Political systems of East Asia. by Louis D. Hayes, Korea, and Japan. by Louis D. Hayes : China, Korea, and Japan. by Louis D. Hayes

This innovative, interdisciplinary introduction to East Asian politics uses a thematic approach to describe the political development of China, Japan, and Koreas since the mid-nineteenth century and analyze the social, cultural, political, and economic features of each country. Unlike standard comparative politics texts which often lack a unifying theme and employ Western conventions of the 'state', "Political Systems of East Asia" avoids these limitations and identifies a common thread running through the histories of China, Korea, and Japan. This common thread is Confucianism, which has shaped East Asian perspectives of the universe and how it operates. The text describes and explains the ways in which each country has employed this shared tradition, and how it has affected the country's internal dynamics, responses to the outside world, and its own political development. Cover......Page 1 Half Title......Page 2 Title Page......Page 4 Copyright Page......Page 5 Table of Contents......Page 6 Preface......Page 10 Introduction......Page 12 Map of the Region......Page 16 Part I. China......Page 18 Confucius and the Chinese Way......Page 20 Science and Technology......Page 25 The Imperial Chinese State......Page 27 Political History......Page 29 2. China and the West......Page 33 The Taiping Rebellion and Other Uprisings......Page 37 Modernization and Reform......Page 39 The First Sino-Japanese War......Page 40 The Boxer Rebellion and the Collapse of Imperial China......Page 41 The Twenty-one Demands......Page 42 3. Revolution......Page 44 The Chinese Brand of Communism......Page 48 The Rise of the CCP......Page 52 China and World War II......Page 54 The People's Republic of China......Page 57 4. Maoism......Page 60 Class Struggle......Page 63 The Role of Force......Page 64 The Nature of Revolution......Page 65 The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution......Page 66 The Role of the Party......Page 68 Isolationism......Page 69 Mao and Confucianism......Page 70 The Post-Mao Era......Page 71 5. China After Mao......Page 72 The Military......Page 74 The Party......Page 76 The Legislative Branch......Page 77 The Executive Branch......Page 79 The Legal System......Page 80 Population......Page 86 Education......Page 89 Economic Policy......Page 90 The Minority Question......Page 93 Foreign Relations......Page 95 Part II. Korea......Page 98 7. In the Shadow of China......Page 100 China's Continuing Dominance......Page 101 The Pervasive Influence of Confucianism......Page 103 Isolation and Domination......Page 104 Korea's Vulnerable Geographic Position......Page 106 Japan's Annexation of Korea......Page 107 Korea Under Japanese Rule......Page 108 9. Partition and War......Page 111 Great Power Diplomacy......Page 112 Military Occupation......Page 117 The Korean War......Page 120 Armistice......Page 122 Syngman Rhee, 1875–1965......Page 125 U.S.–South Korean Relations......Page 130 Kim Il Sung, 1912–1994......Page 133 Political Reforms......Page 135 Kim Jong Il, 1941–2011......Page 138 North Korea's Development Prospects......Page 139 North Korea's Nuclear Program......Page 141 Reunification......Page 146 Postwar Governments......Page 148 The Political System......Page 152 U.S.–South Korean Security Relations......Page 155 Part III. Japan......Page 158 The Influence of China......Page 160 The Three Shogunates......Page 161 The Rise of the Imperial System......Page 165 The End of Seclusion......Page 166 The Meiji Restoration......Page 168 The Advent of Imperial Japan......Page 169 The Rise of Totalitarianism......Page 172 Collision Course......Page 177 Confrontation in China......Page 178 The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere......Page 181 The Tripartite Pact......Page 183 Aftermath of the War......Page 185 16. The Japanese Miracle......Page 189 The Post–World War II Economy......Page 190 Employment and Compensation Systems......Page 193 The Export Economy......Page 195 Boom and Bust......Page 196 The Legislative System......Page 199 The Bureaucracy......Page 202 The Legal System......Page 204 The Political Party System......Page 207 The Liberal Democratic Party......Page 208 The Japan Socialist Party......Page 209 The Japan Communist Party......Page 211 The Democratic Party of Japan......Page 212 Toward a Two-Party System?......Page 214 Population......Page 215 Education......Page 216 Foreign Relations......Page 219 Relations with Neighbors......Page 220 Relations with the United States......Page 223 Appendices......Page 226 Appendix 1 The Constitution of the People's Republic of China......Page 228 Appendix 2 The Constitution of the Republic of Korea......Page 244 Appendix 3 The Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea......Page 247 Appendix 4 The Constitution of Japan......Page 252 Notes......Page 256 Index......Page 276 About the Author......Page 289 Cover 1 Half Title 2 Title Page 4 Copyright Page 5 Table of Contents 6 Preface 10 Introduction 12 Map of the Region 16 Part I. China 18 1. The Confucian Tradition 20 Confucius and the Chinese Way 20 Science and Technology 25 The Imperial Chinese State 27 Political History 29 2. China and the West 33 The Taiping Rebellion and Other Uprisings 37 Modernization and Reform 39 The First Sino-Japanese War 40 The Boxer Rebellion and the Collapse of Imperial China 41 The Twenty-one Demands 42 3. Revolution 44 The Chinese Brand of Communism 48 The Rise of the CCP 52 China and World War II 54 The People's Republic of China 57 4. Maoism 60 Class Struggle 63 The Role of Force 64 The Nature of Revolution 65 The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution 66 The Role of the Party 68 Isolationism 69 Mao and Confucianism 70 The Post-Mao Era 71 5. China After Mao 72 The Military 74 The Party 76 The Legislative Branch 77 The Executive Branch 79 The Legal System 80 6. Contemporary Issues 86 Population 86 Education 89 Economic Policy 90 The Minority Question 93 Foreign Relations 95 Part II. Korea 98 7. In the Shadow of China 100 China's Continuing Dominance 101 The Pervasive Influence of Confucianism 103 Isolation and Domination 104 8. Korea and Imperialism 106 Korea's Vulnerable Geographic Position 106 Japan's Annexation of Korea 107 Korea Under Japanese Rule 108 9. Partition and War 111 Great Power Diplomacy 112 Military Occupation 117 The Korean War 120 Armistice 122 10. Korea and the Cold War 125 Syngman Rhee, 1875–1965 125 U.S.