Prediction and Regulation of Air Pollution (Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library Book 14)

Investigations of atmospheric pollution have recently reached a new stage. In addition to the estimation and the monitoring of pollutant concentrations in the air around their sources, by way of observational data and also by calcu­ lations on the basis of theoretical research, it is now possible to make short­ term forecasts of air pollution and to use them to regulate industrial emissions. Many countries are interested in such forecasts. In the Soviet Union the organizations of the State Committee of the USSR for Hydrometeorology (Goskomgidromet) are carrying out a wide-scale scientific programme on the devising of methods to forecast atmospheric pollution. Prognostic groups are organized in territorial hydrometeocenters; in essence a new forecasting service has been established. Nowadays, in more than 200 towns of the USSR predictions are made and transmitted to large enterprises for the purpose of taking the necessary steps to preserve air qua­ lity. To ensure an operative working of this service, Methodological Instruc­ (1979) have been issued, as well as other instructions and guides. Wide­ tions scale verifications of proposed calculating methods have been made. Prob­ lems of forecasting and regulating air pollution have become evident lately in other countries as well. Much attention to these problems is payed by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). They have been widely dis­ cussed in a number of international conferences and meetings for modelling and investigating pollutant distribution in the atmosphere. The number of publications on this subject is rapidly increasing. Front Matter....Pages I-XIII Criteria of atmospheric air pollution hazards and their application in forecasting....Pages 1-11 Physical principles of air pollution forecasting....Pages 12-50 Anomalously hazardous conditions of pollutant diffusion....Pages 51-73 Numerical methods of air pollution forecasting....Pages 74-140 Correlations between air pollution and meteorological conditions....Pages 141-158 Statistical methods of air pollution forecasting....Pages 159-201 Forecasting unfavourable meteorological conditions....Pages 202-243 Allowance for urban microclimate in forecasting unfavourable meteorological conditions....Pages 244-251 Regulation of emissions into the atmosphere....Pages 252-265 Effectivenness of forecasts and further problems....Pages 266-279 Back Matter....Pages 280-312