Positive Design and Appreciative Construction: From Sustainable Development to Sustainable Value. Advances in Appreciative Inquiry, Volume 3

''This volume is focused on sustainable value which has become a widespread aspiration in all walks of life. By taking a generative approach and by building on positive design principles inherent in the appreciative inquiry methodology, we propose moving from sustainable development to sustainable value. Chapters focus on three thematic areas. Contributors to the first one, positive design for sustainable value, respond to questions such as: How can the design approach help enhance the sustainable value over profit value? What needs to happen to create a vibrant community of practice among design practitioners, scientists, business and political leaders? Contributors to the second thematic area, Appreciative Intelligence and Social Innovation for Sustainable Value, provide case studies that will show that by reframing global problems with an appreciative lens, organizations of all sorts can indeed create social innovation and even establish a business caseA'' for sustainable value. The third thematic area is focused on social entrepreneurship for sustainable value. Social entrepreneurship bridges the gap among established organizations such as the businesses, and citizen initiatives and has the greatest potential for validating sustainable value as a legitimate goal for organizations of all sorts. Organizations such as the Ashoka have demonstrated the power of wide-spread social entrepreneurship. Contributors to this area provide lessons learned from high impact social entrepreneurship and conceptualize how this nascent movement with unbridled potential may contribute to the radical shift necessary for moving from sustainable development to sustainable value. This volume draws on the presentations of selected key participants in the 2009 Global Forum which brought about 600 CEOs, managers, academics, and students together to change the field of management. The forum was co-convened by the Center for BAWB at Case Western Reserve University, the United Nations Global Compact, and the Academy of Management. (For further information, see http://worldbenefit.case.edu/forum2009/).'' Foreword......Page 1 References......Page 6 Advances in appreciative inquiry......Page 8 Editorial Board2......Page 9 List of contributors......Page 10 Dedication......Page 12 Copyright_page......Page 13 Introduction to positive design and appreciative construction: From sustainable development to sustainable value......Page 14 Part I: Organizational and strategic perspectives......Page 18 Part II: Positive design perspectives......Page 20 Part III: Appreciative intelligence perspectives......Page 22 Part IV: Social entrepreneurship perspectives......Page 25 Conclusion......Page 26 References......Page 27 Creating sustainable value: A strength-based whole system approach......Page 28 How sustainability is perceived by most managers......Page 29 How we define sustainability......Page 30 Overview of the sustainability strategy process......Page 31 Establish the Baseline......Page 34 Determine Sustainable Value Trends......Page 36 Steps 3, 4, and 5: Developing the Sustainable Value Vision, Designing the Pathway, and Capturing the Value......Page 37 From Piecemeal to Whole System......Page 38 From Deficit-Based to Strength-Based Thinking......Page 39 Appreciative Inquiry Combining Whole System and Strength-Based Change......Page 40 Steps 6 and 7: Organizational Learning and Capacity Building......Page 42 References......Page 43 Designing a positive image: corporate branding and Social responsibility......Page 45 Design Considerations......Page 47 Adding CSR to branding......Page 50 Positive Messaging: A Green-is-Gold Story......Page 51 Design Questions: VCI Alignment......Page 52 Decision Process: Bringing the Inside Out......Page 53 Design Questions: Winning Over Stakeholders......Page 54 Johnson and Johnsons’ Campaign for Nursing’s Future......Page 55 Design Criteria: Win-Win......Page 56 Design Questions: Limited Scope......Page 57 Unilever: Bringing Vitality to Life......Page 58 Bringing the Business to CSR......Page 59 Design Limits: Local Resistance......Page 60 Product Design......Page 62 Using Branding and CSR to Drive Change......Page 63 References......Page 64 Bridging design and management for sustainability: Epistemological problems and possibilities......Page 66 Discourses bridging design and management......Page 68 The Design management Discourse and Its Characteristics......Page 69 The Design Thinking Discourse and Its Characteristics......Page 70 The Appreciative Inquiry Discourse and Its Characteristics......Page 72 Sustainability Within the Appreciative Inquiry Discourse......Page 73 The paradigmatic differences between the three discourses......Page 74 Epistemological Problems and Possibilities......Page 75 Projects Embracing These Ideas and Putting Them into Action......Page 77 Further Links between Design Thinking and Appreciative Inquiry......Page 80 Conclusion......Page 81 References......Page 82 A whole new value: Driving innovation, sustainability, and prosperity through appreciative inquiry......Page 85 Understanding the value shift......Page 86 Discovering sustainable value: The call for appreciative intelligence......Page 94 Changing at the scale of the whole: The call for appreciative inquiry......Page 96 Coconstructing in a New Way: Principle of Design......Page 100 References......Page 101 The road to Sustainable Value: The path-dependent construction of sustainable innovation as sociomaterial practices in the car industry......Page 105 Introduction......Page 106 Research design......Page 107 Data Collection and Analysis......Page 108 The Path Leading to the Dominance of the Internal Combustion Engine......Page 110 General Motors......Page 111 Contingent Critical Events in the Development of LEV Technologies......Page 112 Zero-Emission Vehicle Program of the Californian Air Resource