Phase transitions in ferroelastic and co-elastic crystals an introduction for mineralogists, material scientists and physicists /Ekhard K.H. Salje

This textbook describes the fundamental principles of structural phase transitions in materials in an easily understandable form, suitable for both undergraduate and graduate students. Ferroelasticity, twinning and related microstructures are described. Landau-type theories of phase transitions are introduced, together with details of elastic and specific heat anomalies, the formation of spontaneous strain, and the generation of solitary waves at temperatures close to the transition point. Many materials used in industry are crystals. These crystals often show anomalies such as sudden softening or embrittlement at certain temperatures; if controlled, such behaviour can be extremely useful for manufacturing and high technology applications. This is one of the first books to describe the recently determined physical origins of such behaviour, and provides an insight into the important thermodynamic principles and microstructural properties involved. Frontmatter......Page 1 Contents......Page 5 Errata......Page 9 Preface......Page 11 A brief guide for the reader......Page 13 1 - Introduction and some definitions......Page 15 2 - Ferroelastic and co-elastic phase transition......Page 23 3 - The Landau potential......Page 27 4 - The spontaneous strain......Page 34 5 - Coupling between the spontaneous strain and the order parameter......Page 42 6 - Macroscopic classification of ferroic and co-elastic crystals......Page 58 7 - Ferroelastic and co-elastic twin structures......Page 62 8 - Domain mobilities and elastic instabilities in ferroelastic and co-elastic materials......Page 90 9 - Specific heat anomalies and the excess entropy......Page 132 10 - Coupling between order parameters in ferroelastic and co-elastic crystals......Page 161 11 - Gradient coupling and strain modulations......Page 178 12 - Some aspects of the kinetic behaviour of ferroelastic and co-elastic crystals: an outlook......Page 216 References......Page 233 Appendix: An atomistic model for the Landau potential and the origins of the saturation effect......Page 245 Index......Page 295

this Textbook Describes The Fundamental Principles Of Structural Phase Transitions In Materials In An Easily Understandable Form, Suitable For Both Undergraduate And Graduate Students.

Fig.1.2 Hysteresis experiment demonstrated by Salje and Hoppman 1976: a) The experimental arrangement for measurement of a mechanical hysteresis.