Pediatric nutrition : policy of the American Academy of Pediatrics

Significantly revised and updated, the eighth edition provides the latest evidence-based guidance on the full spectrum of childhood nutrition issues. More than 50 chapters cover the latest information on nutrient metabolism to support the normal development and health of infants and children who are well, those born with congenital anomalies or disorders of metabolism, and those with acute and chronic illness. Tables and figures provide a ready resource for topics that impact practice, including the nutrient content of selected foods, recommended nutrient requirements, the fortification and use of specialized infant formulas, and more. New in the eighth edition New chapter: Pediatric Global Nutrition. Other chapters have been completely revised and reorganized, based on new information in nutritional science and new evidence-based guidelines recommending changes in practice. New policy statement on sugary drinks and new clinical reports on food insecurity, fruit juice consumption, fish and shellfish consumption, and use of donor human milk for the preterm infant. Nutrient-Gene Interactions 1. Nutrition for the 21st Century—Integrating Nutrigenetics, Nutrigenomics, and Microbiomics Feeding The Infant 2. Development of Gastrointestinal Function 3. Breastfeeding 4. Formula Feeding of Term Infants 5. Nutritional Needs of the Preterm Infant 6. Complementary Feeding Feeding the Child and Adolescent 7. Feeding the Child 8. Adolescent Nutrition 9. Nutrition in School, Preschool, and Child Care 10. Pediatric Global Nutrition 11. Nutritional Aspects of Vegetarian Diets 12. Sports Nutrition 13. Fast Foods, Organic Foods, Fad Diets, and Herbs, Herbals, and Botanicals Micronutrients and Macronutrients 14. Energy 15. Protein 16. Carbohydrate and Dietary Fiber 17. Fats and Fatty Acids 18. Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium 19. Iron 20. Trace Elements 21. Vitamins 21.1 Fat-Soluble Vitamins 21.2 Water-Soluble Vitamins Nutrient Delivery Systems 22. Parenteral Nutrition 23. Enteral Feeding for Nutritional Support Nutrition in Acute and Chronic Illness 24. Assessment of Nutritional Status 25. Pediatric Feeding and Swallowing Disorders 26. Malnutrition/Undernutrition/Failure to Thrive 27. Chronic Diarrheal Disease 28. Oral Therapy for Acute Diarrhea 29. Inborn Errors of Metabolism 30. Nutrition Therapy for Children and Adolescents With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 31. Hypoglycemia in Infants and Children 32. Dyslipidemia 33. Pediatric Obesity 34. Food Allergy 35. Nutrition and Immunity 36. Nutritional Support of Children With Developmental Disabilities 37. Nutrition of Children Who Are Critically Ill 38. Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents 39. Nutrition for Children With Sickle Cell Diseaseand Thalassemia 40. Nutrition in Renal Disease 41. Nutritional Management of Children With Cancer 42. Nutrition in the Management of Chronic Autoimmune Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Children 43. Liver Disease 44. Cardiac Disease 45. Nutrition in Children With Short Bowel Syndrome 46. Nutrition in Cystic Fibrosis 47. The Ketogenic Diet 48. Diet, Nutrition, and Oral Health Nutrition and Public Health 49. Preventing Food Insecurity—Available Community Nutrition Programs 50.1 Federal Regulation of Foods and Infant Formulas, Including Addition of New Ingredients: Food Additives and Substances Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) 50.2 Food Labeling 51. Food Safety: Infectious Disease 52. Food Safety: Pesticides, Industrial Chemicals, Toxins, Antimicrobial Preservatives, Irradiation, and Food Contact Substances Appendices A - Composition of Human Milk B - Infant Formula Act Regulations and Expert Recommendations for Term US Infant Formulas C - Increasing the Caloric Density of Infant Formula D D1 - Formulas for Low Birth Weight and Preterm Infants D2 - Human Milk Fortifiers for Preterm Infants Fed Human Milk E E1 - Dietary Reference Intakes: Recommended Intakes for Individuals E2 - Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs): Tolerable Upper Intake Levels F - ChooseMyPlate G - Food-Drug Interactions H - Calories and Electrolytes in Beverages I - Dietary Fiber: Food Sources Ranked by Amounts of Dietary Fiber and Energy per Standard Food Portions and per 100 g of Foods J - Approximate Calcium Contents of 1 Serving of Some Common Foods That Are Good Sources of Calcium K - Iron Content of Selected Foods L - Zinc Content of Common Household Portions of Selected Foods M M1 - Selected Enteral Products for Special Indications M2 - Enteral Products Grouped by Usage Indication M3 - Sources of Medical Food Modules and Modified Low-Protein Foods for Treatment of Inborn Errors of Metabolism N - Sports/Nutrition Bars O - Sodium Content of Foods P - Saturated and Polyunsaturated Fat and Cholesterol Content of Common Foods Q - Growth Charts Index The new eighth edition of this bestselling AAP policy manual on pediatric nutrition has been significantly updated and includes many new contributing authors. This valuable reference covers how nutrients influence and direct growth and development, as well as immediate and long-term health, from birth through adolescence. This evidence-based manual reflects the current policies and practices recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition. New in the eighth edition: New chapter on Pediatric Global Nutrition Other chapters have been completely reorganized, based on new information from publications in nutritional science and new evidence based guidelines recommending changes in practice. New policy statement on sugary drinks, and new clinical reports on food insecurity, fruit juice consumption, non-nutritive sweeteners, fish and shellfish consumption, and use of donor human milk for the preterm infant Updated growth charts for preterm infants after birth including BMI. Proper childhood nutrition can be the bedrock of lifelong health. This AAP policy manual makes clear policies and procedures for the best nutrition for well children as well as those with metabolic abnormalities and serious illnesses.