Board......Page 113 Introduction of the Prius......Page 116 California Fuel Cell Partnership (CaFCP)......Page 117 Discussion......Page 118 From Sustainable Development to Sustainable Value......Page 120 References......Page 121 Stewardship design principles: learning from living systems (BIRDS) to codesign fast-forward futures......Page 123 Properties of open (living) systems and links to BIRDS stewardship principles......Page 126 From causal texture to stewardship principles......Page 127 Stewardship and design......Page 128 The BIRDS stewardship design principles......Page 130 Balance......Page 131 Interdependence......Page 132 Regeneration......Page 133 Diversity......Page 134 Succession......Page 135 From fast-fail to fast-forward to achieve more resilient futures......Page 137 References......Page 138 Forms of government and systemic sustainability: A positive design approach to the design of information systems......Page 142 The positive lens......Page 144 Sustainability......Page 145 Framework for the social construction of technology......Page 146 Organizational influence on IS......Page 147 Metaphors in information systems design......Page 148 Metaphors and governments......Page 149 Military Dictatorship, Military Juntas, or Stratocracy......Page 150 Bureaucracy......Page 151 Meritocracy......Page 152 Panarchism......Page 153 Anarchy......Page 154 Forms of government, sustainability, and positive design......Page 155 Summary and future research......Page 157 References......Page 158 The generative potential of participatory geographic information systems......Page 161 Sustainable value......Page 163 GIS Basics......Page 167 Generative Capacity......Page 168 Generation of community sustainable value in participatory GIS......Page 169 Applications of Participatory GIS......Page 172 Developing Participatory GIS......Page 173 Discussion......Page 174 References......Page 175 The art museum as laboratory for reimagining a sustainable future......Page 178 Background......Page 180 Guiding ideas as sustainable value......Page 182 Museums as wonder laboratories......Page 183 Dimensions of the museum experience......Page 184 The playful mind......Page 186 Appreciative intelligence and critical thinking......Page 188 Understanding by design......Page 190 Notes......Page 192 References......Page 193 Two inquiry-based approaches to sustainable value: Positive design and integrative thinking......Page 195 The Tata Nano......Page 196 Dealing with wicked problems......Page 198 Positive design and wicked problems......Page 201 The Role of Inquiry in Positive Design......Page 203 Integrative thinking......Page 204 The positive design mindset and integrative thinking......Page 205 Overview and conclusion......Page 209 References......Page 212 Sustainability and Organizational change: employees’ Perspective on the case of streamline manufacturing......Page 215 The streamline project......Page 216 Change toward Sustainability......Page 217 Positive Organizational Change......Page 218 Interview Protocol Development......Page 219 Semistructured Interviews......Page 220 Grounded Analysis......Page 221 Distributing leadership......Page 222 Elevated meaning-making in action learning......Page 224 Teams Reinforced the Personal......Page 225 Designing in the Environmental Concerns......Page 227 Shadowside: Personal Sacrifice......Page 228 Discussion......Page 229 Conclusion......Page 231 References......Page 232 Appendix. The interview protocol ......Page 234 Appreciative intelligence in action - A case study of sustainable value creation by Irupana Organic Food of Bolivia......Page 236 Introduction......Page 237 Appreciative intelligence......Page 238 Sustainable value......Page 239 Sustainable value framework......Page 240 Methodology......Page 242 The Irupana story......Page 243 Reframing the Potential in the Poverty of the Bolivian Altiplano......Page 244 Appreciating the Positive in the Bolivian Altiplano......Page 245 Seeing the Future Unfold from the Present at Irupana......Page 246 Persistence......Page 247 Building appreciative intelligence......Page 248 Generative Language......Page 249 Culture of the Possible......Page 250 Conclusions......Page 252 References......Page 253 Principal product from Irupana......Page 254 Production and export of organic products in Bolivia......Page 255 Social entrepreneurship: A model for sustainable value creation......Page 256 Social Entrepreneurship: A Model for Sustainable Value Creation?......Page 258 Models of social entrepreneurship......Page 260 The problem: The digital divide......Page 262 The Social Entrepreneur: Khalid Quadir......Page 263 bracNet’s Beginnings: The Shared-Value Creation Strategy......Page 264 Partnering for Social Impact......Page 265 Creating Sustainable Social Value: The E-hut Concept......Page 266 Financing Business at the Base of the Pyramid......Page 267 How can Social Entrepreneurship Serve as Model for Sustainable Value Creation?......Page 268 References......Page 270 Sustainability and impact of microfinance institutions: A case study of ACCION San Diego......Page 272 Creating sustainable value......Page 273 Methodology/approaches......Page 275 Conceptual framework......Page 277 ACCION SD: transforming the lives of microentrepreneurs......Page 280 ACCION SD’s Client Success Model......Page 281 Reframing to See the Positive Potential......Page 282 Lending......Page 283 Inspiring......Page 284 Appreciative intelligence at client level......Page 286 Sustaining Cycles of Success......Page 287 Conclusion......Page 289 References......Page 291 Positive design and construction of mechanisms for the sustainable development of microenterprises in Africa......Page 293 Introduction......Page 294 Microcredit and microenterprises......Page 295 Designing enterprise resources for sustainability......Page 300 Mozambique: Context of research......Page 301 Research design and methods......Page 304 Program design......Page 307 Conclusions and future research......Page 310 References......Page 