Paul's Concept of a Hebrew Deity in Relation to Jesus : Insights From the Kyrios and Theos Citations

In this study, Peter Nagel provides a deeper understanding of Paul's concept of a Hebrew deity by offering a textual-conceptual and linguistic connection between the Hebrew deity of the Old Testament and Jesus as the Christ of the New Testament. He does so by offering a textual-cognitive analysis of the explicit Kyrios and Theos citations within their literary context in the Pauline literature. He also considers the text-critical variants, alternatives, and discrepancies in the entire New Testament where the term Kyrios and Theos are used. This analysis is done against a broad Hebrew and Greek textual-conceptual backdrop by investigating the most prominent biblical Hebrew and Greek manuscript evidence from 300 BCE to 200 CE. Cover Title Preface Table of Contents List of Abbreviations Chapter 1: Introduction A. Problem History B. Framing the Problem and Potential Questions Chapter 2: Approaching the Literary Conceptual Problem A. Introduction B. Literary Conceptual Source and Target Contexts C. Theory, Methodology, and Aim D. Definitions, Declarations, and Disclaimers Chapter 3: Literary Conceptual Problem A. Introduction I. Excursion: The Term κύριος II. The Literary Conceptual Problem in Perspective III. A Brief Illustration of the Complexities and Rule of Thumb B. Contextualising the Literary Conceptual Problem I. The Transmission Problem: Hebrew Text Traditions II. The Translation and Transmission Problem: Greek Text Tradition III. Theological Explicit Renditions of the Hebrew Esther IV. Sirach, First and Second Maccabees – Some Observations V. The Works of Philo of Alexandria VI. The Works of Flavius Josephus I 1. Introduction 2. Antiquitates judaicae 3. Bellum judaicum 4. Contra Apionem C. The Conceptual and Transmission Problem: New Testament Text Traditions I. Introduction II. The Terms κύριος and θεός Reflecting on the Text-Critical Variations 1. Synoptic Gospels 2. Acts of the Apostles 3. Johannine Gospels 4. Pastoral Letters 5. Catholic Letters 6. Johannine Epistles 7. Hebrews 8. Revelation III. The Terms κύριος and θεός Reflecting on the Text-Critical Variations and Concepts (Deutero-Pauline) 1. Colossians 2. Ephesians 3. Second Thessalonians D. The Terms I. First Thessalonians II. Galatians III. Philippians and Philemon E. Summary Chapter 4: Explicit κύριος and θεός Citations in the Literary Conceptual Context of Romans A. Introduction B. I. Citations with Introductory Formulae II. Explicit Citations without Introductory Formulae 1. Romans 11:34 and 1 Corinthians 2:16 2. 1 Corinthians 10:26 3. 2 Corinthians 3:16 C. I. Romans 1 II. Romans 2 III. Romans 3 IV. Romans 4 1. Romans 4:3 2. Romans 4:8 V. Romans 5 VI. Romans 6 VII. Romans 7 VIII. Romans 8 IX. Romans 9 1. Romans 9:26 2. Romans 9:27–28 3. Romans 9:29 X. Romans 10 1. Romans 10:13 2. Romans 10:16 XI. Romans 11 1. Romans 11:3 2. Romans 11:8 3. Romans 11:34 XII. Romans 12 XIII. Romans 13 XIV. Romans 14 XV. Romans 15 1. Romans 15:9 2. Romans 15:11 XVI. Romans 16 D. Summary I. Proposed Solution: Theological Conceptual Problems II. Proposed Solution: Translation and Greek Transition Problems Chapter 5: Explicit κύριος and θεός Citations in the Literary Conceptual Context of First and Second Corinthians A. Introduction B. Establishing the κύριος and θεόςthe Text in First Corinthians I. 1 Corinthians 1 II. 1 Corinthians 2 1. 1 Corinthians 2:9 2. 1 Corinthians 2:16 III. 1 Corinthians 3 IV. 1 Corinthians 4 V. 1 Corinthians 5 VI. 1 Corinthians 6 VII. 1 Corinthians 7 VIII. 1 Corinthians 8 IX. 1 Corinthians 9 X. 1 Corinthians 10 XI. 1 Corinthians 11 XII. 1 Corinthians 12 XIII. 1 Corinthians 13 XIV. 1 Corinthians 14 XV. 1 Corinthians 15 XVI. 1 Corinthians 16 C. Establishing the 􀃴􀇂􀃺􀃳􀃸􀃏 and 􀃹􀃯􀇁􀃏 Text in Second Corinthians I. 2 Corinthians 1 and 2 II. 2 Corinthians 3 III. 2 Corinthians 4 IV. 2 Corinthians 5–9 V. 2 Corinthians 10 D. Summary I. Proposed Solution: Theological Conceptual Problems II. Proposed Solution: A Translation, Transmission, and Theological Conceptual Problem Chapter 6: Conclusion: Observations on Paul's Concept of a Hebrew Deity A. Introduction B. Paul's Concept of a Hebrew Deity C. Proposals for Future Research Bibliography Index of References Index of Subjects