Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications: Proceedings of the International Conference PHENMA 2020 (Springer Proceedings in Materials, 10)

This book presents selected peer-reviewed contributions from the 2020 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2020 (26–29 March 2021, Kitakyushu, Japan), focusing on processing techniques, physics, mechanics, and applications of advanced materials. The book describes a broad spectrum of promising nanostructures, crystal structures, materials, and composites with unique properties. It presents nanotechnological design approaches, environmental-friendly processing techniques, and physicochemical as well as mechanical studies of advanced materials. The selected contributions describe recent progress in computational materials science methods and algorithms (in particular, finite-element and finite-difference modelling) applied to various technological, mechanical, and physical problems. The presented results are important for ongoing efforts concerning the theory, modelling, and testing of advanced materials. Other results are devoted to promising devices with higher accuracy, increased longevity, and greater potential to work effectively under critical temperatures, high pressure, and in aggressive environments. Preface Contents Contributors Processing Techniques of Advanced Materials Highly Stable Pt/C Catalysts with Different Mass Fraction of Platinum 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Part 2.1 Preparation of Pt/C Catalysts 2.2 Characterization of the Catalysts Structure 2.3 Electrochemical Measurements 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Investigation of the Activity of PtCuAu/C Electrocatalysts in Alcohols Electrooxidation Reaction in Alkaline Media 1 Introduction 1.1 Research Purpose 1.2 Research Scope 2 Research Method 2.1 Synthesis of Catalysts 2.2 Powder X-ray 2.3 X-ray Fluorescence Analysis 2.4 Transmission Electron Microscopy 2.5 Electrochemical Characteristics 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Influence of Acid Treatment on the Functional Characteristics of PtCu/C Electrocatalysts 1 Introduction 1.1 Research Purpose 2 Experimental Part 2.1 Preparation of PtCu/C Catalysts 2.2 Characterization of the Catalysts Structure 2.3 Electrochemical Measurements 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Carbon Nanoparticles from Graphite Nitrate Cointercalation Compounds with Carboxylic Acids 1 Introduction 2 Experimental 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Graphite Nitrate Cointercalation Compounds with Carboxylic Acids as Precursors for Carbon Nanoparticles Dispersions 3.2 Carbon Nanoparticles Obtaining by Treatment of the GN with HCOOH 3.3 Carbon Nanoparticles Obtaining by the Sonication of GNCCs with Acetic and Formic Acids in Ethanol 4 Conclusion References Thermally Expanded Graphite: Sorption Properties and Carbon Nanoparticles Obtaining 1 Introduction 2 Experimental 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Heteroepitaxial BiFeO3 Films Fabricated on MgO(001) and Sr0.61Ba0.39Nb2O6/MgO(001) 1 Introduction 2 Problem Formulation 2.1 Objects and Methods 2.2 Experimental Results and Discussion 3 Conclusion References The Effect of the Preparation Conditions on the Catalytic Activity of Palladium in the System of Mechanically Pre-activated Salt K2PdCl4–C2H2–CH3OH 1 Introduction 1.1 Research Purpose 1.2 Research Scope 2 Research Method 2.1 Preparation of Heterogeneous Catalysts 2.2 Chromatographic Studies 2.3 Kinetics Studies 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Catalytic Reaction of Acetylene with Methanol 3.2 Dependence of Catalyst Activity on the Time of Its MA 3.3 Temperature Dependence of Catalyst Activity and Selectivity 4 Conclusion References Phase Formation and Optimisation of the Properties of Solid Solutions in a KNN-Based System for Hydroacoustics Devices 1 Introduction 1.1 Research Purpose 2 Research Method 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Improving the Osseointegration Properties of Biocompatible Plasma-Sprayed Coatings Based on Hydroxyapatite and Al2O3 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Details 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Technological Aspects of Obtaining Fuel Composites Based on Fine-Grained Coal Waste 