OECD Skills Strategy 2019 Skills to Shape a Better Future: Skills to Shape a Better Future

The OECD Skills Strategy provides a strategic and comprehensive approach for ensuring that people and countries have the skills to thrive in a complex, interconnected and rapidly changing world. The updated 2019 OECD Skills Strategy takes account of the lessons learned from applying the original skills strategy in 11 countries since 2012, while also incorporating new OECD evidence about the skills implications of megatrends, such as globalisation, digitalisation, population ageing, and migration. The Strategy also incorporates new learning from across the OECD about skills policies that work in these three broad components: developing relevant skills over the life course, using skills effectively in work and society, and strengthening the governance of skills systems Foreword Acknowledgements Abbreviations and acronyms Executive summary Key findings Facts and figures Policies to improve co-ordination of initial and long-term response Employment Education Health Housing Specific factors of vulnerability Solutions in countries of first asylum and origin countries Improving preparedness Introduction: Why should we care about integrating refugees and other vulnerable migrants? Chapter 1. Recent trends regarding inflows of refugees and other vulnerable migrants What do we know about recent trends regarding refugees and other vulnerable migrants? What is the expected economic impact of the recent inflows of refugees and other vulnerable migrants? What has been the multilateral response to the recent surge in inflows of refugees and other vulnerable migrants? Note References Chapter 2. Integration of refugees and other vulnerable migrants What do we know about the integration of refugees and other vulnerable migrants? What do we know about the well-being of refugees and other vulnerable migrants? What do we know about the skills of refugees and other vulnerable migrants? What is hindering the labour market integration of refugees and other vulnerable migrants? What do we know about integration into the school system of refugees and other vulnerable migrant group children? What are the challenges related to housing for refugees and other vulnerable migrants? What are the challenges related to the health of refugees and other vulnerable migrants? What challenges do unaccompanied minors face? What specific challenges do refugee women face? How do very low-skilled refugees and other vulnerable migrants fare in terms of integration? How can multilevel governance contribute to successful integration in host countries? Can entrepreneurship facilitate integration of refugees and other vulnerable migrants? What can be done to engage employers to hire refugees and other vulnerable migrants? How can the contribution of civil society be fully harnessed in integrating refugees and other vulnerable migrants? What is the impact of channels of entry on the integration of refugees and other vulnerable migrants? How can first asylum, transit and destination countries be supported in integrating refugees and other vulnerable migrants in host communities? What have we learned about reintegration in the home country of former refugees and other vulnerable migrants? References Chapter 3. Anticipating, monitoring and reacting to inflows of refugees and other vulnerable migrants Can early warning mechanisms help prevent a crisis in the face of future large-scale inflows? What information needs to be improved to better monitor integration outcomes and inform integration policy? References Chapter 4. Policy approaches for the integration of refugees and other vulnerable migrants Smoothing the transition from reception to integration Improving short- and longer-term employability and access to social services Promoting economic and social acceptance Supporting sub-national authorities Increasing international co-operation on crisis management and integration References This report looks at ways to improve the resilience of systems to deal with the unexpected arrival of large inflows of refugees and other vulnerable migrants. It begins with an overview of the recent flows of migrants seeking protection, discusses the expected economic impact of these flows, and notes what has been an unprecedented multilateral response. It then examines the process of integrating refugees and other vulnerable migrants, in terms of their economic and social outcomes, as well as specific factors of vulnerability. It also provides a comprehensive assessment of the transition policies in place to support their livelihood in destination and transit countries, as well as in origin countries upon return. Finally, the report tackles issues of anticipation, monitoring and reacting, examining the role of early warning mechanisms and the challenge of improving information so as to better monitor integration outcomes and frame policies