Principles Of Geology: Volume 2: An Attempt To Explain The Former Changes Of The Earth's Surface, By Reference To Causes Now In Operation (cambridge Library Collection - Earth Science)

In 1830-33, Charles Lyell laid the foundations of evolutionary biology with Principles of Geology, a pioneering book that Charles Darwin took with him on the Beagle. Volume 2 (1832) focuses on plants and animals, and consists of 17 chapters, a comprehensive index and woodcut illustrations of various natural habitats Lyell had observed. The author takes issue with the French biologist Lamarck's theory of the transmutation of species, though Darwin in fact later praised other aspects of Lamarck's work. Lyell examines the connections between the Earth's changing crust and the natural history of many species of birds, insects, mammals and fish. He discusses how wild species physically adapt over time to domestication, the diffusion of plants throughout their specific habitats, geographical distributions of certain types of animals, migratory pattern adaptation due to climate change, hybrid plants, species extinction and how organic deposits, such as moss, on emerging land affect species adaptation. In 1830-33, Charles Lyell laid the foundations of evolutionary biology with Principles of Geology, a pioneering three-volume book that Charles Darwin took with him on the Beagle. Lyell championed the ideas of geologist James Hutton, who formulated one of the fundamental principles of modern geology - uniformitarianism. This proposed that natural processes always operate according to the same laws, allowing us to understand how features of the Earth's surface were produced by physical, chemical, and biological processes over long periods of time. Volume 1 consists of 26 chapters, a comprehensive index and woodcut illustrations of various mechanisms of geological change. Lyell begins with a definition of geology and then reviews ancient theories of the successive destruction and renovation of the world. He mentions James Hutton's ideas in chapter four, and goes on to discuss the effects of climate change, running water, volcanic eruptions and earthquakes on the Earth's crust Cover......Page 1 Frontmatter......Page 8 PREFACE......Page 12 Contents......Page 14 Map......Page 21 CHAPTER I......Page 23 CHAPTER II......Page 40 CHAPTER III......Page 58 CHAPTER IV......Page 71 CHAPTER V......Page 88 CHAPTER VI......Page 109 CHAPTER VII......Page 127 CHAPTER VIII......Page 145 CHAPTER IX......Page 163 CHAPTER X......Page 180 CHAPTER XI......Page 198 CHAPTER XII......Page 207 CHAPTER XIII......Page 231 CHAPTER XIV......Page 250 CHAPTER XV......Page 261 CHAPTER XVI......Page 275 CHAPTER XVII......Page 294 CHAPTER XVIII......Page 305 DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES AND MAP......Page 325 INDEX......Page 333 Cover 1 Frontmatter 8 PREFACE 12 Contents 14 Map 21 CHAPTER I 23 CHAPTER II 40 CHAPTER III 58 CHAPTER IV 71 CHAPTER V 88 CHAPTER VI 109 CHAPTER VII 127 CHAPTER VIII 145 CHAPTER IX 163 CHAPTER X 180 CHAPTER XI 198 CHAPTER XII 207 CHAPTER XIII 231 CHAPTER XIV 250 CHAPTER XV 261 CHAPTER XVI 275 CHAPTER XVII 294 CHAPTER XVIII 305 DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES AND MAP 325 INDEX 333 9781108001366 Cambridge Library Collection - Life Sciences In 1832, Scottish geologist Charles Lyell published the second volume of his groundbreaking trilogy, which profoundly influenced Charles Darwin. Lyell examines the connections between the Earth's changing crust and the many species of birds, insects, mammals and fish that live on it, their distribution, migrations and adaptation to changing habitats.