1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose of the Study 1.2 Research Objectives 2 Research Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Physics of Advanced Materials Statistical Operator and Density Matrix for Gamma Quantum and Deuterium 1 Introduction 2 Photon and Part of Light Wave 3 Lindblad Equations for the Statistical Operator 4 Dissipative Diffusion and Attenuation Operators 5 Statistical Operator of Deuterium 6 Statistical Operator for Deuterium and Gamma-Ray Incident on It 7 The Motion of a Free Particle 8 Movement of Mass Center of Deuterium Under the Influence of Gamma-Ray Incident on It 9 Average Value of Deuterium Energy 10 Equation of Change in the State of Deuterium Under the Influence of the Gamma Quantum 11 Displacement of Deuterium Coordinate and Momentum Under Action of Gamma-Ray Quantum 12 Gamma Quantum Absorbed by Deuterium 13 Gamma-Ray Scattering on Deuterium 14 Laws of Conservation of Momentum and Energy 15 Conclusion References New Relativistic Equation for Statistical Operator 1 Introduction 2 The Lindblad Equations 3 Dissipative Operators 4 New Equation for Statistical Operator 5 Non-relativistic Equation for Statistical Operator of Free Particle 6 Covariant Equation for Free Particle Statistical Operator 7 Covariant Quantum Equation for Statistical Operator of Hydrogen Atom 8 Conclusion References The Riesz Potential Type Operator with a Power-Logarithmic Kernel in the Generalized Hölder Spaces on a Sphere 1 Introduction 1.1 Research Purpose 1.2 Research Scope 2 Research Method 2.1 Preliminaries 2.2 The Fourier—Laplace Multipliers Theory 2.3 Considered Function Spaces 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Inverse Operator 3.2 Boundedness Theorem 4 Conclusion References Piezoelectric Sensitivity and Anisotropy in 1–3-Type Composites Based on Lead-Free Ferroelectrics 1 Introduction 2 Model Concepts, Effective Electromechanical Properties and Components of Composites 2.1 Model of the 1–3-type Composite 2.2 Effective Electromechanical Properties and Parameters of the 1–3-type Composite 2.3 Components of Composites 3 Piezoelectric Sensitivity and Anisotropy Factors of Composites 3.1 1–3 Composites 3.2 1–3–0 Composites 4 Comparison of Results 5 Conclusion References Crystal Structure and Dielectric Properties of Layered Perovskite-Like Solid Solutions Bi3–xNdxTiNbO9 (X = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Technique 3 Experimental 4 Conclusion References Structure and Dielectric Properties of Solid Solutions Bi7Ti4-xSnxNbO21 (X = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) 1 Introduction 2 Experimental 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Synthesis, Electronic Structure, Microstructure, and Properties of Vacuum Ion-Plasma Coatings Based on Carbon 1 Introduction 2 Research Method 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References DFT-Study of Strength of TiAlN Coating on Iron Surface 1 Introduction 2 System Model and Problem Statement 3 Choice of Strengthening Elements 4 Strength of the System 5 Defective Coating on Iron Structure 6 Conclusion References Nanoindentation Derived Mechanical Properties of Au Thin Film Deposited by Pulsed Laser Sputtering on Si Substrate 1 Introduction 1.1 Research Purpose 1.2 Research Scope 2 Research Method 2.1 Deposition of the Au Thin Film 2.2 SEM Research of the Film 2.3 3D Optical Microscopy 2.4 Nanoindentation and Optical Microscopy 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Relaxation Processes in Organic Anticorrosive Films 1 Introduction 2 Negative Electric Capacity 3 Negative Electric Capacity Due to the Process of Relaxation Polarity 4 Impedance Description of the Relaxation Polarization of Films with Negative Capacity 5 Comparison of the Theory and the Experimental Results References On Extension of Functional Possibilities of the Optical Interference Meter of the Surface Displacements of Control Objects 1 Introduction 2 Description of the Design of Proposed Meter 3 Description of the Operation Principle of Proposed Meter 4 Conclusion References Mechanics of Advanced Materials Features of Rayleigh Waves Propagation in Structures with FGPM Coating Made of Various Materials 1 Introduction 2 Formulation of the Problem 3 The Solution of the Problem 4 Dispersion Equations 5 Numerical Analysis 6 Conclusion References Numerical Methods for Simulation of