3 Arrays Antennas 6.4 Cross-Polarization Radiation 6.5 Radar Resolution on Angular Coordinates References CHAPTER 7 Some Interferences for Monopulse Radar 7.1 Camouflaging Interference 7.1.1 Active Camouflaging Interference 7.1.2 Passive Camouflaging Interference 7.2 Active Misinforming Interference 7.3 Interference due to High-Altitude Nuclear Explosions:Electromagnetic Weapons References CHAPTER 8 Interference Immunity of Monopulse Radar 8.1 Interference Immunity Indicators 8.2 Criterion for Assessing the Stability of Automatic Target Tracking by Monopulse Radar in Real Time References CHAPTER 9 Modeling 9.1 Formation Procedure of the Direction-Finding Characteristic 9.2 The Initial Impacts Classification 9.3 Formation Method of Stochastic Orthogonal Processes References CHAPTER 10 Interference Detection Problem 10.1 Testing a Simple Hypothesis Against a Simple Alternative 10.2 Testing a Complex Hypothesis Against a Simple Alternative 10.3 Determination of Estimates of the Maximum Similarities 10.4 Interference Recognition Procedure 10.4.1 Estimation of the Required Range of a Hypersonic Target Detection by the Missile Homing Head when Firing over the Horizon 10.4.2 Recognition Procedure for Some Interference Types References CHAPTER 11 Assessment of an Anti-Aircraft Missile System Operation in Interference Conditions 11.1 Assessment Probability of Target Defeat by One Missile 11.2 Radomes and Estimation of the Active Seeker Operating Wavelength 11.3 Operation of an Active Homing Head on a Group of Targets-Self-Cover Jammers 11.4 Probability a Target is Defeated by One Missile 11.5 Operating Principles of a Modern Anti-Aircraft Missile System on a Group Target 11.5.1 The Work of an Active Homing Head on a Group of Targets: Self-Cover Jammers 11.6 Operation of the Active Homing Head When Auto-Tracking a Low-Attitude Clean Target and Using an Antipode Jammer 11.6.1 Signal Processing and Decision Rules 11.6.2 Operation of the Active Seeker on the Clean Target, Which Creates a Mirror Image from the Earth’s (Water’s) Surface 11.6.3 The Work of the Active Seeker on a Target, that Creates Interference such as Antipode References CHAPTER 12 Synthesis of Solutions on Improving Interference Immunity Against the Impact of Polarization Interference 12.1 Calculation of Direction-Finding Characteristics 12.2 Assessing Accuracy of an Angular Auto-Tracking System of the Target under Conditions of Polarization Interfe 12.3 Stability of Target Auto-Tracking in Conditions of Polarization Interference 12.4 The Decision Synthesis, Providing Auto-Tracking Stability of the Polarization Interference Source 12.5 Evaluation of the Stability of an Angular Auto-Tracking System of a Target Under Conditions of Polarization Interference 12.6 Proposals to Improve the Interference Immunity of a Monopulse Direction Finder to the Effects of Polarization Interference 12.6.1 Operation of Prototype Mode: 1A 12.6.2 Operation in Mode of the Proposed Decision: 1B 12.6.3 Operation of Prototype Mode: 2A 12.6.4 Operation in Mode of the Proposed Decision: 2B 12.7 The Interference Immunity Indicator 12.8 Conclusion References CHAPTER 13 Solutions Synthesis to Increase the Noise Immunity of an Active Homing Head 13.1 Interference Immunity of a Missile Homing Head from Interference Along the Sidelobes of its Directional Pattern 13.2 Operation Assessment of the Air Defense Missile System for High-Speed and Low-Altitude Targets Without Interferen 13.2.1 Methods for Overcoming the Defeat Zone of an Anti-Aircraft Missile System 13.3 Solution Synthesis to Increase the Interference Immunity of an Active Homing Head During its Operation at Low-Altitude Targets and by a Group of Jammers 13.3.1 Options Analysis for Increasing the Accuracy and Formulation of the Synthesis Problem 13.3.2 Solution Synthesis 13.3.3 Solution for the Emitted Signal, Taking into Account the Limitations due to the Hardware Implementation of the Anti-Aircraft Missile System 13.3.4 Proposals for the Hardware Implementation of a Synthesized Solution in a Real Anti-Aircraft Missile System References CHAPTER 14 Determining Performance Limitationsof Existing Air Defense Systems for Intercepting Hypersonic Vehicles 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Field Scatter Pattern Calculation Mathematics 14.3 Evaluation of Interception Hypersonic Vehicles by Some Existing Air Defense Missile Systems 14.4 Calculation Results 14.5 Conclusion References Acronyms and Abbreviations About the Author Index