Prehypertension And Cardiometabolic Syndrome (updates In Hypertension And Cardiovascular Protection)

This book sheds new light on the management of patients with borderline cardiovascular risk factors in order to prevent their progression to end organ damage. The book stimulates discussion of this poorly understood condition and lays the groundwork for developing recommendations and guidelines. While the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to full-blown diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity is well defined, there is still a lack of clear understanding and guidelines as far as patients with borderline conditions – especially when multiple – are concerned. Moreover, end-organ damage depends on several factors, including genetic factors, making it difficult to predict its extent. As such, the gradual transition from a healthy subject to one with functional hemodynamic changes, and then one with structurally asymptomatic changes and lastly to overt disease needs further investigation. In order to address these knowledge gaps, the book covers a broad variety of topics, making it a valuable tool for identifying which asymptomatic subjects could profit from being appropriately screened and at what stage. Furthermore it offers insights into better treating these patients to prevent their progression to overt disease. The book appeals to cardiologists, primary care physicians and all those healthcare professional looking to optimize the management of these complex and often undiagnosed cases. Front Matter ....Pages i-xii Front Matter ....Pages 1-1 High-Normal Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents (Mieczysław Litwin, Janusz Feber, Zbigniew Kułaga)....Pages 3-16 History of Prehypertension: Past and Present, a Saga of Misunderstanding and Neglect (Reuven Zimlichman, Stevo Julius, Giuseppe Mancia)....Pages 17-26 Parental History of Hypertension as the Determinant of Cardiovascular Function (Katarzyna Stolarz-Skrzypek, Danuta Czarnecka)....Pages 27-36 Prehypertension, the Risk of Hypertension and Events (Michael Doumas, Niki Katsiki, Dimitri P. Mikhailidis)....Pages 37-55 Prehypertension and the Cardiometabolic Syndrome (Talma Rosenthal)....Pages 57-66 Prehypertension: Definition and Epidemiology (Sadi Gulec, Cetin Erol)....Pages 67-77 Prehypertension, Statistics and Health Burden (Andrzej Januszewicz, Aleksander Prejbisz)....Pages 79-98 Front Matter ....Pages 99-99 Arterial Stiffness in Early Phases of Prehypertension (Stéphane Laurent, Pedro Guimarães Cunha)....Pages 101-126 Central Blood Pressure and Prehypertension (Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios, Dimitrios Tousoulis)....Pages 127-136 Diurnal and Pulsatile Hemodynamics in Individuals with Prehypertension (Thomas Weber, Siegfried Wassertheurer, Bernhard Hametner, Brigitte Kupka, Kai Mortensen)....Pages 137-147 Early Changes in Renal Vasculature in Prehypertension (Hermann Haller, Anna Bertram, Klaus Stahl, Jan Menne)....Pages 149-157 Heart and Prehypertension (Cesare Cuspidi, Marijana Tadic, Guido Grassi)....Pages 159-170 Hemodynamics of Prehypertension (Peter W. de Leeuw, Barry van Varik, Daan J. L. van Twist, Abraham A. Kroon)....Pages 171-182 Microvascular Structural Alterations and Tissue Perfusion in Hypertension/Diabetes (Damiano Rizzoni, Carolina De Ciuceis, Enzo Porteri, Enrico Agabiti-Rosei, Claudia Agabiti-Rosei)....Pages 183-196 Obesity-Hypertension Physiopathology and Treatment: A Forty-Year Retrospect (Jonathan Owen, Stephen Morse, Angela McLean, Efrain Reisin)....Pages 197-229 Pre-chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)? Is It Time for a