On the Artistic Representation of Industrial Disputes in the Shadow of Repression in European Art : From 1870 to 1914 and Beyond

This book is the first volume on the artistic representation of industrial disputes in European art (from 1870 to 1914) since the catalogue of the landmark exhibition Streik, Realität und Mythos, organized by the Deutsches Historisches Museum (1992). It has been written by a group of scholars who share a keen interest in social history and the history of art, as well as in-depth knowledge of industrial relations and collective labour law. Seeking to transcend a purely western European perspective, the book offers unprecedented insights into artistic production in Poland and Hungary from the 19th century to the communist era. It even goes beyond the European continent, examining the United States and Mexico. The media explored include painting, sculpture, the graphic arts and photography. Further, the book deals with artists great (Carlo Carrà, Walter Crane, James Ensor, Juan Gris, Käthe Kollwitz, Constantin Meunier,Mihály Munkácsy, Théophile-Alexandre Steinlen and Jan Toorop) and small, sometimes even anonymous. The artistic styles range from (social) realism, naturalism and neo-impressionism to futurism and socialist realism. All stages of industrial disputes (from the causes of strikes to their violent suppression) are subjected to iconographical and iconological analysis, combined with perspectives from visual studies, critical art and gender studies. Agricultural workers, miners, construction workers and textile workers fill the scenes. Most of them are subordinate workers; others are (bogus) independent workers and migrant workers. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to (art) historians, labour law scholars, and specialists in industrial relations. Foreword Contents Introduction References Some Perspectives on the Representation of Industrial Disputes Under the Shadow of Repression in European Art (1870-1914) 1 Introduction 2 Iconological Observations 2.1 Causes of Strike 2.2 Social Dialogue Avant la Lettre 2.3 Deliberating on Strike 2.4 Representing People on Strike 2.5 Consequences of Strikes 2.5.1 The Issue of Repression 2.5.2 People Willing to Work, But. Unable to Do So 3 Concluding Transversal Observations 3.1 Identifying the Branch 3.2 Painters of Strikes, Peintres Engagés? 3.3 Paintings About Strikes: On White Elephants 3.4 A Gender Perspective References Early Stages of Collective Action and Their Visual Representations: An Emotions Driven Approach to the Struggle for Better Wor... 1 Introduction 2 Pain & Despair 2.1 Göschenen 2.2 Lattimer 2.3 Ludlow 2.4 Göschenen, Lattimer, Ludlow 3 Rage & Anger 3.1 Chicago 3.2 Milan - Buggerru - Milan 3.3 Lawrence 3.4 Cananea and Río Blanco 4 Strength & Hope 5 Conclusion References The Midinette Guiding the People. An Iconographic Break of the Assiette au Beurre 1 L ́Assiette Au Beurre as the Melting Pot of a Social, Iconographic and Even Pictorial Avant-Garde 1.1 A Publication Inscribed in the Field of Satirical Magazines 1.2 Designers Between Aesthetic and Social Avant-Gardism 1.3 The Strike in l ́Assiette 2 The Midinettes on Strike 2.1 The Midinette as an Institution and Icon of Parisian Couture 2.2 1910, the First Strike of the Midinettes? 2.3 The Strike of the Summer of 1910 3 The Midinettes in l ́Assiette 3.1 The Triumph of the Midinette 3.2 The Insurgent Midinette, in the Wake of Delacroix 3.3 A Chronicle of the Strike 4 Conclusion References Labour and Art: The Dualism of Backwardness and Timeliness in Hungary and in Its Eastern Neighbourhood 1 Introduction 1.1 Temporal, Geographic and Material Dimensions 1.2 Dualism in Sovereignty, in Economy and in Arts: The Triple Framework for the Subject 2 Prelude of Industrial Actions: The Presentation of Rural Workers ́ Life 2.1 Romanticism and Realism Meeting in the Representation of Rural Life 2.2 The Changing View of Peasant People ́s Life 2.3 Opening Eyes to the Darker Side of Rural Reality of Labour Life 2.4 Looking East from Hungary 2.5 Labour Movements Starting in the Peasant World: Stepping and Stopping Yet 3 Evolving Representation of Industrial Action 3.1 Francois Coppée, a Wellspring of Strike Representation in Hungarian Art 3.2 Mihly Munkcsy: The Strike: The Peak of 19th Century Strike Representation 3.3 Activation: Images of Agitators 4 Major Actions and Consequences 4.1 The 1907 Peasant Revolt in Romania (Moldova) 4.2 June 1, 1930: Budapest Demonstration with Tragic Outcome 4.3 Grivia, 1933 (Romania) 5 The Position and Actions of Workers During the ``Rule of the Proletariat ́ ́: Two Periods of Hungarian History 5.1 The Uprise of Poster-Art During the 1919 Hungarian Republic of Councils 5.2 The State of Workers Under the ``Workers ́ State ́ ́: Sovietization and Socialist Realism 5.3 Socialist Realism: Downgraded to ``Socreal ́ ́ 6 Group and Symbols: Essential Elements of the Subject 6.1 Group 6.2 Symbols 7 Conclusion References From 1844 to 1944: Workers and Revolutions in Poland 1 Polish Industrial Revolution 2 Käthe Kollwitz, The Weavers ́ Revolt 3 The Revolution 1905 and The Strike by Stanisław Lentz 4 After the WWII. Wojciech Weiss: The Manifesto 5 Epilogue References Conclusions Reference