Primate retina and choroid : atlas of its fine structure in man and monkey

Contents Introduction .......................................... . 1 The Primate Eye ...................................... . 2 Embryology of Retina and Choroid ....................... . 4 Microscopic Anatomy .................................. . 4 Retina ............................................ . 4 Choroid ........................................... . 8 Material and Methods .................................. . 10 Fine Structure of the Retina 14 RetinaI Pigment Epithelium ............................. . 16 Photoreceptor Cells ................................... . 30 Outer Plexiform Layer and Horizontal Cells .................. . 64 Bipolar, Radial Clial, and Amacrine Cells .................... . 76 Canglion Cells and InternaI Limiting Membrane ............... . 98 Spatial Density of RetinaI Cells .......................... . 112 Fine Structure of the Choroid ........................... . 116 Choroidocapillaris and Its Fiber System ..................... . 118 Arteries, Veins, and Lymphatic Spaces ...................... . 134 Choroidal Nerves .................................... . 142 Cells of Choroidal Connective Tissue ....................... . 148 References ........................................... . 153 Index ................................................ . 157 vii This volume describes the morphology of the primate re tina as seen with the electron microscope. As it is an atlas, the electron micrographs are its most In trad lietian important part. The text accompanies the figures, highlighting selected topics either to explain structures or to point out structure-function relation­ ships. A scholarly review of the whole spectrum of research on the re tina and choroid is not feasible in a single volume. Thus, whenever available, review artides or monographs, rather than original work, are cited for reference. This elegant atlas presents the three-dimensional fine structure of the primate retina and choroid, two component tissues of the primate eye that, although crucial for vision and of complex organization, are less than one millimeter in thickness together. A large number of electron micrographs of striking clarity and detail illustrate the subtle yet significant changes in morphology from cell layer to cell layer as revealed by tangential section. Each plate is accompanied by a concise description of morphological characteristics and their relevance for visual function. Related developmental, biochemical, and physiological aspects, as well as data on the quantitative composition of the retina, are also included. An introductory section summarizes what is currently known about the relationship between structure and function for the human and monkey retina and choroid. This atlas will be an attractive and valuable reference for all eye researchers and ophthalmic practitioners concerned with the anatomical basis of primate vision. Front Matter....Pages i-vii Introduction....Pages 1-1 The Primate Eye....Pages 2-3 Embryology of Retina and Choroid....Pages 4-4 Microscopic Anatomy....Pages 4-9 Material and Methods....Pages 10-13 Fine Structure of the Retina....Pages 14-111 Spatial Density of Retinal Cells....Pages 112-115 Fine Structure of the Choroid....Pages 116-151 Back Matter....Pages 153-160 Wolf Krebs, Ingeborg Krebs. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 153-156) And Index.