People, Plants, and Justice : The Politics of Nature Conservation

In an era of market triumphalism, this book probes the social and environmental consequences of market-linked nature conservation schemes. Rather than supporting a new anti-market orthodoxy, Zerner and colleagues assert that there is no universal entity, "the market." Original case studies from Asia, Latin America, Africa, and the South Pacific focus on topics as diverse as ecotourism, bioprospecting, oil extraction, cyanide fishing, timber extraction, and property rights. In an era of market triumphalism, this book probes the social and environmental consequences of market-linked nature conservation schemes. Rather than supporting a new anti-market orthodoxy, Charles Zerner and colleagues assert that there is no universal entity, "the market." Analysis and remedies must be based on broader considerations of history, culture, and geography in order to establish meaningful and lasting changes in policy and practice. Original case studies from Asia, Latin America, Africa, and the South Pacific focus on topics as diverse as ecotourism, bioprospecting, oil extraction, cyanide fishing, timber extraction, and property rights. The cases position concerns about biodiversity conservation and resource management within social justice and legal perspectives, providing new insights for students, scholars, policy professionals and donor/foundations engaged in international conservation and social justice. CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS PART I: Across the Terrain INTRODUCTION | Toward a Broader Vision of Justice and Nature Conservation: Charles Zerner CHAPTER 1 | Contested Communities, Malignant Markets, and Gilded Governance: Justice, Resource Extraction, and Conservation in the Tropics: Michael J. Watts CHAPTER 2 | Beyond Distributive Justice: Resource Extraction and Environmental Justice in the Tropics: Richard A. Schroeder PART II: On Location: Case Studies CHAPTER 3 | Justice for Whom? Contemporary Images of Amazonia: Candace Slater CHAPTER 4 | Outrage in Rubber and Oil: Extractivism, Indigenous Peoples, and Justice in the Upper Amazon: Søren Hvalkof CHAPTER 5 | Land, Justice, and the Politics of Conservation in Tanzania: Roderick P. Neumann CHAPTER 6 | Rebellion, Representation, and Enfranchisement in the Forest Villages of Makacoulibantang, Eastern Senegal: Jesse C. Ribot CHAPTER 7 | The Damar Agroforests of Krui, Indonesia: Justice for Forest Farmers: Geneviève Michon, Hubert de Foresta, Kusworo, and Patrice Levang CHAPTER 8 | Tropical Forests Forever? A Contextual Ecology of Bentian Rattan Agroforestry Systems: Stephanie Gorson Fried CHAPTER 9 | Global Markets, Local Injustice in Southeast Asian Seas: The Live Fish Trade and Local Fishers in the Togean Islands of Sulawesi: Celia Lowe CHAPTER 10 | Exploitation of Gaharu, and Forest Conservation Efforts in the Kayan Mentarang National Park, East Kalimantan, Indonesia: Frank Momberg, Rajindra Puri, and Timothy Jessup CHAPTER 11 | The Meaning of the Manatee: An Examination of Community-Based Ecotourism Discourse and Practice in Gales Point, Belize: Jill M. Belsky CHAPTER 12 | Profits, Prunus, and the Prostate: International Trade in Tropical Bark: Anthony Balfour Cunningham and Michelle Cunningham CHAPTER 13 | A Tale of Two Villages: Culture, Conservation, and Ecocolonialism in Samoa: Paul Alan Cox CHAPTER 14 | One in Ten Thousand? The Cameroon Caseof Ancistrocladus korupensis: Sarah A. Laird, A. B. Cunningham, and Estherine Lisinge CHAPTER 15 | The Fate of the Collections: Social Justice and the Annexation of Plant Genetic Resources: Bronwyn Parry REFERENCES CONTRIBUTORS INDEX Across The Terrain: Introduction : Toward A Broader Vision Of Justice And Nature Conservation / Charles Zerner ; Contested Communities, Malignant Markets, And Gilded Governance : Justice, Resource Extraction, And Conservation In The Tropics / Michael J. Watts -- Beyond Distributive Justice : Resource Extraction And Environmental Justice In The Tropics / Richard A. Schroeder -- On Location : Case Studies: Justice For Whom? : Contemporary Images Of Amazonia / Candace Slater ; Outrage In Rubber And Oil : Extractivism, Indigenous Peoples, And Justice In The Upper Amazon / Søren Hvalkof ; Land, Justice, And The Politics Of Conservation In Tanzania / Roderick P. Neumann ; Rebellion, Representation, And Enfranchisement In The Forest Villages Of Makacoulibantang, Eastern Senegal / Jesse C. Ribot ; The Damar Agroforests Of Krui, Indonesia : Justice For Forest Farmers / Geneviève Michon ... [et Al.] ; Tropical Forests Forever? : A Contextual Ecology Of Bentian Rattan Agroforestry Systems / Stephanie Gorson Fried ; Global Markets, Local Injustice In Southeast Asian Seas : The Live Fish Trade And Local Fishers In The Togean Islands Of Sulawesi / Celia Lowe ; Exploitation Of Gaharu, And Forest Conservation Efforts In The Kayan Mentarang National Park, East Kalimantan, Indonesia / Frank Momberg, Rajindra Puri, And Timothy Jessup ; The Meaning Of The Manatee : An Examination Of Community-based Ecotourism Discourse And Practice In Gales Point, Belize / Jill M. Belsky ; Profits, Prunus, And The Prostate : International Trade In Tropical Bark / Anthony Balfour Cunningham And Michelle Cuningham [i.e. Cunningham] ; A Tale Of Two Villages : Culture, Conservation, And Ecocolonialism In Samoa / Paul Alan Cox ; One In Ten Thousand? : The Cameroon Case Of Ancistrocladus Korupensis / Sarah A. Laird, A.b. Cunningham, And Esther Lisinge ; The Fate Of The Collections : Social Justice And The Annexation Of Plant Genetic Resources / Bronwyn Parry. Charles Zerner, Editor. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 403-436) And Index. Toward a broader vision of justice and nature conservation / Charles Zerner Contested communities, malignant markets, and gilded governance : justice, resource extraction, and conservation in the tropics / Michael J. Watts Beyond distributive justice : resource extraction and environmental justice in the tropics / Richard A. Schroeder Justice for whom? Contemporary images of Amazonia / Candace Slater Outrage in rubber and oil : extractivism, indigenous peoples, and justice in the Upper Amazon / Søren Hvalkof Land, justice, and the politics of conservation in Tanzania / Roderick P. Neumann Rebellion, representation, and enfranchisement in the forest villages of Makacoulibantang, Eastern Senegal / Jesse C. Ribot The Damar agroforests of Krui, Indonesia : justice for forest farmers / Geneviève Michon ... [et al.] Tropical forests forever? A contextual ecology of Bentian rattan agroforestry systems / Stephanie Gorson Fried Global markets, local injustice in Southeast Asian seas : the live fish trade and local fishers in the Togean Islands of Sulawesi / Celia Lowe Exploitation of Gaharu, and forest conservation efforts in the Kayan Mentarang National Park, East Kalimantan, Indonesia / Frank Momberg, Rajindra Puri, and Timothy Jessup The meaning of the manatee : an examination of community-based ecotourism discourse and practice in Gales Point, Belize / Jill M. Belsky Profits, prunus, and the prostate : international trade in tropical bark / Anthony Balfour Cunningham and Michelle Cuningham [sic] A tale of two villages : culture, conservation, and ecocolonialism in Samoa / Paul Alan Cox One in ten thousand? The Cameroon case of Ancistrocladus korupensis / Sarah A. Laird, A.B. Cunningham, and Esther Lisinge The fate of the collections : social justice and the annexation of plant genetic resources / Bronwyn Parry. This book investigates the social and environmental consequences of market-linked nature conservation schemes. Case studies from Asia, Latin America, Africa, and the South Pacific focus on topics such as eco-tourism, bio-prospecting, oil extraction, cyanide fishing, timber extraction, and property rights. [from publisher's advertisement] Probing the social and environmental consequences of market-linked nature conservation schemes, this work asserts that there is no universal entity, "the market". It argues that analysis and remedies must be based on broader considerations of history, culture and geography. Small-scale societies have long been engaged in the commodification of nature: extracting, producing, processing, and trading a diversity of products from a broad spectrum of natural environments.