Pituitary Disorders of Childhood : Diagnosis and Clinical Management

This unique book presents an up-to-date discussion of clinical disorders of the pituitary gland in children with specific emphasis on state-of-the-art diagnostic and treatment modalities, highlighting the newest scientific advances in genomics and molecular biology that clinician-scientists caring for children need to know. Chapters focus on the current knowledge base in genomics, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and medical and surgical management, organized into thematic sections. Part I discusses embryologic and genetic disorders, including genomics and congenital disorders of the pituitary. Part II presents acquired pituitary disorders, such as prolactinomas, Cushing's Disease, and both hormone secreting and non-secreting pituitary tumors. Subsequent sections cover posterior pituitary disorders, such as diabetes insipidus, functional hormone deficiencies of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, including delayed puberty and pubertal disorders and growth hormone disorders, neuro-opthalmic disease, CNS radiation, childhood cancer treatment and traumatic brain injury. Authoritative and comprehensive, __Pituitary Disorders of Childhood__ will serve as a precise guide for clinical endocrinologists and will guide future investigation into translational and clinical research on the pediatric pituitary. Front Matter ....Pages i-xiii Front Matter ....Pages 1-1 Embryologic and Genetic Disorders of the Pituitary Gland (Louise C. Gregory, Mehul T. Dattani)....Pages 3-27 Genetics of Hypopituitarism (Mariam Gangat, Sally Radovick)....Pages 29-37 Front Matter ....Pages 39-39 Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma: Genomics, Radiologic Findings, Clinical, and Prognosis (Hermann L. Müller, Juan Pedro Martinez-Barbera)....Pages 41-70 Prolactinomas (Takara L. Stanley, Madhusmita Misra)....Pages 71-87 Cushing Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment (Christina Tatsi, Constantine A. Stratakis)....Pages 89-114 Surgery for Cushing’s Disease (Brooke Swearingen)....Pages 115-120 Gigantism and Acromegaly (Angeliki Makri, Maya Lodish)....Pages 121-139 TSH-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas (Andrea Gerardo Antonio Lania, Nazarena Betella, Davide Milani)....Pages 141-154 Molecular Predictors of Clinical Behavior in Pituitary Adenohypophysial Tumors (Shereen Ezzat, Sylvia L. Asa)....Pages 155-172 Nonpituitary Sellar Masses and Infiltrative Disorders (Shilpa Mehta, Benjamin Cohen, Brenda Kohn)....Pages 173-197 Front Matter ....Pages 199-199 Posterior Pituitary Disorders: Anatomy and Physiology, Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI), and Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) (Colin Patrick Hawkes, Adriana Herrera, Brenda Kohn, Shana E. McCormack, Craig A. Alter)....Pages 201-225 Front Matter ....Pages 227-227 Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (Isolated GnRH Deficiency) (Cheng Xu, Nelly Pitteloud)....Pages 229-250 Genetics of Delayed Puberty (Sasha Howard, Leo Dunkel)....Pages 251-268 Hypothalamic Amenorrhea (Rula V. Kanj, Catherine M. Gordon)....Pages 269-277 Front Matter ....Pages 279-279 Neuro-Ophthalmic Diseases and Endocrinologic Function (Mary-Magdalene Ugo Dodd, Gena Heidary)....Pages 281-296 Front Matter ....Pages 297-297 Brain Irradiation Paradigms for Childhood Central Nervous System Tumors (Benjamin T. Cooper, Ralph E. Vatner, Helen A. Shih)....Pages 299-320 Front Matter ....Pages 321-321 Hypothalamic: Pituitary Dysfunction as a Late Effect of Childhood Cancer, Brain Tumors, and Their Treatments (Wassim Chemaitilly)....Pages 323-340 Front Matter ....Pages 341-341 Pituitary Response to Traumatic Brain Injury (Rayhan A. Lal, Andrew R. Hoffman)....Pages 343-352 Back Matter ....Pages 353-362 References; Chapter 5: Cushing Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment; Introduction; Diagnosis of Cushing Syndrome; History and Physical Examination; Laboratory Evaluation; Assays; Total and Free Cortisol; Urinary Free Cortisol; Low-Dose Dexamethasone Suppression Test; Midnight Serum or Salivary Cortisol Measurement; Identification of the Source of Hypercortisolemia; ACTH Level; CRH Stimulation Test; High-Dose Dexamethasone Suppression Test; Bilateral Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling (BIPSS); Imaging Studies; Treatment of CD; Surgical Management; Postoperative Management; Medical Management