Plant and microbe adaptations to cold in a changing world : proceedings from Plant and Microbe Adaptations to Cold 2012

This book includes papers from keynote lecture and oral presentations of Plant and Microbe Adaptations to Cold (PMAC) 2012, an international conference on winter hardiness of crop and pathogenic microbes. The PMAC has been started in 1997 in Japan as an interdisciplinary forum for scientists and extension people working in the field in plant pathology, plant physiology, microbiology, and crop breeding to increase our knowledge and improve our understanding of overwintering of crops, forages and grasses and solve the problems associated with losses due to freezing and heavy snow cover. Successive meetings have been held in Iceland (2000), Canada (2003), Italy (2006), and Norway (2009). PMAC2012 will be a special meeting with a focus on global climate change, food security and agriculture sustainability and the whole program will be arranged to reflect this theme. The topics covered by this proceedings includes, global warming in agricultural environment, plant adaptations to cold, microbial adaptations to cold, plant-microbe interaction under cold, and molecular breeding for winter hardiness. The researches range from molecular biology to ecology and breeding. Experts in the field will report cutting edge research and thoughtful strategies for sustainability.​ Global Change in Winter Climate and Agricultural Sustainability -- Timothy Murray and Denis Gaudet Soil Freezing Dynamics in a Changing Climate: Implications for Agriculture -- Hugh A. L. Henry Winter Climate Change and Ecological Implications in Temperate Systems -- Juergen Kreyling Possible Change of Water and Nitrate Cycles Associated with the Frost-Depth Decrease Under Climate Change -- Yukiyoshi Iwata Soil Frost Control: Its Application to Volunteer Potato Management in a Cold Region -- Tomoyoshi Hirota and Manabu Nemoto Climatic and Physiological Background of Ice Encasement Damage of Herbage Plants -- Bjarni E. Gudleifsson Hormones, NO, Antioxidants and Metabolites as Key Players in Plant Cold Acclimation -- Gábor Galiba and Radomira Vanková The Function and Evolution of Closely Related COR/LEA (Cold-Regulated/Late Embryogenesis Abundant) Proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana -- Anja Thalhammer 3D Reconstruction of Frozen Plant Tissue: A Unique Histological Analysis to Image Postfreeze Responses -- David P. Livingston III Post-transcriptional and Post-translational Modifications Controlling Cold Response -- Elisabetta Mazzucotelli Cold Shock Domain Proteins in Arabidopsis : Functions in Stress Tolerance and Development -- Ryozo Imai and Myung Hee Kim Regulation of RNA Metabolism in Plant Adaptation to Cold -- Hunseung Kang and Su Jung Park Protein Phosphorylation Network in Abscisic Acid Signaling -- Taishi Umezawa and Naoyuki Sugiyama Using Synchrotron FTIR and Confocal Cryomicroscopy to Explore Mechanisms of Cold Acclimation and Freezing Resistance Using a Single Cell Layer of Allium fistulosum L -- Karen Tanino, Jun Liu and Shion Kobayashi Supercooling-Facilitating Hydrolyzable Tannins Isolated from Xylem Tissues of Cercidiphyllum japonicum -- Donghui Wang, Chikako Kuwabara and Keita Endoh ICE1, a Transcription Factor Involved in Cold Signaling and Tolerance -- Kenji Miura Breeding for Improved Winter Survival in Forage Grasses -- Odd Arne Rognli Molecular Changes in Recurrently Selected Populations of Forage Legumes -- Annick Bertrand and Yves Castonguay Abiotic Stress Signal Network with Expression QTLs for Cold-Responsive Genes in Common Wheat -- Julio C. M. Iehisa and Yoichi Motomura Molecular Analysis of Fructan Metabolism Associated with Freezing Tolerance and Snow Mold Resistance of Winter Wheat -- Midori Yoshida and Akira Kawakami Do Growth Kinetics of Snow-mold Fungi Explain Exponential CO2 Fluxes Through the Snow? -- Steven K. Schmidt and S. R. Frankel Change in Snow Mold Flora in Eastern Hokkaido and its Impact on Agriculture -- Naoyuki Matsumoto and Tamotsu Hoshino Phytopathogenic Fungi and Fungal-Like Microbes in Svalbard -- Motoaki Tojo and Shota Masumoto Ecological Strategies of Snow Molds to Tolerate Freezing Stress -- Tamotsu Hoshino, Nan Xiao and Yuka Yajima Snow Mold Fungi in Russia -- Oleg B. Tkachenko Snow Moulds in a Changing Environment--A Scandinavian Perspective -- Anne Marte Tronsmo Mechanisms of Snow Mold Resistance in Wheat -- Denis Gaudet and André Laroche Activating Disease Resistance in Turfgrasses Against Fungal Pathogens: Civitas and Harmonizer -- Tom Hsiang. Front Matter....Pages i-xix Global Change in Winter Climate and Agricultural Sustainability....Pages 1-15 Soil Freezing Dynamics in a Changing Climate: Implications for Agriculture....Pages 17-27 Winter Climate Change and Ecological Implications in Temperate Systems....Pages 29-40 Possible Change of Water and Nitrate Cycles Associated with the Frost-Depth Decrease Under