Oxford Medical Histories : History of Radiology

In 1890, Professor Arthur Willis Goodspeed, a professor of physics at Pennsylvania USA was working with an English born photographer, William N Jennings, when they accidentally produced a Rontgen Ray picture. Unfortunately, the significance of their findings were overlooked, and the formal discovery of X-rays was credited to Wilhelm Roentgen in 1895. The discovery has since transformed the practice of medicine, and over the course of the past 130 years, the development of new radiological techniques has continued to grow. The impact has been seen in virtually every hospital in the world, from the routine use of Ultrasound for pregnancy scans, through to the diagnosis of complex medical issues such as brain tumours. More subtly, X-rays were also used in the discovery of DNA and in military combat, and their social influence through popular culture can be seen in cartoons, books, movies and art.Written by two radiologists who have a passion for the history of their field, __The History of Radiology__ is a beautifully illustrated review of the remarkable developments within radiology and the scientists and pioneers who were involved. This engaging and authoritative history will appeal to a wide audience including medical students studying for the Diploma in the History of Medicine of the Society of Apothecaries (DHMSA), doctors, medical physicists, medical historians and radiographers. Cover 1 Contents 12 About the authors 15 Abbreviations 16 1 Wilhelm Röntgen and the discovery 18 The scientific background 18 Nikola Tesla 18 Röntgen and the discovery 20 Early reception of the discovery 23 The Nobel Prize 26 2 Early radiology 28 Ernest Wilson (1871–1911) 29 Corporal Edward Wallwork RAMC and radiation risks 31 Early pioneers 35 Defining the normal 37 Alban Köhler (1874–1947) 40 Sebastian Gilbert Scott 41 Kathleen Clark (1898–1968) and radiographic standardization 43 British Authors 46 Early departments 47 Medico-legal radiology 50 Border control 52 3 Military radiology 54 The Italo-Abyssinian War 55 Greco-Turkish War 56 Walter Caverley Beevor and the Tirah Campaign 58 John Battersby and the River War 59 The Spanish–American War 60 The Boer War 60 Marie Curie and the First World War 62 Florence Stoney 65 The Second World War 72 Post 1945 72 4 Radiology and popular culture 76 Radiology and paper ephemera 76 Radiology and art 83 Radiology and the cinema 85 5 Classical radiology 90 The plain film 90 Conventional tomography 92 The gastrointestinal tract 94 Contrast media and the renal tract 97 Traditional neuroradiology 104 Chest imaging including the tuberculosis screening story 110 6 Computed tomographic scanning 114 The development of computed tomography 114 Johann Radon 116 Allan Cormack and Godfrey Hounsfield 116 Developments in CT scanning 125 Willi Kalender and helical scanning 129 Multislice scanning and its clinical impact 130 7 Magnetic resonance imaging 134 8 Ultrasound 140 Karl Theodor Dussik (1908–1968) 140 John J. Wild (1914–2009) 143 Ian Donald (1910–1987) 144 Doppler ultrasound 150 The development of ultrasound 151 FAST ultrasound and bedside ultrasound 153 9 Digital imaging, picture archiving, and communication systems 156 The development of digital processing 156 Teleradiology 160 PACS and HIS/RIS 161 10 Interventional radiology 166 Development of angiography 166 Werner Forssmann (1904–1979) 168 Seldinger and his technique 169 Charles Dotter and angioplasty 170 Non-angiographic intervention 171 Image-guided biopsies and drainage 173 Modern interventional radiology 173 11 A history of mammography 178 Raoul Leborgne 179 Robert Egan and Charles Gros 179 Breast screening 180 Digital mammography 180 Breast biopsy and one-stop clinics 181 Pelvimetry 182 Gynaecography 183 12 Nuclear medicine and radioactivity: from nuclear biology to molecular imaging 188 Henri Becquerel and the Curies 189 The influence of nuclear medicine in the Second World War 195 Atoms for peace and Joseph Rotblat 196 Early nuclear medicine 199 The rectilinear scanner 201 Hal Anger and his camera 202 The development of PET and SPECT 206 Molecular imaging 207 13 Review and the future 210 The centrality of medical imaging to modern clinical medicine 212 Appendix 1: Early British radiology journals 222 Appendix 2: Early British radiology societies 224 Appendix 3: Annotated bibliography and reading list 226 Index 228 A 228 B 228 C 229 D 230 E 231 F 231 G 231 H 232 I 233 J 233 K 233 L 233 M 234 N 235 O 235 P 235 Q 236 R 236 S 237 T 238 U 238 V 239 W 239 X 239 Y 239 Z 239 In 1890, Professor Arthur Willis Goodspeed, a professor of physics at Pennsylvania USA was working with an English born photographer, William N Jennings, when they accidentally produced a Rontgen Ray picture. Unfortunately, the significance of their findings were overlooked, and the formal discovery of X-rays was credited to Wilhelm Roentgen in 1895. The discovery has since transformed the practice of medicine, and over the course of the past 130 years, the development of new radiological techniques has continued to grow. The impact has been seen in virtually every hospital in the world, from the routine use of Ultrasound for pregnancy scans, through to the diagnosis of complex medical issues such as brain tumours. More subtly, X-rays were also used in the discovery of DNA and in military combat, and their social influence through popular culture can be seen in cartoons, books, movies and art. Written by two radiologists who have a passion for the history of their field, The History of Radiology is a beautifully illustrated review of the remarkable developments within radiology and the scientists and pioneers who were involved. This engaging and authoritative history will appeal to a wide audience including medical students studying for the Diploma in the History of Medicine of the Society of Apothecaries (DHMSA), doctors, medical physicists, medical historians and radiographers. In 1890, Professor Arthur Willis Goodspeed, a professor of physics at Pennsylvania USA was working with an English born photographer, William N Jennings, when they accidentally produced a Röntgen Ray picture. Unfortunately, the significance of their findings were overlooked, and the formal discovery of X-rays was credited to Wilhelm Roentgen in 1895. The discovery has since transformed the practice of medicine, and over the course of the past 130 years, the development of new radiological techniques has continued to grow. The impact has been seen in virtually every hospital in the world, from the routine use of ultrasound for pregnancy scans, through to the diagnosis of complex medical issues such as brain tumours. More subtly, X-rays were also used in the discovery of DNA and in military combat, and their social influence through popular culture can be seen in cartoons, books, movies and art. Written by two radiologists who have a passion for the history of their field, The History of Radiology is a beautifully illustrated review of the remarkable developments within radiology and the scientists and pioneers who were involved. This engaging and authoritative history will appeal to a wide audience including medical students studying for the Diploma in the History of Medicine of the Society of Apothecaries (DHMSA), doctors, medical physicists, medical historians and radiographers. 'the History Of Radiology' Is An Authoritative And Engaging History Of Medical Developments Within Radiology Which Will Appeal To A Wide Audience Including Radiologists, Medical Physicists, Medical Historians, Radiographers, Medical Students And Doctors. Wilhelm Röntgen And The Discovery -- Early Radiology -- Military Radiology -- Radiology And Popular Culture -- Classical Radiology -- Computed Tomographic Scanning -- Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- Ultrasound -- Digital Imaging, Picture Archiving, And Communication Systems -- Interventional Radiology -- A History Of Mammography -- Nuclear Medicine And Radioactivity : From Nuclear Biology To Molecular Imaging -- Review And The Future. Adrian M.k. Thomas, Arpan K. Banerjee. Includes Bibliographical References (pages [209]-210) And Index.