–South Korean Relations 130 11. The Hermit Kingdom 133 Kim Il Sung, 1912–1994 133 Political Reforms 135 Kim Jong Il, 1941–2011 138 North Korea's Development Prospects 139 North Korea's Nuclear Program 141 Reunification 146 12. Asian Tiger 148 Postwar Governments 148 The Political System 152 The South Korean Economy 155 U.S.–South Korean Security Relations 155 Part III. Japan 158 13. Japan in Isolation 160 The Influence of China 160 The Three Shogunates 161 The Rise of the Imperial System 165 14. Japan and the World 166 The End of Seclusion 166 The Meiji Restoration 168 The Advent of Imperial Japan 169 The Rise of Totalitarianism 172 15. Japan at War 177 Collision Course 177 Confrontation in China 178 The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere 181 The Tripartite Pact 183 Aftermath of the War 185 16. The Japanese Miracle 189 The Post–World War II Economy 190 Employment and Compensation Systems 193 The Export Economy 195 Boom and Bust 196 17. Government and Politics 199 The Legislative System 199 The Prime Minister and the Cabinet 202 The Bureaucracy 202 The Legal System 204 The Political Party System 207 The Liberal Democratic Party 208 The Japan Socialist Party 209 The Clean Government Party 211 The Japan Communist Party 211 The Democratic Party of Japan 212 Toward a Two-Party System? 214 18. Contemporary Issues 215 Population 215 Education 216 Environmental Issues 219 Foreign Relations 219 Relations with Neighbors 220 Relations with the United States 223 Appendices 226 Appendix 1 The Constitution of the People's Republic of China 228 Appendix 2 The Constitution of the Republic of Korea 244 Appendix 3 The Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea 247 Appendix 4 The Constitution of Japan 252 Notes 256 Index 276 About the Author 289 I. China. The Confucian tradition. Confucius and the Chinese Way -- Science and technology -- The Imperial Chinese state -- Political history -- China and the West. The Taiping Rebellion and other uprisings -- Modernization and reform -- The First Sino-Japanese War -- The Boxer Rebellion and the collapse of Imperial China -- The Twenty-one Demands -- Revolution. The Chinese brand of Communism -- The Rise of the CCP -- China and World War II -- The People's Republic of China -- Maoism. Class struggle -- The role of force -- The nature of revolution -- The great proletarian cultural revolution -- The role of the party -- Isolationism -- Mao and Confucianism -- The post-Mao era -- China after Mao. The military -- The party -- The legislative branch -- The executive branch -- The legal system -- Contemporary issues. Population -- Education -- Economic Policy -- The minority question -- Foreign relations -- II. Korea. In the shadow of China. China's continuing dominance -- The pervasive influence of Confucianism -- Isolation and domination -- Korea and imperialism. Korea's vulnerable geographic position -- Japan’s annexation of Korea -- Korea under Japanese rule -- Partition and war. Great power diplomacy -- Military occupation -- The Korean War -- Armistice -- Korea and the Cold War. Syngman Rhee, 1875-1965 -- U.S.-South Korean relations -- The Hermit Kingdom. Kim II Sung, 1912-1994 -- Political Reforms -- Kim Jong II, 1941-2011 -- North Korea's development prospects -- North Korea's nuclear program -- Reunification -- Asian Tiger. Postwar governments -- The political system -- The South Korean economy -- U.S.-South Korean security relations -- III. Japan. Japan in isolation. The influence of China -- The three Shogunates -- The rise of the imperial system -- Japan and the world -- The end of seclusion -- The Meiji Restoration -- The advent of imperial Japan -- The rise of totalitarianism -- Japan at war. Collision course -- Confrontation in China -- The greater East Asia co-prosperity sphere -- The Tripartite Pact -- Aftermath of the war -- The Japanese miracle -- The post-World War II economy -- Boom and bust -- Government and politics -- The legislative system -- The Prime Minister and the Cabinet -- The bureaucracy -- The legal system -- The political party system -- Toward a two-party system? -- Contemporary Issues. Population -- Education -- Environmental issues -- Foreign relations -- Appendices. Appendix 1 : The Constitution of the People's Republic of China -- Appendix 2 : The Constitution of the Republic of Korea -- Appendix 3 : The Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea -- Appendix 4 : The Constitution of Japan. This Introduction To East Asian Politics Uses A Thematic Approach To Describe The Political Development Of China, Japan And The Koreas Since The Mid-19th Century. It Seeks To Analyse The Social, Political And Economic Features Of Each Country, Linking Them To A Common Thread Of Confucianism, Which Has Shaped East Asian Perspectives. Part 1. China -- Part Ii. Korea -- Part Iii. Japan. Louis D. Hayes. An East Gate Book. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Presents an introduction to East Asian politics. This book uses a thematic approach to describe the political development of China, Japan, and Koreas since the mid-nineteenth century and analyzes the social, cultural, political, and economic features of each country.