Philosophiae Moralis Institutio Compendiaria, with A Short Introduction to Moral Philosophy (Natural Law and Enlightenment Classics)

This Liberty Fund publication of Philosophiae Moralis Institutio Compendiaria is a parallel edition of the English and Latin versions of a book designed by Hutcheson for use in the classroom. General Editor Knud Haakonssen remarks that “Hutcheson’s Institutio was written as a textbook for university students and it therefore covers a curriculum which has an institutional background in his own university, Glasgow. This was a curriculum crucially influenced by Hutcheson’s predecessor Gershom Carmichael, and at its center was modern natural jurisprudence as systematized by Grotius, Pufendorf, and others. . . . The Institutio is the first major [published] attempt by Hutcheson to deal with natural law on his own terms. . . . It therefore encapsulates the axis of natural law and Scottish Enlightenment ideas, which so many other thinkers, including Adam Smith, worked with in their different ways. It is of great significance that this work issued from the class in which Smith sat as a student.” Editor Luigi Turco comments that “the aim of the text was twofold: on one hand, to put forward an optimistic view of God, human nature, and the harmony of the universe; on the other hand, to provide students with the knowledge of natural and civil law required by the university curriculum. Hutcheson starts from Pufendorf’s De officio hominis et civis (itself an abridgment of his De jure naturae et gentium )—the text that was most widely read within Protestant universities—but modifies its moral foundations.” Francis Hutcheson was a crucial link between the continental European natural law tradition and the emerging Scottish Enlightenment. Hence, he is a pivotal figure in the Natural Law and Enlightenment Classics series. A contemporary of Lord Kames and George Turnbull, an acquaintance of David Hume, and the teacher of Adam Smith, Hutcheson was arguably the leading figure in making Scotland distinctive within the general European Enlightenment. Luigi Turco is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Bologna. Knud Haakonssen is Professor of Intellectual History and Director of the Centre for Intellectual History at the University of Sussex, England. Hutcheson, Philosophiae moralis (2007) Front matter Title page Contents, p. vii Introduction, p. ix Acknowledgements, p. xxiv Abbreviations, p. xxv General Note, p. xxvii Original Title Page, p. xxviii A Short Introduction ot Philosophy Advertisement of the translator, p. 2 To the Students in Universities, p. 3 Contents, p. 7 Book I. The Elements of Ethicks Chapter I. Of Human Nature and its Parts, p. 23 Chapter II. Concerning the Supreme Good, p. 52 Chapter III. Concerning the Chief Divisions of Virtue, p. 68 Chapter IV. Our Duties toward God, p. 76 Chapter V. Our Duties toward Mankind, p. 81 Chapter VI. Concerning our Duties toward Ourselves, and the Improvement of the Mind, p. 87 Chapter VII. Some Practical Considerations to Excite and Preserve the Study of Virtue, p. 97 Book II. Elements of the Law of Nature Chapter I. Of the Law of Nature, p. 103 Chapter II. Of the Nature of Rights, and Their Several Divisions, p. 110 Chapter III. Concerning the Various Degrees of Virtue and Vice, and the Circumstances on which They Depend, p. 116 Chapter IV. Concerning the Natural Rights of Individuals, p. 127 Chapter V. Of Real Adventitious Rights and Property, p. 133 Chapter VI. The Methods of Acquiring Property, p. p. 137 Chapter VII. Of Derived Property, p. 145 Chapter VIII. The Methods of Transferring Property, Contracts, Succession, Testaments, p. 151 Chapter IX. Of Contracts in General, p. 155 Chapter X. Our Obligations in Speech, p. 169 Chapter XI. Of Oaths and Vows, p. 175 Chapter XII. Concerning the Values or Prices of Goods, p. 180 Chapter XIII. Of the Several Sorts of Contracts, p. 184 Chapter XIV. Obligations Resembling those from Contracts, p. 192 Chapter XV. Of Rights Arising from Damage Done, and the Rights of War, p. 196 Chapter XVI. Extraordinary Rights in Cases of Necessity, and the Common Rights of Mankind, p. 206 Chapter XVII. How Rights and Obligations Cease: How Controversies are to be Decided in Natural Liberty: and the Rules of Interpretation, p. 212 Book III. The Principles of Oeconomics and Politicks Chapter I. Concerning Marriage, p. 217 