New Staging? (Alexander H. Kirsch, Alexander R. Rosenkranz)....Pages 231-240 Prehypertension and Vascular-Renal Impairment (Celine Dreyfuss-Tubiana, Michel E. Safar, Jacques Blacher)....Pages 241-249 Subclinical Vascular Damage in Prehypertension (Enrico Agabiti-Rosei, Anna Paini, Massimo Salvetti)....Pages 251-256 Systolic Hypertension in Youth (James D. H. Goodman, Ian B. Wilkinson, Carmel M. McEniery)....Pages 257-270 The Role of Perivascular Fat in Raising Blood Pressure in Obesity and Diabetes (Reza Aghamohammadzadeh, Anthony M. Heagerty)....Pages 271-288 Front Matter ....Pages 289-289 Endothelial Dysfunction in Early Phases of Hypertension (Stefano Taddei, Rosa Maria Bruno, Stefano Masi)....Pages 291-306 Prehypertension and the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (Elena Kaschina, Thomas Unger)....Pages 307-318 Tachycardia in Prehypertension (Paolo Palatini)....Pages 319-339 The Role of the Brain in Prehypertension (Stevo Julius)....Pages 341-348 The Role of the Brain in Neurogenic Prehypertension (Gino Seravalle, Dagmara Hering, Guido Grassi, Krzysztof Narkiewicz)....Pages 349-360 Front Matter ....Pages 361-361 Blood Pressure and Atherosclerosis: Subclinical Arteriosclerosis as an Early Sign of Organ Damage (Raimund Erbel, Nils Lehmann, Andreas Stang, Sofia Churzidse, Susanne Moebus, Karl-Heinz Jöckel)....Pages 363-381 Blood Pressure Measurement, White-Coat and Masked Hypertension (G. Seravalle, G. Grassi, Giuseppe Mancia)....Pages 383-394 Blood Pressure Variability (Gianfranco Parati, Juan Eugenio Ochoa)....Pages 395-417 Home Blood Pressure Monitoring in Prehypertension and Hypertension (Angeliki Ntineri, Anastasios Kollias, George S. Stergiou)....Pages 419-435 Morning Surge of Blood Pressure in Prehypertension and Hypertension (Uday M. Jadhav, Onkar C. Swami)....Pages 437-449 Physical Activity and Exercise Training as Important Modifiers of Vascular Health (Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss)....Pages 451-469 Role of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Prehypertension (Giacomo Pucci, Gianpaolo Reboldi, Fabio Angeli, Dario Turturiello, Paolo Verdecchia)....Pages 471-491 Sympathoadrenal Reactivity to Stress as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Risk Factors (Arnljot Flaa, Morten Rostrup, Sverre E. Kjeldsen, Ivar Eide)....Pages 493-525 Front Matter ....Pages 527-527 Early Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Prehypertension (Ana Jelaković, Živka Dika, Vesna Herceg-Čavrak, Mario Laganović, Dragan Lović, Bojan Jelaković)....Pages 529-549 Front Matter ....Pages 551-551 Neurogenic Mechanisms in Prehypertension and Pharmacologic Approaches to the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension: Highlights of Professor Stevo Julius’ Scientific Contributions (Brent M. Egan)....Pages 553-569 The PREVER Study (Sandra Costa Fuchs, Flávio Danni Fuchs)....Pages 571-582 Front Matter ....Pages 583-583 Antihypertensive Drugs and Vascular Health (Alan C. Cameron, Giacomo Rossitto, Ninian N. Lang, Rhian M. Touyz)....Pages 585-605 Management of Prehypertension and Hypertension in Women of Childbearing Age (Agnieszka Olszanecka, Danuta Czarnecka)....Pages 607-627 Non-pharmacologic Approaches for the Management of Prehypertension (Reuven Zimlichman)....Pages 629-642 Prehypertension: A Case in Favor of Early Use of Diuretics (Flávio Danni Fuchs, Sandra Costa Fuchs)....Pages 643-656 Prehypertension in the Era of Personalized Medicine in 2017 (Pavel Hamet, Mounsif Haloui, Johanne Tremblay)....Pages 657-675 Treatment of High-Normal Blood Pressure in the Guidelines (Jana Brguljan, Giuseppe Ambrosio)....Pages 677-689