Oracle on Docker : Running Oracle Databases in Linux Containers

Table of Contents About the Author About the Technical Reviewer Acknowledgments Introduction Part I: Introduction to Containers Chapter 1: Introducing Docker and Oracle Why Docker? Simplicity Self-Contained Speed Portability Reliability Cost Use Cases Exchange Data Modular Software Orchestration Other Uses Objections to Docker Summary Chapter 2: Understanding the Container Landscape Containers vs. Virtual Machines Dedicated vs. Shared Performance Capacity and Capability Concepts and Terminology Images Tags Portable Immutable and Stateless Containers Stateful Ephemeral Resources Volumes Networking Additional Terminology Runtimes Dockerfiles Builds Summary Chapter 3: Container Foundations Docker Command-Line Overview Run Your First Container List Images Run a Container Explore the Container Image Registries Minimalism Modify the Container Persistence Check the Container State Start the Container Interactive vs. Detached Connect to the Container Verify Persistence Remove the Container Images Are Immutable Start a New Container Save a New Image Run the New Image Union Filesystems Commit vs. Build Summary Chapter 4: Oracle Database Quick Start Access the Docker Environment Terminology Docker Commands Images and Containers Build and Run The Docker Command Line Obtaining an Image Pre-built Images Download an Image Download a Tag Running Pre-built Images Pre-built Image Limitations Building Images from a Repository Oracle Docker GitHub Repo Oracle Database Software Build an Image Running a Container Container Properties Port Publishing Volume Mounting Permissions Issues in Linux and Windows WSL Environments Environment Variables Container Name A Full Run Command View Container Logs Access and Use the Container Access a Container Shell Run SQL*Plus Run Scripts Connect from Host Applications Manage the Container Summary Chapter 5: Differences in Database Containers Start an Oracle Database Container Connect to the Container Navigate the Oracle Database Container Container Differences Hostname cron Binaries Oracle Directories Configuration Files Volumes Summary Chapter 6: Customize Container Environments The Startup Process View Environment Values docker run Command-Line Option Values from a File Values from the Host Environment Overwriting and Creating Variables Environment Options in Oracle Images Summary Chapter 7: Persistence Container Storage Docker Internal Storage Drawbacks of Union Filesystems Mount Concepts Volumes vs. Volumes Mount Types Bind Mount Docker Volumes tmpfs and Secrets Volumes vs. Bind Mounts Mounting Storage Using -v or --volume Using --mount Undefined Volumes Entrypoint Directories Manage Space Prune Volumes Prune Images Prune Containers Prune the System Which Type of Volume Is Best? No Volume Bind Mounts Container Association and Orphans Mounting Method Directory Ownership Local Volumes Bind-Mounted Volumes Directory Creation Directory Ownership and Permissions Mounting Method Summary Chapter 8: Basic Networking Port Publishing Publishing Container Ports Limits of Container Port Mapping Automatic Port Publication Connect to a Database in a Container Set Up Connections in SQL Developer EZConnect Creating tnsnames.ora Configurations Connect to Containers on Remote Hosts Setting the Container Hostname Adding Ports to an Existing Container Summary Chapter 9: Container Networks Container Networks Docker Network Types Bridge Networks Host Networks Other Network Types Demonstrating Bridge Networking Displaying Network Information List Networks Inspect a Network Inspect the Container’s Network Entries Viewing Virtual Devices on the Container Network Limitations of Default Bridge Networks Local Connections Work Remote Connections Fail User-Defined Bridge Networks Create the Network Attach the Containers What About DNS? Host Connections Problems with Port Mapping Container DNS Resolution on Hosts You Don’t Need Port Mapping Disconnect from the Default Bridge Network Assign a Network During Container Creation Summary Chapter 10: Container Creation Quick Reference Conventions Storage Create Volumes Predefined Volumes in Oracle Database Containers Preparing Volumes for Oracle Databases Networking Create User-Defined Bridge Networks Connect/Disconnect Containers to/from Networks Dedicated DNS Containers Basic Container Creation Naming Assign a Container Name Assign a Hostname Define Environment Variables Assign Storage Bind-Mount a Directory with -v Bind-Mount a Directory with --mount Attach a Predefined Volume with -v Attach a Predefined Volume with --mount Entrypoints Networking Map Ports to the Host Add to a Network Complete Container Examples Interact with Containers Open a Shell Run SQL*Plus Run a Script Connect As Root Manage Passwords Docker Deployment Examples New Environment Setup Add the Oracle Repository Networking Running Containers Disposable Environments Persistent Environments Summary Part II: Building and Customizing Images Chapter 11: Customizing Images Script Modifications OS Install and Configuration setupLinuxEnv.sh Dockerfile Modify the Default Shell Prompt Add a login.sql File Database Installation installDBBinaries.sh db_inst.rsp Database Creation Add a Non-CDB Option Start and Run the Database Summary Chapter 12: Dockerfile Syntax The Role of Layers in the Build Process FROM Build Stages Configure Environments: ARG and ENV Extending Images Argument and Environment Scope During Builds Build Dockerfile Templates with Arguments Assign Multiple Variables Variables and Secrets LABEL USER COPY Setting Ownership Context in the Build Process Copy from Images and Build Stages Patching Database Upgrades RUN Running Commands and Scripts Commands or Scripts? EXPOSE and VOLUME WORKDIR CMD HEALTHCHECK Summary Chapter 13: Oracle