Climate Change....Pages 41-50 Soil Frost Control: Its Application to Volunteer Potato Management in a Cold Region....Pages 51-61 Climatic and Physiological Background of Ice Encasement Damage of Herbage Plants....Pages 63-72 Hormones, NO, Antioxidants and Metabolites as Key Players in Plant Cold Acclimation....Pages 73-87 The Function and Evolution of Closely Related COR/LEA (Cold-Regulated/Late Embryogenesis Abundant) Proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana ....Pages 89-105 3D Reconstruction of Frozen Plant Tissue: A Unique Histological Analysis to Image Postfreeze Responses....Pages 107-117 Post-transcriptional and Post-translational Modifications Controlling Cold Response....Pages 119-129 Cold Shock Domain Proteins in Arabidopsis : Functions in Stress Tolerance and Development....Pages 131-142 Regulation of RNA Metabolism in Plant Adaptation to Cold....Pages 143-154 Protein Phosphorylation Network in Abscisic Acid Signaling....Pages 155-164 Using Synchrotron FTIR and Confocal Cryomicroscopy to Explore Mechanisms of Cold Acclimation and Freezing Resistance Using a Single Cell Layer of Allium fistulosum L....Pages 165-177 Supercooling-Facilitating Hydrolyzable Tannins Isolated from Xylem Tissues of Cercidiphyllum japonicum ....Pages 179-188 ICE1, a Transcription Factor Involved in Cold Signaling and Tolerance....Pages 189-195 Breeding for Improved Winter Survival in Forage Grasses....Pages 197-208 Molecular Changes in Recurrently Selected Populations of Forage Legumes....Pages 209-217 Abiotic Stress Signal Network with Expression QTLs for Cold-Responsive Genes in Common Wheat....Pages 219-229 Molecular Analysis of Fructan Metabolism Associated with Freezing Tolerance and Snow Mold Resistance of Winter Wheat....Pages 231-243 Do Growth Kinetics of Snow-mold Fungi Explain Exponential CO 2 Fluxes Through the Snow?....Pages 245-253 Change in Snow Mold Flora in Eastern Hokkaido and its Impact on Agriculture....Pages 255-261 Phytopathogenic Fungi and Fungal-Like Microbes in Svalbard....Pages 263-284 Ecological Strategies of Snow Molds to Tolerate Freezing Stress....Pages 285-292 Snow Mold Fungi in Russia....Pages 293-303 Snow Moulds in a Changing Environment—A Scandinavian Perspective....Pages 305-317 Mechanisms of Snow Mold Resistance in Wheat....Pages 319-330 Activating Disease Resistance in Turfgrasses Against Fungal Pathogens: Civitas and Harmonizer....Pages 331-341 Back Matter....Pages 343-352 Plant and Microbe Adaptations to Cold (PMAC) is an interdisciplinary forum for research and extension scientists working in the fields of plant pathology, plant physiology, microbiology, and crop breeding, to advance our understanding of overwintering of crops and attempt to solve the problems associated with winter damage. The first PMAC conference was held in Sapporo, Japan in 1997 and the following meetings have been held every three years in different locations around the world. The PMAC conference came back to its place of origin after 15 years, and PMAC2012 was held June 24-28, 2012 at the Conference Hall of Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. The PMAC2012 conference focused on global climate change, food security and agriculture sustainability with the subtitle "Toward risk assessment and management of sustainable agriculture in the cool and cold regions", and the entire program was organized to reflect this theme. The sessions covered a wide range of topics from soil physical properties and crop protection from frost and pathogens to current breeding strategies. In order to widen the scope of the conference and enhance interdisciplinary discussion, experts in meteorology, soil science and ecology were also invited to participate in the program. Global warming is affecting agriculture in a wide range of the climatic zones. In contrast to the extensive debate over the effects of global warming during summer growth, the impact of rising winter temperature on agricultural production has received considerably less attention. However, climate changes can certainly affect winter conditions, and small changes in winter climate can have even more drastic impacts in many regions of the world. Plant and Microbe Adaptations to Cold (PMAC) is an interdisciplinary forum for research and extension scientists working in the fields of plant pathology, plant physiology, microbiology, and crop breeding, to advance our understanding of overwintering of crops and attempt to solve the problems associated with winter damage. PMAC2012 gathered over 100 participants from 14 countries and hosted 41 oral and 42 poster presentations. This book is a collection of contributions from invited and selected speakers at the conference. Each contribution includes important and timely topics on plant and microbe adaptations to cold. These contributions span the topics discussed at the conference. Publication of this book has been partially supported by OECD-CRP