Parliamentary Democracy: Democratization, Destabilization, Reconsolidation, 1789-1999 (Advances in Political Science (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England).)

## List of Figures and Tables vii 4.9 Ministers' career pattern in parliamentary democracies 5.1 Election of the head of state 5.2 The head of state and legislation 5.3 The head of state and government building 5.4 Dissolution of parliament 1 5.5 Early dissolution of parliament as indicator of a crisis 6.1 Typology of coalition systems in terms of multidimensional policy space 6.2 A Comprehensive Study Of The Parliamentary Regimes Since 1789, The Book Covers The Road To The Parliamentarization Of Former Constitutional Monarchies And The Creation Of Parliamentary Regimes By Exercising The Constitution-making Power Of The People. What Has Been Called Democratization In Most Of The 'transitology' Literature Was, Until 1918, Mostly Only 'parliamentarization'. Democratization Of The Regimes Frequently Caused A Certain Destabilization Of The Parliamentary Regimes By New Parties And Extremist Movement Entering The Political Arena.--jacket. Parliamentary Government: The Rise Of A Concept -- The Parliamentarisation Of Representative Governments -- Waves Of Parliamentarisation Of The Executive -- Parliamentarisation Via The Constitutional Weapons Of Parliament -- Parliamentarisation And Democratisation: The Struggle For Universal Suffrage And Its Impact On Parliamentary Government -- The Parliamentary System And Constitutional Engineering -- Parliamentary Government By The Constituent Power Of The People -- The Organisational Basis Of Parliamentary Sovereignty -- Organisational Autonomy -- Non-hierarchical Parliament -- Non-hierarchical Relations In Two-chamber Systems -- Social Equality Among Deputies And Economic Independence -- The Rise Of A New Hierarchy In Parliamentary Work: Plenary And Committee Work -- The Steering Function Of Parliamentary Groups -- Functions Of Parliaments -- Representation And Articulation Of Interests -- Controlling Functions -- The Legislative Function -- The Recruitment Function -- The Role Of The Head Of State In Relation To Parliament And Government -- The Creation Of A Head Of State -- Cohabitation Of Presidential And Parliamentary Majorities In Semipresidential Systems -- Functions Of The Head Of State In Legislation -- Functions In Government Building -- Indications For Government Formation -- The Process Of Consultation On Government Formation -- The Head Of State And The Routine Business Of Government -- The Head Of The State And The End Of Government -- Dissolution Of Parliament By Decree Of The Head Of State. Klaus Von Beyme. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. A comprehensive study of the parliamentary regimes since 1789, the book covers the road to the parliamentarization of former constitutional monarchies and the creation of parliamentary regimes by exercising the constitution-making power of the people. What has been called democratization in most of the 'transitology' literature was, until 1918, mostly only parliamentarization'. Democratization of the regimes frequently caused a certain destabilization of the parliamentary regimes by new parties and extremist movement entering the political arena. Democratization of parliamentary regimes was - with few exceptions - followed by crisis and destabilization - sometimes even by a devolution toward authoritarianism. Destabilization after 1945 was, with few exceptions (France, Greece), ended by reconsolidation of parliamentary democracy. The book covers the functions of parliament and the recruitment of deputies and traces the conditions of government formation and government dissolution in the triangle of forces: parliament, government and head of the state. The book contains much statistical material and discusses the virtues and vices of formalized coalitions and theories of them This comprehensive study of parliamentary regimes since 1789 covers the road to the parliamentarization of former constitutional monarchies and the creation of parliamentary regimes by exercising the constitution-making power of the people. What has been called "democratization" in most literature was until 1918 mostly "parliamentarization." Democratization of the regimes frequently caused destabilization of the parliamentary regimes by new parties and extremist movements entering the political arena. The book covers the functions of parliament and the recruitment of deputies and traces the conditions of government formation and dissolution in the triangle of forces: parliament, government, and head of the state. Parliamentary Democracy provides a comparative study of the parliamentary regimes since 1789. The book covers the road to parliamentarization of former constitutional monarchies and the creation of parliamentary regimes by exercising the constitution-making power of the people. What has been called democratization in most of the 'transitology' literature was until 1918 mostly only 'parliamentarization'. Democratization of the regimes frequently caused a certain destabilization of the parliamentary regimes by new parties and extremist movement entering the political arena. This is the first book to cover the entire range of parliamentary systems, including the semi-presidential systems. Why did democracy survive in some European countries between the wars while fascism or authoritarianism emerged elsewhere? This innovative study approaches this question through the comparative analysis of the inter-war experience of eighteen countries within a common comprehensive analytical framework. It combines (social and economic) structure- and (political) actor-related aspects to provide detailed historical accounts of each case which serve as background information for the systematic testing of major theories of fascism and democracy Front Matter....Pages i-viii Introduction....Pages 1-3 Parliamentary Government: the Rise of a Concept....Pages 4-15 The Parliamentarisation of Representative Governments....Pages 16-37 The Organisational Basis of Parliamentary Sovereignty....Pages 38-71 Functions of Parliaments....Pages 72-107 The Role of the Head of State in Relation to Parliament and Government....Pages 108-148 The Government and Parliamentary Majority....Pages 149-197 Conclusion....Pages 198-216 Back Matter....Pages 217-248 Why did democracy survive in some European countries between the wars, while fascism or authoritarianism emerged elsewhere? This study approaches the question through the comparative analysis of the inter-war experience of 18 countries