Principles of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning in Buildings 1st Edition

Principles of HVAC in Buildings by J. W. Mitchell and J. E. Braun provides foundational knowledge for the behavior and analysis of HVAC systems and related devices. The emphasis is on the application of engineering principles, and features a tight integration of physical descriptions with a software program that allows performance to be directly calculated, with results that provide insight into actual behavior. The examples, end-of-chapter problems, and design projects are more than exercises; they represent situations that an engineer might face in practice and are selected to illustrate the complex and integrated nature of an HVAC system or piece of equipment. Coverage of material applicable to the field is broad: a Fundamentals section on thermodynamics, fluid flow, heat transfer, and psychrometrics; types of HVAC systems and components; comfort and air quality criteria; a Loads section on weather data processing; design heating and cooling loads; an Equipment section on air and water distribution systems, heating and cooling coils, cooling towers, refrigeration equipment, and a Design and Control section on seasonal energy use, control techniques, supervisory control, the HVAC design process, and the rules of thumb often used in design. The textbook provides a foundation for students and practicing engineers to design HVAC systems for buildings. In addition, there is extensive supplemental on-line material that provides more in-depth and comprehensive treatment of equipment and component modeling and performance that is geared towards current and future equipment design engineers. Cover Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents Fundamentals 1 Introduction to HVAC Systems 1.1 Systems and Definitions 1.2 History of Air Conditioning 1.3 Trends in Energy Use and Impact 1.4 HVAC System Design and Operation 1.5 Energy Costs 1.6 Book Philosophy and Organization 1.7 Units 1.8 Summary Problems 2 System Analysis Techniques and the Use of EES 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Introduction to EES 2.3 Common Problems Encountered when Using EES 2.4 Curve Fitting Using EES 2.5 Optimization Using EES 2.6 Successful Problem Solving Using EES 2.7 Summary Problems 3 Thermodynamics and Fluid Flow in HVAC Applications 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Conservation of Mass 3.3 Conservation of Energy 3.4 Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Substances 3.5 Thermodynamic Limits on Performance 3.6 Thermodynamic Work Relations for Pure Substances 3.7 Thermodynamic Relations for Fluid Flow 3.8 Energy Loss Mechanisms in Fluid Flow 3.9 Summary Problems 4 Heat Transfer in HVAC Applications 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Conduction Heat Transfer 4.3 Convection Heat Transfer 4.4 Thermal Radiation Heat Transfer 4.5 Transient Heat Transfer 4.6 Combined-Mode Heat Transfer 4.7 Summary Problems 5 Psychrometrics for HVAC Applications 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Moist Air Properties 5.3 The Psychrometric Chart 5.4 The Standard Atmosphere 5.5 Determining Psychrometric Properties Using EES 5.6 Psychrometric Applications 5.7 Heat and Mass Transfer for Air–Water Vapor Mixtures 5.8 Summary Problems 6 Overview of HVAC Systems 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Overview of HVAC Systems and Components 6.3 Energy Comparison Between CAV and VAV Systems 6.4 HVAC System Performance Calculations 6.5 ASHRAE Load Calculation Equations 6.6 HVAC System Improvements and Alternatives 6.7 Summary Problems 7 Thermal Comfort and Air Quality 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Criteria for Occupant Comfort Inside Buildings 7.3 Criteria for Indoor Air Quality 7.4 Summary Problems Building Heating and Cooling Loads 8 Weather Data, Statistics, and Processing 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Design Temperature Parameters for HVAC Systems 8.3 Ambient Temperature and Humidity Correlations 8.4 Degree-Day Data and Correlations 8.5 Bin Method Data 8.6 Ground Temperature Correlations 8.7 Solar Radiation Fundamentals 8.8 Clear-Sky Solar Radiation 8.9 Weather Records 8.10 Summary Problems 9 Components of Building Heat Loss and Gain 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Thermal Resistance and Conductance of Building Elements 9.3 Heat Flow Through Opaque Exterior Surfaces 9.4 Transient Heat Flow Through Building Elements 9.5 Heat Flow Through Building Elements—Transfer Function Approach 9.6 Heat Flow Through Building Elements—Thermal Network Approach 9.7 Heat Flow Through Glazing 9.8 Energy Flows Due to Ventilation and Infiltration 9.9 Internal Thermal Gains 9.10 Summary Problems 10 Heating and Cooling Loads 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Design Heating Load 10.3 Design Sensible Cooling Load Using the Heat Balance Method 10.4 The Heat Balance Method Using the Thermal Network Approach 10.5 Design Latent Cooling Load 10.6 Design Loads Using the Thermal Network Method 10.7 Summary Problems Equipment 11 Air Distribution Systems 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Pressure Drops in Duct Systems 11.3 Design Methods for Air Distribution Systems 11.4 Fan Characteristics 11.5 Interaction Between Fan and Distribution System 11.6 Air Distribution in Zones 11.7 Heat Losses and Gains for Ducts 11.8 Air Leakage from Ducts 11.9 Summary Problems 12 Liquid Distribution Systems 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Head Loss and Pressure Drop in Liquid Distribution Systems 12.3 Water Distribution Systems 12.4 Steam Distribution Systems 12.5 Pump Characteristics 12.6 Heat Loss and Gain for Pipes 12.7 Summary Problems 13 Heat Exchangers for Heating and Cooling Applications 