311 Creating macro actors for sustainable development......Page 314 Actor-network theory......Page 316 The Scientific Method......Page 318 Application of ANT at a large research university......Page 319 Application of ANT Methodology and Results......Page 321 Identify and Describe the Purpose, Needs, and Benefits of the CSF and Sustainable Development......Page 322 Develop a List of Key Actor-Networks or Stakeholders and Define their Interests, Needs, and Requirements......Page 323 Enroll, Mobilize, Empower, and Coordinate Actor-Networks as Translators, i.e., Create Chains of Translators, and Minimize Resistance......Page 325 Develop and Implement Strategies for Expansion and Continuance of the Network by Engaging New Actants and Creating Centers of Translation, Black Boxes, and Macro Actors......Page 327 Conclusion......Page 329 Note......Page 330 References......Page 331 Introduction to positive design and appreciative construction : from sustainable development to sustainable value / Tojo Thatchenkery, Michel Avital and David L. Cooperrider -- Creating sustainable value : a strength-based whole system approach / Chris Laszlo and David L. Cooperrider -- designing a positive image : corporate branding and social responsibility / Mary Jo Hatch and Philip H. Mirvis -- Bridging design and management for sustainability : epistemological problems and possibilities / Ulla Johansson and Jill Woodilla -- A whole new value : driving innovation, sustainability and prosperity through appreciative inquiry / Nadya Zhexembayeva -- The road to sustainable value : the path-dependent construction of sustainable innovation as sociomaterial practices in the car industry / Wietske Van Osch and Michel Avital -- Stewardship design principles : learning from living systems (BIRDS) to codesign fast-forward futures / Anthony E. Smith -- .Forms of government and systemic sustainability : a positive design approach to the design of information systems / Kenneth E. Kendall and Julie E. Kendall -- The generative potential of participatory geographic information systems / Dirk S. Hovorka and Nancy Auerbach -- The art museum as laboratory for re-imagining a sustainable future / Theresa McNichol -- Two inquiry-based approaches to sustainable value : positive design and integrative thinking / David Dunne -- Sustainability and organizational change : employees perspective on the case of streamline manufacturing / Hilary Bradbury-Huang -- Appreciative intelligence in action : a case study of sustainable value creation by Irupana Organic Food of Bolivia / Michael Daniel Metzger, Héctor Martinez and Miguel Angel Lopez -- Social entrepreneurship : a model for sustainable value creation / Michael Pirson -- Sustainability and impact of microfinance institutions : a case study of ACCION San Diego / Kokila Doshi -- .Positive design and construction of mechanisms for the sustainable development of micro-enterprises in Africa / Carol Dalglish and Judy Matthews -- Creating macro actors for sustainable development / Chester C. Warzynski and Alesia Krupenikava This volume is focused on sustainable value which has become a widespread aspiration in all walks of life. By taking a generative approach and by building on positive design principles inherent in the appreciative inquiry methodology, we propose moving from sustainable development to sustainable value. what several articles, including David's on Sustainable innovationut design in scrimination that you feel so stChapters focus on three thematic areas. Contributors to the first one, positive design for sustainable value, respond to questions such as: How can the design approach help enhance the sustainable value over profit value? What needs to happen to create a vibrant community of practice among design practitioners, scientists, business and political leaders? Contributors to the second thematic area, Appreciative Intelligence and Social Innovation for Sustainable Value, provide case studies that will show that by reframing global problems with an appreciative lens, organizations of all sorts can indeed create social innovation and even establish a business case for sustainable value. The third thematic area is focused on social entrepreneurship for sustainable value. Social entrepreneurship bridges the gap among established organizations such as the businesses, and citizen initiatives and has the greatest potential for validating sustainable value as a legitimate goal for organizations of all sorts. Organizations such as the Ashoka have demonstrated the power of wide-spread social entrepreneurship. Contributors to this area provide lessons learned from high impact social entrepreneurship and conceptualize how this nascent movement with unbridled potential may contribute to the radical shift necessary for moving from sustainable development to sustainable value This volume is focused on sustainable value which has become a widespread aspiration in all walks of life. By taking a generative approach and by building on positive design principles inherent in the appreciative inquiry methodology, it proposes moving from sustainable development to sustainable value. Chapters focus on three thematic areas for sustainable value: positive design, appreciative intelligence and social innovation, and social entrepreneurship. Contributions respond to questions such as: How can the design approach help enhance the sustainable value over profit value? And what needs to happen to create a vibrant community of practice among design practitioners, scientists, business and political leaders? Case studies show that by reframing global problems with an appreciative lens, organizations of all sorts can indeed create social innovation and even establish a business case for sustainable value. It provides lessons learned from high impact social entrepreneurship and conceptualizes how this nascent movement with unbridled potential may contribute to the radical shift necessary for moving from sustainable development to sustainable value.