Elastic Wave Propagation in Layered Periodic Elastomer Composites 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Modelling of Periodic Composite 2.1 Formulation of the Problem 2.2 The Transfer Matrix Method 2.3 The Spectral Element Method 3 Numerical Analysis 4 Conclusion References Asymptotics of Displacements in Back-Reflected Ultrasonic Waves from a 3D Defect Located in an Elastic Material 1 Introduction 2 Single Reflection of a Spherical Wave from the Surface of the Cavity 2.1 Problem Statement 2.2 Solution Method 3 Single Reflection of a Longitudinal Wave from the Surface of the Cavity 3.1 The Case of p - p Reflection 3.2 The Case of p - s Transformation 4 Single Reflection of a Shear Wave from the Surface of the Cavity 4.1 The Case of s - s Reflection 4.2 The Case of s - p Transformation 5 Back Reflection of a Longitudinal Elastic Wave in 2D and 3D Elastic Media 6 Back Reflection of a Transverse Elastic Wave in 2D and 3D Elastic Media 7 Conclusion References Vibrations of the Auxetic Shell in the Liquid 1 Influence of Liquid Modeling 2 Equations of Oscillations 3 The Solution Procedure 4 Amplitude-Frequency Characteristics and Resonances References Oscillation Equations for Non-axisymmetric Shells 1 Some Information for Space with Skew-Angle Basis 1.1 Parametrization and Metric Tensors 1.2 Differentiation of Vectors 1.3 Relations for Surfaces 1.4 A Special Curved Coordinate System in Space 2 Deformation Components in S-coordinates 3 Equations of Motion in Forces and Moments 4 Elasticity Relations for Isotropic Shells References Contact Interaction Between Parabolic Punch and Elastic Strip Bonded to Poroelastic Half-Plane 1 Introduction 2 Problem Formulation 3 Integral Equation Construction 4 Solution of Integral Equation 5 Numerical Calculations 6 Conclusions References Application of Generative Neural Networks and Nondestructive Testing in Defect Detection Problem 1 Introduction 1.1 Research Purpose 2 Research Method 2.1 Finite Difference Method in the Time Domain 2.2 Non-Destructive Testing Model 2.3 Neural Network Model 2.4 Model Training and Validation 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References A Comparison Study by Simulation/Experiment to Verify the Effect of Predicted Forming Limit Diagram Based on Graphical Method at Elevated Temperature for SPCC Sheet Material 1 Introduction 2 Material Properties 2.1 Chemical Composition of SPCC Material 2.2 Determining the Mechanical Properties of Experimental Materials 3 Modified Maximum Force Criterion and Graphical Method 3.1 Graphical Method Applied to SPCC Materials Used in the Study 3.2 FLC Prediction At High Temperature 4 Experimental and FE Simulation Results of Deep Drawing Process 4.1 Experimental Setup 4.2 FE Simulation 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Fatigue Crack Growth Rate and Intrinsic Threshold Stress Intensity 1 Introduction 2 Intrinsic Threshold for Atmospheric Fatigue Crack Growth 3 Near-Tip Stress Response and Intrinsic Threshold Stress Intensity, ∆Kth,i 4 Incorporation of ∆Kth,i into the Crack Growth Rate Equation 5 Material Constants and Validation 6 Discussion 7 Conclusions References Effect of Pitch Difference and Root Radius on Anti-Loosening Performance of Bolt Nut Connections 1 Introduction 2 Fatigue Experiments and Analysis 2.1 Specimen 2.2 Fatigue Experimental Results and FEM Analytical Results 3 Loosening Experiment 3.1 Prevailing Torque 3.2 Loosening Experiment Results 3.3 FEM Results of the Anti-loosening Analysis 4 Conclusions References Effect of Shaft’s Rigidity and Motor Torque on Interfacial Slip for Shrink-Fitted Bimetallic Work Roll 1 Introduction 2 Numerical Simulation Method for Interfacial Slip 3 Numerical Simulation Results of Interfacial Slip 3.1 Definition and Behavior of Relative Displacement of Elastic Shaft 3.2 Consideration of Slip Area by Introducing an Elastic Shaft 4 Effect of Motor Torque and Rolling Load on Elastic Shaft 5 Conclusion References Effect of the Residual Stress to the Fatigue Failure of the Bimetallic Work Roll in 4-High Rolling Mill 1 Introduction 2 Method of FEM Analysis 3 Effect of Residual Stress on the Stress Inside the Bimetallic Work Roll During Rolling Analysis 4 Conclusion References Cost and Quality Analysis of the Use of Steel Fiber on Rigid Pavement with Laboratory Experimental Method 1 Introduction 2 Problem