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Overall Heat Transfer Conductance 13.3 Heat Exchanger Thermal Performance 13.4 Heating Coil Selection Process 13.5 Cooling Coil Processes 13.6 Cooling Coil Performance Using a Heat Transfer Analogy 13.7 Cooling Coil Selection Procedure 13.8 Summary Problems 14 Cooling Towers and Desiccant Dehumidification Systems 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Cooling Towers 14.3 Cooling Tower Performance using an Analogy to Heat Transfer 14.4 Cooling Tower Selection Procedure 14.5 Desiccant Dehumidifiers 14.6 Desiccant Dehumidification Systems 14.7 Summary Problems 15 Vapor Compression Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Systems 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Vapor Compression System 15.3 Refrigerants 15.4 Vapor Compression System Compressors 15.5 Vapor Compression System Performance 15.6 Alternative Vapor Compression System Concepts 15.7 Summary Problems 16 Heat Pump Systems 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Air Source Heat Pumps 16.3 Ground Source Heat Pumps 16.4 Water Loop Heat Pump Systems 16.5 Summary Problems 17 Thermal Storage Systems 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Ice Storage Systems 17.3 Chilled Water Storage Systems 17.4 Cold Air Distribution Systems 17.5 Building Thermal Storage 17.6 Thermal Storage Control Strategies 17.7 Performance Characteristics of Ice Storage Tanks 17.8 Selection of Ice Storage Capacity 17.9 Summary Problems Design and Control of HVAC Systems 18 Building and HVAC Energy Use 18.1 Introduction 18.2 Weather Data for Energy Use Calculations 18.3 Degree-day Method for Estimation of Heating Energy Use 18.4 Bin Method for Estimating Energy Use 18.5 Simulation Methods for Estimating Energy Use 18.6 Thermal Network Method for Estimating Building Energy Use 18.7 Summary Problems 19 HVAC Control Principles 19.1 Introduction 19.2 Feedback Control Techniques 19.3 Implementation of Local Loop Control 19.4 Advanced Control Techniques 19.5 Summary Problems 20 Supervisory Control 20.1 Introduction 20.2 Introduction to Optimal Operation of HVAC Systems 20.3 Optimization Statement for All-Electric Cooling Plants Without Storage 20.4 Model-based Optimization Procedure 20.5 Quadratic Optimization Procedure 20.6 Simplified Control Strategies for System Components 20.7 Optimization Statement for All-Electric Cooling Plants with Storage 20.8 Simplified Control Strategies for Systems with Storage 20.9 Methods for Forecasting Building Loads 20.10 Summary Problems 21 Designing HVAC Systems 21.1 Introduction 21.2 Design Methodology 21.3 Life-Cycle Cost 21.4 Rules of Thumb 21.5 Design Problems for the Students Problems Appendix A: Thermal Property Values Appendix B: Psychrometric Charts for Sea-Level Conditions Appendix C: Wall and Roof Property Data References Nomenclature Index Machine generated contents note: 1. Introduction to Air-Conditioning Systems2. System Analysis Techniques and the Use of EES3. Thermodynamics and Fluid Flow in HVAC Applications4. Heat Transfer in HVAC Applications5. Psychrometrics for HVAC Applications6. Overview of HVAC Systems7. Thermal Comfort and Air Quality8. Weather Data, Statistics, and Processing9. Components of Building Heat Loss and Gain10. Heating and Cooling Loads11. Air Distribution Systems12. Liquid Distribution Systems13. Heat Exchangers for Heating and Cooling Applications14. Cooling Towers and Desiccant Systems15 Vapor-Compression Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Systems16. Heat Pump Systems17. Thermal Storage18. Building and HVAC Energy Use19. HVAC Control Principles20. Supervisory Control21. Engineering Design Problems. Heating Ventilation And Air Conditioning By J. W. Mitchell And J. E. Braun Provides Foundational Knowledge For The Behavior And Analysis Of Hvac Systems And Related Devices. The Emphasis Of This Text Is On The Application Of Engineering Principles That Features Tight Integration Of Physical Descriptions With A Software Program That Allows Performance To Be Directly Calculated, With Results That Provide Insight Into Actual Behavior. Furthermore, The Text Offers More Examples, End-of-chapter Problems, And Design Projects That Represent Situations An Engineer Might Face In Practice And Are Selected To Illustrate The Complex And Integrated Nature Of An Hvac System Or Piece Of Equipment--provided By Publisher. "Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning by J.W. Mitchell and J.E. Braun provides foundational knowledge for the behavior and analysis of HVAC systems and related devices. The emphasis of this text is on the application of engineering principles that features tight integration of physical descriptions with a software program that allows performance to be directly calculated, with results that provide insight into actual behavior. Furthermore, the text offers more examples, end-of-chapter problems, and design projects that represent situations an engineer might face in practice and are selected to illustrate the complex and integrated nature of an HVAC system or piece of equipment"-- Provided by publisher "Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning by J.W. Mitchell and J.E. Braun provides foundational knowledge for the behavior and analysis of HVAC systems and related devices. The emphasis of this text is on the application of engineering principles that features tight integration of physical descriptions with a software program that allows performance to be directly calculated, with results that provide insight into actual behavior. Furthermore, the text offers more examples, end-of-chapter problems, and design projects that represent situations an engineer might face in practice and are selected to illustrate the complex and integrated nature of an HVAC system or piece of equipment"--Résumé de l'éditeur