Pollutant Discharge And Water Quality In Urbanisation (springerbriefs In Water Science And Technology)

The main purpose of water quality monitoring may be seen as evaluating water quality conformity against water quality standards, especially for administrative purposes. Moreover, water quality monitoring data can be applied to estimate and evaluate pollutant loads in rivers. Chronological water quality fluctuations and vertical water quality profiles in water bodies are also important when taking into account the effects of land-based pollutants on coastal sea and estuary water quality. This book discusses the relationships between pollutant discharge and water quality, taking into account urban development and indicators like the pollutant load per capita flowing into the water body (PLCwb), an index used to evaluate the contribution of municipal wastewater pollutant discharge to pollutant loads flowing into ambient water bodies such as coastal zones, bays and lakes. Water quality is the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water. It is most frequently used by reference to a set of standards against which compliance can be assessed. The most common standards used to assess water quality relate to drinking water, safety of human contact, and for health of ecosystems. The vast majority of surface water on the planet is neither potable nor toxic. This remains true even if sea water in the oceans (which is too salty to drink) isn't counted. Another general perception of water quality is that of a simple property that tells whether water is polluted or not. In fact, water quality is a very complex subject, in part because water is a complex medium intrinsically tied to the ecology of the Earth. Industrial pollution is a major cause of water pollution, as well as runoff from agricultural areas, urban stormwater runoff and discharge of treated and untreated sewage (especially in developing countries). This new book gathers the latest research from around the globe in this field. Front Matter....Pages i-xiv Water Quality in the Rivers and Coastal Areas....Pages 1-7 Pollutant Load and Water Quality....Pages 9-24 Soft Measures in Households....Pages 25-36 Relationship Between Economic Development and Pollutant Discharge per Capita (PDC)....Pages 37-44 Pollutant Discharge Control of Municipal Wastewater....Pages 45-68 Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries....Pages 69-88 Back Matter....Pages 89-92