Plant-Plant Allelopathic Interactions III : Partitioning and Seedling Effects of Phenolic Acids As Related to Their Physicochemical and Conditional Properties

This volume continues the retrospective analyses of Volumes I and II, but goes beyond that in an attempt to understand how phenolic acids are partitioned in seedling-solution and seedling-microbe-soil-sand culture systems and how phenolic acid effects on seedlings may be related to the actual and/or conditional physicochemical properties (e.g., solubility, hydrophobicity, pKa, molecular structure and soil sorption/desorption) of simple phenolic acids. Specifically, it explores the quantitative partitioning (i.e., source-sink relationships) of benzoic and cinnamic acids in cucumber seedling-solution and cucumber seedling-microbe-soil-sand systems and how that partitioning may influence phenolic acid effects on cucumber seedlings. Regressions, correlations and conceptual and hypothetical models are used to achieve these objectives. Cucumber seedlings are used as a surrogate for phenolic acid sensitive herbaceous dicotyledonous weed seedlings. This volume was written specifically for researchers and their students interested in understanding how a range of simple phenolic acids and potentially other putative allelopathic compounds released from living plants and their litter and residues may modify soil chemistry, soil and rhizosphere microbial biology, seedling physiology and seedling growth. In addition, this volume describes the potential relationships, where they may exist, for direct transfer of organic compounds between plants, plant communication and plant-plant allelopathic interactions and addresses the following questions: Can physicochemical properties of phenolic acids be used as tools to help understand the complex behavior of phenolic acids and the ultimate effects of phenolic acids on sensitive seedlings? What insights do laboratory bioassays and the conceptual and hypothetical models of laboratory systems provide us concerning the potential behavior and effects of phenolic acids in field systems? What potential role may phenolic acids play in broadleaf-weed seedling emergence in wheat debris cover crop no-till systems? Front Matter ....Pages i-xlix Reflections Regarding Plant-Plant Interactions, Communications and Allelopathic Interactions with an Emphasis on Allelopathic Interactions (Udo Blum)....Pages 1-26 General Background for Plant-Plant Allelopathic Interactions (Udo Blum)....Pages 27-48 Conceptual Models for the Input and Partitioning of Organic Compounds in Seedling-Microbe-Soil Systems and Physicochemical Properties of Organic Compounds with an Emphasis on Phenolic Acids (Udo Blum)....Pages 49-70 Simple Phenolic Acids in Solution Culture I: pH and pKa (Udo Blum)....Pages 71-113 Simple Phenolic Acids in Solution Culture II: Log P, Log D and Molecular Structure (Udo Blum)....Pages 115-153 Simple Phenolic Acids in Soil Culture I: Sorption, Kd and Koc (Udo Blum)....Pages 155-196 Simple Phenolic Acids in Soil Culture II: Biological Processes in Soil (Udo Blum)....Pages 197-238 Hypothetical Solution-Culture System Sub-Models (Udo Blum)....Pages 239-280 Hypothetical Soil-Culture System Sub-Models (Udo Blum)....Pages 281-343 Quantitative Hypothetical System Models for Cecil Soil-Sand Systems (Udo Blum)....Pages 345-405 Quantitative Hypothetical System Model for a Portsmouth B Horizon Soil-Sand System (Udo Blum)....Pages 407-449 Epilog: Assumptions, Models, Hypotheses and Conclusions (Udo Blum)....Pages 451-485 Back Matter ....Pages 487-503