Oil spill response : a global perspective : proceedings of the NATO CCMS Workshop on Oil Spill Response, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada, October 11-13, 2006

International experts in the field of oil spill response, including reprsentatives from 26 NATO countries, participated in a workshop in Canada to discuss their experience in the development and application of current and emerging technologies for oil spill response in the marine environment. These presentations which form the basis of chapters in this book provide a practical viewpoint of methods used to deal with oil spills under the variety of environmental conditions found in the marine environment. In particular, focus is given to the evaluation of oil spill countermeasures for use under arctic conditions in light of anticipated regional increases in marine traffic (e.g. Northwest Passage) and industrial activities (e.g. offshore oil and gas exploration) in the future. This book provides a timely international perspective on applied research and development, technology transfer, and “lessons learned” from field trials and actual case studies associated with recent spill events. Topics include Preparedness/Contingency Planning, (Eco-terrorism); Oil Spill Fate and Transport (Environmental Persistence, Remote Sensing, modelling, Biodegradation), Biological Effects (Environmental Effects Monitoring and Environmental Risk Assessment); and Operational Response (Containment/Recovery Treating Agents, Shoreline Cleanup, In-situ Burning, Emerging Response Strategies). This book provides a synopsis as to the methods currently employed to deals with spills and an insight on future technologies under development. Front Matter....Pages i-xix Oil Spill Response and the Challenges of Arctic Marine Shipping: An Assessment by the Arctic Council....Pages 3-3 Oil Spills in the Arctic: A Review of Three Decades of Research at Environment Canada....Pages 5-6 Oil Under Ice Detection: What is the State-of-the-Art?....Pages 7-19 Practical and Effective Technologies for Oil Spill Recovery Operations in Arctic Conditions....Pages 21-21 In-Situ Burning for Oil Spills in Arctic Waters: State-of-the-Art and Future Research Needs....Pages 23-39 Recent Mid-Scale Research on Using Oil Herding Surfactants to Thicken Oil Slicks in Pack Ice for In-Situ Burning....Pages 41-62 Weathering of Oil Spills Under Arctic Conditions: Field Experiments with Different Ice Conditions Followed by In-Situ Burning....Pages 63-64 Dispersant Effectiveness Experiments Conducted on Alaskan Crude Oils in Very Cold Water at the Ohmsett Facility....Pages 65-65 Enhanced Chemical Dispersion Using the Propeller Wash from Response Vessels....Pages 67-67 Evaluation of Arctic In-Situ Oil Spill Response Countermeasures....Pages 69-69 Oma Formation in Ice-Covered Brackish Waters: Large-Scale Experiments....Pages 71-88 Joint Industry Program on Oil Spill in Arctic and Ice Infested Waters: An Overview....Pages 89-89 Countermeasures for the Beaufort Transition Season....Pages 91-109 New Oil Containment Technology: For Fast and Narrow Waters....Pages 113-113 Viscous Oil Pumping Technology and Annular Water Lubrication Techniques....Pages 115-115 Development of a Strategy for Offshore Use of Dispersants in Norwegian Waters....Pages 117-118 French Sea Trials on Chemical Dispersion: DEPOL 04 & 05....Pages 119-140 Dispersant Research in a Specialized Wave Tank: Mimicking the Mixing Energy of Natural Sea States....Pages 141-142 Wave Tank Studies on Chemical Dispersant Effectiveness: Dispersed Oil Droplet Size Distribution....Pages 143-157 Wave Tank Studies on Formation and Transport of OMA from the Chemically Dispersed Oil....Pages 159-177 Optimal Nutrient Application Strategies for the Bioremediation of Tidally-Influenced Beaches....Pages 181-182 Benthos Community Monitoring of A Dumping Area During Liquid Natural Gas Plant Construction....Pages 183-189 Oil Fingerprinting and Spill Source Identification....Pages 191-192 What Compounds in Crude Oil Cause Chronic Toxicity to Larval Fish?....Pages 193-194 Potential Impacts of an Orimulsion Spill on Marine (Atlantic Herring; Clupea harengus ) and Estuarine (Mummichog; Fundulus heteroclitus ) Fish Species in Atlantic Canada....Pages 195-196 Effectiveness of Dispersants for Coastal Habitat Protection as a Function of Types of Oil and Dispersant....Pages 197-197 How Clean is Clean?: Development of Monitoring Methods to Determine Environmental and Socially Acceptable End-Points of Clean-Up....Pages 199-199 Microbial and Abiotic Removal of Ydrocarbon Components in Oil Tanker Ballast Water Processed by the Alyeska Ballast Water Treatment Facility in Port Valdez, Alaska....Pages 203-204 Oil Spill Drift and Fate Model....Pages 205-220 Modelling of Oil Droplet Kinetics Under Breaking Waves....Pages 221-236 The Necessity of Applying Sar Imagery to Oil Spill Modeling in Cases of Data Obfuscation....Pages 237-256 Prevention of Oil Spills Caused by Premeditated Negative Influence....Pages 259-259 Spillview: A Support to Decision-Making Software in Emergency Response to Marine Oil Spill....Pages 261-270 Accidental Marine Pollution in Belgium: The Emergence of Response Strategies....Pages 271-287 Dimensioning of Norwegian Oil Spill Preparedness: Focusing on the Arctic North Norway and the Barents Sea....Pages 289-289 Regional Citizens’ Advisory Councils: Ensuring Safe Transport of Crude Oil in Alaska....Pages 291-292 The Role of the Regional Environmental Emergencies Team (REET) in Emergency Response in the Atlantic Region of Canada....Pages 293-293 Minimizing Environmental Impact of Oil Spills: Statoil’S R&D Position and Priorities....Pages 295-296 Modeling Impacts and Tradeoffs of Dispersant Use on Oil Spills....Pages 297-320 Development of Operational Ocean Forecasting Systems and Impact on Oil Plume Drift Calculations....Pages 321-322 Emergency Prevention, Preparedness and Response Working Group of the Arctic Council: Recent Marine Environmental Initiatives in the Arctic Council....Pages 323-325 The Eastern Mediterranean-Black Sea System with High Oil Spill Risk....Pages 327-340 UK: Recent Counter Pollution R&D Activities....Pages 341-341 Ice Overview for the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the St. Lawrence River....Pages 343-343 Back Matter....Pages 345-365