Out of Options: A Cognitive Model of Adolescent Suicide and Risk-Taking (International Studies on Child and Adolescent Health)

Considering not only suicidal and risk-taking behavior, this work also covers related disorders such as depression, conduct problems, and substance abuse that often precede suicide and risk-taking. The material, presented in a structured way, allows the reader to follow the logical progression from a wide literature base. This permits a more specific examination of cognitive deficits (in problem solving and decision making) of the adolescents who engage in suicidal and risk-taking behaviors. Cover 1 Half-title 3 Series-title 5 Title 7 Copyright 8 Dedication 9 Contents 11 Preface 17 Introduction 19 Adolescent Development 22 Adolescents and Suicide 23 1 Adolescent Suicide: An Overview of the Epidemiology 29 Epidemiology 29 Age and Gender 29 2 Risk and Predisposing Factors in Adolescent Suicide 35 Introduction 35 Environmental Variables 36 STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS 36 FAMILY DYSFUNCTION 37 INTERPERSONAL INTERACTIONS 38 FAMILY INTERACTIONS 39 Intrinsic Factors 41 GENDER 41 SEXUALITY 42 FAMILY HISTORY OF PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS 44 EXPERIENCES OF ABUSE AS A CHILD 44 GENETIC PREDISPOSITION 45 3 Emotional Problems and Adolescent Suicide 49 Depressive Disorder 50 Bipolar Disorder 54 Conduct Disorder, Substance Abuse, and the Issue of Comorbidity 54 The Role of Alcohol in Suicidal Behavior 56 Personality Disorder 58 Schizophrenia 59 Panic Disorder 59 4 Adolescent Suicide: Cognitive Variables 61 Hopelessness 61 Problem Solving 63 Hopelessness and Problem Solving 65 Coping Strategies 67 Protective Factors 69 Affect Dysregulation 71 Conclusions 72 ADOLESCENT RISK-TAKING 75 5 Adolescent Risk-Taking: An Overview 77 Differing Perspectives on Adolescent Risk-Taking 81 SENSATION SEEKING AND EGOCENTRISM 81 PROBLEM BEHAVIOR THEORY 82 DECISION MAKING 83 EMPIRICAL STUDIES 84 6 Risk and Predisposing Factors in Adolescent Risk-Taking 89 Environmental Variables 89 FAMILY DYSFUNCTION 89 PEER INFLUENCE 90 Intrinsic Factors 91 GENDER 91 FAMILY HISTORY OF PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS 92 EXPERIENCES OF ABUSE AS A CHILD 92 GENETIC PREDISPOSITION 92 SEXUALITY 93 Psychiatric Correlates of Adolescent Risk-Taking 94 SUBSTANCE ABUSE 94 CONDUCT DISORDER 95 7 Adolescent Risk-Taking: Cognitive Variables 97 Problem Solving 97 Hopelessness 100 Protective Factors 101 The Effects of Alcohol and Stress on Problem Solving and Decision Making 101 A PILOT STUDY 102 An Overlap Between Suicidal and Risk-Taking Adolescents 103 Conclusions 105 A MODEL OF SUICIDE AND RISK-TAKING 107 8 An Integrated Model of Suicide and Risk-Taking 109 Introduction 109 An Earlier Model 110 The S/RT Model 113 A Rationale for the S/RT Model 114 RISK FACTORS FOR SUICIDE AND RISK-TAKING 114 PSYCHOPATHOLOGY, SUICIDE, AND RISK-TAKING 115 MEDIATING VARIABLES, SUICIDE, AND RISK-TAKING 115 Problem-Solving and Decision-Making Deficits in Suicidal Behavior 117 COGNITIVE CAPACITY 117 NARROWING OF ATTENTIONAL FOCUS 118 Problem-Solving and Decision-Making Deficits in Risk-Taking 120 NARROWING OF ATTENTIONAL FOCUS 120 REGRET THEORY 121 JUDGMENT AND CONFIDENCE 122 Conclusions 123 AN EVALUATION OF THE S/RT MODEL 125 9 Depressed and Problem Behavior Adolescents 127 Data Collected 131 Method 133 PARTICIPANTS 133 MATERIALS AND PROCEDURE 134 Results 134 Discussion 137 PROBLEM SOLVING 137 DECISION MAKING 140 HOPELESSNESS 141 10 Suicide Attempters and Risk Takers 143 Method 143 PARTICIPANTS AND GROUP ALLOCATION 143 SUICIDE ATTEMPTER GROUP 144 SERIOUS RISK-TAKER GROUP 145 SUICIDE ATTEMPTERS AND RISK TAKERS COMBINED GROUP 146 COMPARISON GROUP 146 MATERIALS AND PROCEDURES 146 Results 146 Discussion 150 PROBLEM SOLVING 152 DECISION MAKING 154 PROTECTIVE FACTORS 155 HOPELESSNESS 156 11 The Impact of Cognitive Variables as Mediators 159 The Paths to Suicidal Behavior 161 The Paths to Risk-Taking Behavior 163 The Paths to Risk-Taking and Suicidal Behaviors 165 Conclusions 167 IMPLICATIONS FOR TREATMENT 171 12 Clinical Implications: The Development of Problem Solving 173 The Development of Problem-Solving Skills 174 SYMBOLIZATION 175 MEMORY 176 MORAL REASONING 178 DEVELOPMENTAL INTELLIGENCE 180 CONSTANCY OF EMOTIONS 181 CONSTANCY OF BEHAVIOR 182 13 Clinical Implications: Intervention and Resilience Building 183 Programs to Improve Problem-Solving Skills 184 Challenging Outdoor Programs 185 The School Culture 186 Improving Problem Solving in Symptomatic Adolescents 189 DEPRESSION 189 SUICIDE 189 CONDUCT DISORDERS AND SERIOUS RISK-TAKING ADOLESCENTS 191 SERIOUS RISK-TAKING 192 Clinical Interventions 193 Conclusion 196 References 199 Index 221