Chapter II. The Duties of Parents and Children, p. 226 Chapter III. The Rights of Masters and Servants, p. 230 Chapter IV. The Original of Civil Government, p. 235 Chapter V. The INternal Structure of States: and the Several Parts of Supreme Power, p. 240 Chapter VI, Of the Various Plans of Government, p. 246 Chapter VII. The Right sof the Supreme Power: and the Methods of Acquiring it, p. 254 Chapter VIII. Of Civil Laws and their Execution, p. 266 Chapter IX. The Laws of War, p. 277 Chapter X. Of Treaties and Ambassadors, and the Entire Dissolution of States, p. 284 Bibliography of Ancient Literature referred to by Hutcheson, p. 291 Bibliography of Modern Literature, p. 293 Index, p. 297 "Translated from the Greek as a collaborative effort by Francis Hutcheson (1694-1746) and the classicist James Moor (1712-1779), The Meditations of the Emperor Marcus Aurelius Antoninus became a highly influential work in the philosophy of the Scottish Enlightenment. In their translation and notes to the text, Hutcheson and Moor celebrate the Stoic ideal of an orderly universe governed by a benevolent God. The translation and notes also shed light on Hutcheson's other writings: above all, perhaps, on his conception of "true religion" as a religion of virtue, benevolence, and public spirit for an enlightened age." "Hutcheson contrasts the divisive sectarianism exhibited by Christians in Scotland and elsewhere with Marcus's recommendations of serenity and resignation to the will of the Creator. In light of the warmth of feeling Hutcheson expresses in his remarks, it is not surprising that he took pains to conceal his role (and Moor's) in the composition of the introductory "Life of the Emperor" and in the notes." "The edition of The Meditations that is reproduced here was published in 1742. It is the first of five editions published by Robert Foulis and is the only Foulis edition of the English translation published during Hutcheson's lifetime. In this new Liberty Fund edition, editors Moore and Silverthorne clarify the respective contributions of Hutcheson and Moor and identify persons and occurrences that appear in the text. The editors also explain Hutcheson and Moor's motivation in undertaking the translation and discuss the challenge Hutcheson faced in translating the technical Stoic vocabulary used by Marcus."--Jacket "Francis Hutcheson was one of the most important figures in the Scottish Enlightenment. He influenced not only leading thinkers, such as David Hume, Adam Smith, and Thomas Reid, but also a wider circle of intellectuals in England, Europe, and America." "Hutcheson viewed philosophy as a practical matter, not merely a theoretical exercise, and in his Philosophiae Moralis Instituto Compendiaria, we have his arguments for how to live a virtuous, useful, engaged life based on belief in the benevolence of God, the harmony of the universe, and the sociable dispositions of human beings. The aim was to provide a text for university students, putting forward Hutcheson's optimistic view of human nature and its relationship to the Divinity, as well as providing students with the knowledge of natural and civil law required by the university curriculum." "In this Liberty Fund edition, the Latin text of 1745, Philosophiae Moralis Instituto Compendiaria, is printed facing its 1747 English translation, A Short Introduction to Moral Philosophy. Passages left untranslated in the 1747 edition have been rendered into English for the first time, and the anonymous translator's interpolations have been identified. Luigi Turco's introduction and extensive annotations provide context, references, and, where needed, clarification for the modern reader."--Jacket In this new, dual-language edition, Hutchesons Latin Philosophiae Moralis Institutio Compendiaria is presented on facing pages with its English translation, A Short Introduction to Moral Philosophy , together with all the relevant alterations of the 1745 edition relating to the 1742 edition of the Institutio , including all the omissions and additions by the translator in the Short Introduction . Francis Hutcheson (16941746) was educated at the University of Glasgow, where he assumed the chair of moral philosophy in 1729. Luigi Turco is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Bologna. Please note: This title is available as an ebook for purchase on Amazon, Barnes and Noble, and iTunes.