Dockerfile Recipes Multipurpose Image Limitations Fixed Directory Paths Contradictions Extended Multitenancy Options Create Non-CDB Databases Create Multiple Pluggable Databases Use the Setup Entrypoint Create a Read-Only Database Home Convert a Database Home to Read-Only Resolve Configuration Directories Update Scripts Run Containers with Read-Only Homes Scripting Image Customization Conditional Operations Appending Values in Dockerfiles Conditional File Copy Summary Chapter 14: Building Images Build Command Syntax Context Select a Dockerfile No Symbolic Links or Shortcuts Allowed in the Context Ignore Files Tagging Images Add Tags to Images Tag Images During Builds Arguments Housekeeping Pruning Cache Management BuildKit Progress Ignore Files BuildKit Syntax Summary Chapter 15: Debugging and Troubleshooting View and Manipulate Output Echo Information Add a Debug Option View Container Logs Override Container Startup Intermediate Containers Build to a Target Run Cached Layers Access Container Files Summary Chapter 16: Docker Hub and Image Repositories Docker Hub Trusted Content Untrusted Images Vulnerability Scanning Licensing Docker Hub Accounts Image Management Registry Login Tag an Image Push an Image CLI Registry Search Pulling Images Oracle Container Registry Summary Chapter 17: Conclusion Part III: Appendixes Appendix A: Installing Docker Desktop Install Docker Desktop Windows 10 and 11 Set Up Windows Subsystem for Linux Configure and Update Linux Install Docker Desktop Configure Docker Desktop Set WSL Resources Mac (Intel) Configure Resources Mac (Apple Silicon) Docker Desktop and Docker Engine for Linux Terminal Environments Windows Mac Terminal Docker Desktop Features Container Management Container Terminal Container Logs and Statistics Container Statistics Image Management Volume Management Appendix B: Aliases and Functions Aliases Report Containers Extended Container Information Sorted List of Images List Dangling Volumes List Dangling Images Functions Start a Container Shell Inspect Function Index Discover the benefits of running Oracle databases in Linux containers. This book approaches containers from the perspective of database administrators, developers, and systems administrators. It explains the differences between containers and virtual machines and describes why containers deliver greater speed, flexibility, and portability, with lower resource requirements. You’ll learn how running Oracle databases in containers complements existing database infrastructure and accelerates development, and you’ll understand the advantages they offer for test and validation environments. This book teaches you how to begin working with Oracle databases in Docker, covering the steps for preparing and installing software on Windows, Mac, and Linux systems. It describes the steps for deploying Oracle databases, separating data and configurations from database software, and networking and communicating with your containers. It introduces the Docker commands you’ll use for managing containers, including tips and shortcuts to make everyday tasks easier. Databases have unique demands for performance and reliability, and this book addresses those qualities with discussions on protecting, persisting, and distributing data. Other books may overlook these topics and approach containers as disposable commodities in serverless environments or convenient coding platforms. You’ll gain battle-tested insights for customizing and extending your containers to meet different needs. The opening chapters concentrate on the practical steps of running Oracle databases in Docker. Once you’re comfortable with container terminology and methods, you’ll look deeper at the real power behind containers―preparing and building images, and the templates that form the foundation beneath every container. You’ll begin by modifying publicly available image manifests, or Dockerfiles, following multiple examples that add functionality and capabilities to your databases. You’ll discover methods for using run-time options to create flexible and extensible images that adapt to real-world requirements. Within the pages, you’ll see how Oracle and Docker empower you to confidently build and deploy systems. It’s written with databases and database users in mind and delivers practical advice based on the author’s real-world, battle-tested experiences deploying and running Oracle databases in containers since 2014. With Oracle databases in containers, database administrators have the ideal platform for evaluating performance, practicing database upgrades and migrations, validating backup and recovery processes, and hardening environments. Developers will find that the marriage of Oracle and Docker simplifies code and application tests. Docker’s unique ability to isolate data artifacts improves reliability and confidence in test and QA processes. If you’re a database administrator, this book will help you join the container revolution sweeping the industry and making IT professionals more productive than ever! What You Will Learn Recognize when and why to use containers for an Oracle database Understand container terminology and architecture Create and customize Oracle databases in containers Build and extend images and containers for multiple uses Store and persist data beyond the container ecosystem Use popular database tools with databases in containers Explore container networking and connect multiple container databases Manage, monitor, and secure containers Write Dockerfiles to support custom requirements Package and deploy data artifacts that accelerate development, test, and QA activities Who This Book Is For Database administrators, developers, and systems administrators who want to be more productive by running Oracle databases in Linux containers