this Book Looks At Suicidal And Risk-taking Behaviour.

doody Review Services

reviewer:saisha Gupta, Md(rush University Medical Center)
description:this Is An Invaluable Resource For Anyone Interested In Learning More About Adolescent Risk-taking And Suicidal Behaviors. It Takes A Detailed Look At The Risks And Predisposing Factors In Adolescent Suicide Then Moves On To A Cognitive Model That Is Developed And Evaluated.
purpose:the Purpose Of This Book Is Threefold. One Is To Discuss The Complexities Of Adolescent Risk-taking And Suicidal Behaviors. Second Is To Develop And Evaluate A Cognitive Model That Suggests Points At Which Interventions Can Be Made. Third Is To Review The Implications Of Treatment.
audience:although This Book Is Of Particular Interest To Mental Health Workers, Including Social Workers, Psychologists, And Psychiatrists, It Is A Great Resource To Offer Parents.
features:the Book Begins With A Detailed Look At The Different Factors Involved In Adolescent Risk-taking And Suicidal Behaviors. These Factors Include The Intrinsic, Environmental, Emotional, And Cognitive. Next, The Authors Present A Cognitive Model And Discuss Problem-solving And Decision-making Deficits Found In Adolescents With Risk-taking And Suicidal Behaviors. This Cognitive Model Is Presented In Detail, With Methods, Results, And Discussion. Finally, The Authors Go Over The Implications Of Treatment And Clinical Interventions That Can Be Made.
assessment:this Book Is Excellent In Presenting A Detailed Look At Many Aspects Of Adolescent Risk-taking And Suicidal Behaviors. It Is Easy To Follow And Understand And Provides Many Good References. I Highly Recommend It To Anyone Involved In Mental Health Who Is Working With Adolescents.

"This book tackles an area of adolescent behavior that presents a significant challenge for parents, teachers, and professionals the world over. Although much has been written on the topic of adolescent suicide, we see continued high rates throughout industrialized nations. The overlap between suicidal behaviors and other forms of serious risk-taking is a relatively new avenue of research and gives insight into the motivations of some adolescents. The cognitive model developed and evaluated in this book provides further insight into the progression from early problems faced by young people to the serious outcomes of suicide and risk-taking. The model allows us to suggest points of intervention for young people and to demonstrate that, although there are overlapping features between suicidal and risk-taking behaviors, attempts to intervene would target different problem areas for suicidal adolescents than for risk-taking adolescents."--Jacket. This book tackles an area of adolescent behavior that presents a significant challenge for parents, teachers and professionals the world over. Whilst much has been written on the topic of adolescent suicide we see continued high rates throughout industrialized nations. The overlap between suicidal behaviors and other forms of serious risk-taking is a relatively new avenue of research and gives insight into the motivations of some adolescents. The cognitive model developed and evaluated in this book provides further insight into the progression from early problems faced by young people to the serious outcomes of suicide and risk-taking. The model allows us to suggest points of intervention for young people and to demonstrate that whilst there are overlapping features, attempts to intervene would target different problem areas for suicidal adolescents than for risk-taking adolescents. This looks at suicidal and risk-taking behaviour and includes a discussion of disorders such as depression, conduct problems, and substance abuse that often precede suicide. The material is presented in a structured way that allows the reader to follow the logical progression. Epidemiological studies indicate that suicide is a leading cause of death among adolescents throughout the industrialized world.