Particle Physics and Cosmology: the Interface: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Particle Physics and Cosmology: the Interface Cargèse, France, 4-16 August 2003

The school introduces the experimental and theoretical particle physics background underlying several aspects of cosmology: matter anti-matter asymmetry, dark matter, the acceleration of the expansion, the 3K Cosmological Background Radiation, the geometry of the universe. The theoretical lectures offer reviews by experts on topics which include the limits of the standard model, a description of the neutrino mass, supersymmetry, leptogenesis/baryogenesis, scalar fields, and extra-dimensions. The status experimental observations in particle physics and astrophysics (CP violation, neutrino oscillations, dark matter, 3K radiation) is also covered. This Carg` ese school of Particle physics is meant to bridge the narr- ing gap between astrophysical observations and particle physics. The lectures supply the students with a theoretical background which covers severalaspectsofthecosmologicalscenario: matter-antimatterasym- try, the nature of dark matter, the acceleration of the expansion and the cosmological constant and the geometry of the universe as well as m- ernviewsonparticlephysicsincludingsupersymmetry, extradimensions scenarii and neutrino oscillations. ix Preface TheinvestigationofnuclearabundancesbyAlpher, Bethe, andGamow (1948) was the?rst intrusion of subatomic physics into cosmology. In contrast with their assumption, most nuclear species are now known to be produced in stars, but their bold step led to predictions which have largely been proven to be right: -a crude estimate of the densities during primordial nucleosynthesis -the presence of a residual 3K radiation today. the issues they addressed are still relevant. The origin of matter is not fully understood, and the CMB has grown into a powerful tool to inv- tigate the early eras of the universe. The progress of cosmological observations has now led to a 'standard' slow-roll in?ation model, which accounts quantitatively for many - served features of the universe. As the lectures will show, it still leaves large unchartered areas, and the underlying particle physics aspects are yettobeelucidated This Carg` ese school of Particle physics is meant to bridge the narr- ing gap between astrophysical observations and particle physics. The lectures supply the students with a theoretical background which covers matter-antimatterasym- try, the nature of dark matter, the acceleration of the expansion and the cosmological constant and the geometry of the universe as well as m- ernviewsonparticlephysicsincludingsupersymmetry, extradimensions scenarii and neutrino oscillations. ix Preface TheinvestigationofnuclearabundancesbyAlpher, Bethe, andGamow (1948) was the ?rst intrusion of subatomic physics into cosmology. In contrast with their assumption, most nuclear species are now known to be produced in stars, but their bold step led to predictions which have largely been proven to be -a crude estimate of the densities during primordial nucleosynthesis -the presence of a residual 3K radiation today. the issues they addressed are still relevant. The origin of matter is not fully understood, and the CMB has grown into a powerful tool to inv- tigate the early eras of the universe. The progress of cosmological observations has now led to a 'standard' slow-roll in?ation model, which accounts quantitatively for many - served features of the universe. As the lectures will show, it still leaves large unchartered areas, and the underlying particle physics aspects are yettobeelucidated. ElectroWeak Symmetry Breaking as of 2003, on the Way to the Large Hadron Collider....Pages 1-29 Current Status of the CKM Matrix and the CP Violation....Pages 31-82 Neutrino Masses....Pages 83-109 Neutrinos....Pages 111-170 Baryo- and Leptogenesis (Outline)....Pages 171-179 Scalar Fields in Particle Physics in Cosmology....Pages 181-234 Inflation, Quantum Fluctuations and Cosmological Perturbations....Pages 235-278 Cosmic Microwave Background Cosmology....Pages 279-310 Cosmology with Supernovae 1A....Pages 311-327 Dark Matter and Galaxy Formation....Pages 329-347 Supersymmetric Extension of the Standard Model....Pages 349-395 Gaugino Condensation and SUSY Breakdown....Pages 397-433 Is Dark Matter Supersymmetric?....Pages 435-460 Cargese Lectures on Extra-Dimensions....Pages 461-517