Pacific Pidgins and Creoles: Origins, Growth and Development (Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs [TiLSM] Book 132)

__Pacific Pidgins and Creoles__ discusses the complex and fascinating history of English-based pidgins in the Pacific, especially the three closely related Melanesian pidgins: Tok Pisin, Pijin, and Bislama. The book details the central role of the port of Sydney and the linguistic synergies between Australia and the Pacific islands in the late 18^th^ and early 19^th^ centuries, the role of Pacific islander plantation labor overseas, and the differentiation which has taken place in the pidgins spoken in the Melanesian island states in the 20^th^ century. It also looks at the future of Pacific pidgins at a time of increasing vernacular language endangerment. Acknowledgements 5 List of maps, figures and tables 15 Abbreviations 18 Chapter 1: Introduction 21 Chapter 2: Present-day Pacific Pidgins 25 2.1. Bislama 27 2.2. Solomon Islands Pijin 28 2.3. Tok Pisin (Papua New Guinea) 29 2.4. Pitcairn-Norfolk 31 2.5. Hawaiian Pidgin English 32 2.6. Ngatik Men’s Language 34 2.7. Australian Kriol 35 2.8. Broken (Torres Strait) 36 2.9. Nauruan Pidgin English 38 Chapter 3: Previous theories of pidgin development 41 3.0. Introduction 41 3.1. Genesis and general theory 41 3.2. The genesis of contact languages in Oceania 52 3.3. Conclusion 81 Chapter 4: Early days: History of contacts 1788–1863 85 A. The Australian scene 85 4.1. New South Wales 87 4.2. Queensland 91 4.3. South Australia, Northern Territory, Western Australia 94 4.4. Tasmania 98 B. Australia – South Pacific island maritime links 99 4.5. Summary of recorded South Pacific voyages 1788–1840 99 Chapter 5: The beginnings: The language situation 1788–1863 135 5.0. Introductory 135 5.1. Foreigner Talk and European contact in Australia and the Pacific 135 5.2. Samples of New South Wales Pidgin 1788–1850 137 5.3. New South Wales Pidgin glossary 1788–1850 141 5.4. Examples from Pacific states pre-1863 159 5.5. Pacific Pidgin glossary 1788–1850 (list of first usages, including Australia and Pacific) 175 Chapter 6: The plantations: History of contacts 1863–1906 193 6.1. Introductory 193 6.2. The overseas plantations 194 6.3. The sources of labour 228 6.4. Other Pacific states involved pre-1863 234 6.5. Plantations at home 235 Chapter 7: Jargon to pidgin: The language situation 1863–1906 243 7.0. Introduction 243 7.1. Examples from 19th century written sources 243 7.2. The 1885–1886 Royal Commission 274 7.3. Queensland Canefields English 278 7.4. The Vanuatu corpus 297 7.5. Conclusions 315 Chapter 8: Colonial days: History of contacts 1906–1975 319 8.0. Introductory 319 8.1. Plantations in the New Hebrides Condominium (Vanuatu) 319 8.2. Papua New Guinea (and Samoa) 343 8.3. Solomon Islands 356 Chapter 9: Differentiation: The language situation 1906–1975 369 9.1. Overall language situation at the beginning of the 20th Century 369 9.2. New Hebrides (Vanuatu) 371 9.3. Solomon Islands 387 9.4. Papua New Guinea 395 9.5. Bislama, Solomons Pijin and Tok Pisin: differential elements 413 9.6. Conclusions 418 Chapter 10: Today’s world: 1975 to the present 421 10.1. Vanuatu 421 10.2. Papua New Guinea (PNG) 474 10.3. Solomon Islands 491 10.4 Conclusion of Chapter 10 497 Chapter 11: Conclusion 499 Appendix I. Konstitusin blong Ripablik blong Vanuatu (Niu Hebredis) 1980 505 Appendix II. Maps 509 References 543 Index 571

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Review text: " ... T & C are to be commended for providing a nice collection of clear maps, a major boon to readers unfamiliar with the web of islands that witnessed the development of the Pacific pidgins. And in general, this is a collection between two covers of data and arguments that ought be of interest to all who seek enlightenment based on concrete and exhaustive empirical evidence on how pidgin and creole languages have arisen, diverged, and stabilized."John McWhorter in: Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages, 2008 "Nevertheless, this book is a milestone in the historical linguistics of Pacific pidgins and creoles. It is a must not only for every linguist interested in pidgins and creoles and their history, but also for sociolinguists interested in language change and development, as well as for all linguists working in the area!"Gunter Senft in: Linguistics, 44, 1-2006 "Although I knew quitea lot, I also learned quite a lot from reading it."Alfred F. Majewicz in: Linguistic and Oriental Studies from Poznan 6/2004 Pacific Pidgins and Creoles discusses the complex and fascinating history of English-based pidgins in the Pacific, especially the three closely related Melanesian pidgins: Tok Pisin, Pijin, and Bislama. The book details the central role of the port of Sydney and the linguistic synergies between Australia and the Pacific islands in the late 18 th and early 19 th centuries, the role of Pacific islander plantation labor overseas, and the differentiation which has taken place in the pidgins spoken in the Melanesian island states in the 20 th century. It also looks at the future of Pacific pidgins at a time of increasing vernacular language endangerment. The authors of this book first met on the island of Malakula, in central Vanuatu more than thirty years ago. By Darrell T. Tryon, Jean-michel Charpentier. Includes Bibliographical References (p. [523]-550) And Index.