Physics and Mechanics of Ice : Symposium Copenhagen, August 6-10, 1979, Technical University of Denmark

Front Matter....Pages I-XIV Some Promising Trends in Ice Mechanics....Pages 1-15 The Development and Application of Multimodal Ice Failure Theory....Pages 16-27 Numerical Model of Penelope Ice Viscometer Flows....Pages 28-37 Characteristics of Iceberg Mechanics....Pages 38-50 Constitutive Relations for the Non Elastic Deformation of Polycrystalline Ice....Pages 51-59 Modelling the Interaction between Ice and Ships....Pages 60-81 Finite Element Method Simulation of Large Ice Mass Flow Behaviour....Pages 82-92 Experience Gained by Use of Extensive Ice Laboratory Facilities in Solving Ice Problems....Pages 93-103 Dynamic Ice Forces on an Inclined Structure....Pages 104-116 The Rheological Behaviour of Ice at Small Strains....Pages 117-128 Critical Stress Intensity Factor (K Ic ) Measurements at High Loading Rates for Polycrystalline Ice....Pages 129-146 Theory of Floating Ice Sheets....Pages 147-162 On the Buckling Force of Floating Ice Plates....Pages 163-178 Implications of Structure Width for Design Ice Forces....Pages 179-193 A Danish Icebreaker Design....Pages 194-204 Creep and Relaxation in Floating Platforms — an Analysis of Case Histories....Pages 205-216 Mechanical Properties of Polycrystalline Ice....Pages 217-245 Mechanical Model of Creep of Polycrystalline Ice with Cracking Activity....Pages 246-264 The Application of Fracture Mechanics to Ice Problems....Pages 265-277 Bending and Buckling of a Wedge on an Elastic Foundation....Pages 278-288 Plastic Limit Analysis of Sheet Ice Loads on Conical Structures....Pages 289-308 Flow of Temperate Ice in a Vertical Shaft with Rough Wall Surfaces....Pages 309-324 Analytical Approach for the Determination of Ice Forces Using Plasticity Theory....Pages 325-341 Ice Forces on Piles....Pages 342-350 Failure of Sea Ice by Repeated Compression....Pages 351-362 Discussion of Papers....Pages 363-378 In the programme of the symposium was written: "The International Union of Theoretical and Applied Me chanics has taken the initiative to organize the sympo sium. As the name of IUTAM implies, the organization brings forward achievements within the field of theore tical mechanics for application in science and engineer ing. According to the rules of IUTAM that only invited persons can attend, all lecturers and participants have been ap pOinted by the members of the scientific committee. To facilitate contact among the attending persons, it has been decided to restrict the total number to 85 persons including the lecturers. Only one session is planned, making it possible for everybody to attend all lectures. Most scientists and engineers have realized that the knowledge attained by extensive basic research is essen tial in order to solve technological problems. In the process of acquiring this knowledge we often fail to un derstand that scientific progress is only achieved by two main principles: (1) By studying the scientific litera ture and applying or improving the theories in order to predict behaviour and forces correctly, or (2) by re jecting existing theories and developing new ways to cope with the problem, resulting in a more differenti ated and, hopefully, more exact theory. Ice seems to be a simple material, but it is in fact so complex and strange that it is only in the latest dec ades that we have come to know some of the natural laws governing its behaviour