Optical Metrology : Coherent and Incoherent Optics for Metrology, Sensing and Control in Science, Industry and Biomedicine

Optical Metrology is a rapidly expanding field i'n both its scientific foundations and technological developments, being of major concern to measurements, quality control, non-destructive tes­ ting and in fundamental research. In order to define the state-of-the-art, and to evaluate pre­ sent accomplishments, whilst giving an appraisal of how each of the particular topics will evolve the Optical Metrology-anAdvancedStudy Institute was organized with a concourse of the world's acknowledged experts. Thus, the Institute provided a forum for tutorial reviews blended with topics of current research in the form of a progressive and comprehensive presentation of recent promising developments, lea­ ding techniques and instrumentation in incoherent and coherent optics for Metrology, Sensing and Control in Science, Industry and Biomedici­ ne. Optical Metrology is a very broad field which is highly inter­ disciplinary in its applications, and in its scientific and technolo­ gical background. It is related to such diverse disciplines as physi­ cal and chemical sciences, engineering, electronics, computer scien­ ces, biological sciences and theoretical sciences, such as statistics. Although there was an emphasis on photomechanics and industri­ al applications, a marked diversity was reflected in the different background and interests of the participants. The vitality and viabi­ lity of the discipline was enhanced not only by the encouraging number of young scientists and industrialists participating and authoring, but also by the remarkably promising prospects found in x the practical applications supported by advanced electronic hybridi­ zation. Front Matter....Pages I-XXXI Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Optical Metrology - Some Personal Reflections....Pages 3-10 Front Matter....Pages 11-11 Measurement of Surface Form by Laser Profilometry....Pages 13-19 Three-Dimensional Inspection of Large Objects....Pages 20-23 Laser Dimensional Metrology....Pages 24-58 Distance Sensing Via Spectrographic Coding....Pages 59-65 Front Matter....Pages 67-67 Some Recent Developments in Laser Interferometry....Pages 69-83 Laser Heterodyne Probes....Pages 84-85 Scanning Differential Phase Contrast Optical Microscope Application to Surface Studies and Micro Metrology....Pages 86-87 Laser Velocimetry....Pages 88-100 Velocity Measurements in a Rotating Tank Using an LDV System....Pages 101-109 Sizing of Microscopic Particles by Photon Correlation....Pages 110-129 Front Matter....Pages 131-131 Optical Fourier Transform Construction....Pages 133-146 Optical Metrology of Fish Scales....Pages 147-155 Hybrid Coherent Optical and Electronic Filtering....Pages 156-172 Hybrid Coherent Optical and Electronical Object Recognition....Pages 173-181 Dynamical Digital Memory for Holography, Moiré and E.S.P.I.....Pages 182-198 Automation in manufacturing Intelligent Sensing....Pages 199-220 Front Matter....Pages 221-221 Moire’ Interferometry and its Developments in Strain Analysis....Pages 223-241 Measurements of Fracture Toughness and Integrity by Moire Interferometry....Pages 242-255 Phase-Measuring Moiré Topography....Pages 256-268 Front Matter....Pages 269-269 The Holo-Diagram, Sandwich-Holography and Light-in-Flight Recording....Pages 271-295 Quantitative Interpretation of Time-Average Holograms in Vibration Analysis....Pages 296-316 Matrix Methods in Hologram Interferometry and Speckle Metrology....Pages 317-342 Optical Metrology and Computer Tomography for Measurement of Temperature and Density....Pages 343-364 Unification of FEM with Laser Experimentation....Pages 365-392 Moiré Evaluation with Fringe Patterns of Interferograms, Holograms, Moirégrams and Specklegrams....Pages 393-425 Electronic Processing for Holographic Interferometry....Pages 426-440 Holography in Medicine and Biology - State of the Art and the Problem of Increasing Militarization....Pages 441-458 Holographic Cinematography with the Help of a Pulse Yag Laser....Pages 459-466 Phase Conjugation Metrology....Pages 467-480 Holographic Metrology and Nondestructive Testing - Past and Future....Pages 481-496 Front Matter....Pages 497-497 Speckle Metrology....Pages 499-512 Recent Developments on Speckle Pattern Correlation by Photographical Means....Pages 513-519 Heterodyne Speckle Photogrammetry....Pages 520-530 Measuring Microvibrations by Heterodyne Speckle Interferometry....Pages 531-541 Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry....Pages 542-572 Convective Mass Transfer Coefficient Measurement by Holographic and Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry....Pages 573-586 Improvements on Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry....Pages 587-605 Speckle Reduction in Four-Wave Mixing Imaging with A Bi 12 Si O 20 Crystal....Pages 606-611 Front Matter....Pages 613-613 Single-Mode Fiber Optical Sensors....Pages 615-629 Front Matter....Pages 613-613 Design of a Fiber Optic Hydrophone....Pages 630-640 Fiber Optic Sensors as Dosimeters for Ionizing Radiation....Pages 641-646 Front Matter....Pages 647-647 Picosecond Metrology....Pages 649-671 Optical SOLITONS: a short presentation....Pages 672-674 Front Matter....Pages 675-675 Photoelasticity....Pages 677-723 Non-Destructive 3D Photoelasticity....Pages 724-747 Front Matter....Pages 749-749 Optical Metrology at Loughborough University....Pages 751-758 Front Matter....Pages 759-759 Conclusions and Future Events....Pages 761-766 Remark: Holography and Relativity....Pages 767-770 Back Matter....Pages 771-782 Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute held in Viana do Castelo, Portugal, July 16-27, 1984