Formulation 3 Research Methods 3.1 JMF Preparation (Job Mix Formula) 3.2 Test Specimen 4 Data Analysis and Discussion 4.1 Results of Calculation of Mixed Plan (Job Mix Formula) 4.2 Volume Weight 4.3 Compressive Strength Test 4.4 Flexural Strength Test 4.5 Cost Calculation Analysis 5 Conclusion References Applications of Advanced Materials Analysis of the Ultrasonic Guided Wave Sensitivity to the Bone Structure for Osteoporosis Diagnostics 1 Introduction 2 Bone Structure, Phantoms 3 Experimental Measurements 4 Mathematical Framework 5 Numerical Case Studies 5.1 Dispersion Curves and Guided Wave Excitability 5.2 Bi-layer Phantom: Effect of Layer Thickness Ratio 5.3 Degradation of Cortical Bone 6 Conclusions References Finite Element Modeling of a Lensotome Tip with Piezoelectric Drive 1 Introduction 2 The Continuum Formulation of the Problem 3 Finite Element Approximation in ACELAN 4 Lensotome Tip Vibration Analysis 5 Conclusion References Modeling the Interaction of Elastic Haptic Parts of Two Intraocular Lenses Located in the Capsular Bag of the Lens 1 Introduction 2 The Continuum Formulation of the Problem 3 Finite Element Approximation in ANSYS 4 Lens Deformation Analysis 5 Conclusion References Comparison of MRI Image Segmentation Methods for Radiation-Induced Brain Edema After Radiotherapy for Patients with Intracranial Tumors 1 Introduction 2 Research Method 3 Results 4 Conclusion References Reconstruction of the Optical Acoustic Signal for Visualization of Biological Tissues 1 Introduction 2 Research Method 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Modeling the Cantilever Type PEG with Proof Mass and Active Pinching by Using the Porous Piezoceramics with Effective Properties 1 Introduction 2 Research Method 2.1 Continuous Formulation of the Problem 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Description of the Model 3.2 FE Modeling 3.3 Research Results 4 Conclusion References A Scissor Mechanism Shear Mode Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Windmill 1 Introduction 2 Design and Modeling of Harvester 3 Effect of Various Parameters on Harvested Power 3.1 Effect of Stiffness of Spring 3.2 Effect of Speed of Input Shaft 3.3 Effect of Scissor Jack Angle 3.4 Effect of Thickness of PZT Bar 3.5 Effect of Length of PZT Bar 4 Conclusion References Wind Energy Harvesting from Artificial Grass by Using Micro Fibre Composite 1 Introduction 2 Energy Harvester Designs 3 FEA Modelling of the Cantilever Beam 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Absolute Stability of Control System for Deformation of Electromagnetoelastic Actuator Under Random Impacts in Nanoresearch 1 Introduction 1.1 Research Purpose 1.2 Research Scope Corresponding 2 Research Method 2.1 Transfer Function 2.2 Hysteresis Deformation 2.3 Condition for Absolute Stability 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References SAW Current Sensor with FeNi Film 1 Introduction 2 Current Sensor with Magnetically Sensitive FeNi Film 3 Conclusion References About Monitoring of the Medium State by the Parameters of the Surface Wave 1 Introduction 1.1 Research Purpose 1.2 Research Scope 2 Research Method 2.1 Description of the Experimental Setup 2.2 Experimental Research Results 3 Bi-spectral Method 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Prospects for the Use of Hydroacoustic Tools Based on Nonlinear Interaction of Acoustic Waves in Underwater Archeology 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Theory 4 Cepstral Analysis of Echo Signals 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Space Time Block Code Based FBMC Advanced Underwater Image Communication Technology 1 Introduction 2 Research Method 3 Simulation Results 4 Conclusion References Parametric Modeling of High-Rise Objects with Complex Configuration by Forming the Description of Their External Shaping 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Algorithmization of the System for Collecting and Processing Information on the Geometric Description of Three-Dimensional Object 1 Introduction 2 Problem Formulation 3 Algorithmization Procedure of Data Collection 4 The Result of the Research 5 Conclusion References Hybrid Immune Algorithms Application for Solving Unclear Optimisation Problems 1 Introduction 2 Research Method 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Index