Nuts and Seeds in Health and Disease Prevention

__Nuts and Seeds in Health and Disease Prevention, Second Edition__ investigates the benefits of nuts and seeds in health and disease prevention using an organizational style that will provide easy-access to information that supports identifying treatment options and the development of symptom-specific functional foods. This book examines seeds and nuts as agents that affect metabolism and other health-related conditions and explores the impact of compositional differences between various seeds and nuts, including differences based on country of origin and processing technique. Finally, the book includes methods for the analysis of seed and nut-related compounds. Written for nutrition researchers, nutritionists, food scientists, government regulators of food, and students of agriculture, oils and feeds, nutrition and life sciences, this book is sure to be a welcomed resource. Cover Nuts and Seeds in Health and Disease Prevention Copyright Contributors Preface Acknowledgments Sec 1 1 - Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) Seed and Its Fat Introduction Botanical Descriptions Historical Cultivation and Usage Present-Day Cultivation and Usage Applications in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Nephelium lappaceum Seed Fat (RSF) Characteristics, Potential Food, and Therapeutic Uses RSF Physical and Chemical Properties RSF Phase Behavior RSF and Its Potential Food Uses for Health Promotion Adverse Effects and Reactions, Allergies, and Toxicity Summary Points References 2 - Soursop Seed: Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Seed, Therapeutic, and Possible Food Potential Introduction Botanical Descriptions Historical Cultivation and Usage Present-day Cultivation and Usage Applications in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Annona muricata L. Seed and Its Therapeutic Potential Annona muricata Seed and Its Possible Potential for Food Use Adverse Effects and Reactions, Allergies, and Toxicity Summary Points References 3 - Red Horse-Chestnut Seeds of Aesculus × Carnea: A New Way for Health and Food Design? Introduction Botanical Descriptions Historical Cultivation and Usage Present-Day Cultivation and Usage Red Horse-Chestnuts: Chemical Composition and Characterization Proximate Analysis Lipids Analysis Glucides Analysis Scanning Electron Microscopy Applications to Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Adverse Effects and Reactions (Allergies and Toxicity) Summary Points Acknowledgments References 4 - The African Breadfruit (Treculia africana) Decne Plant Seed: A Potential Source of Essential Food and Medicinal Phytoconsti ... Introduction Botanical Description, Cultivation, and Usage Fruit Processing and Seed Production Nutritional Value and Food Uses of Treculia africana Seed Antinutritional Compositions of African Breadfruit Seed Applications to Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Future Perspectives Acknowledgments References 5 - Perennial Horse Gram (Macrotyloma axillare) Seeds: Biotechnology Applications of Its Peptide and Protein Content – Bowman–B ... Introduction Botanical Description Historical Cultivation and Usage Present-Day Cultivation and Usage Applications to Health Promotion and Disease Prevention – Biotechnology Applications of the Protein Seed Content Macrotyloma axillare Seed Lectin (MaL) The Bowman–Birk Inhibitors from M. axillare – Biochemistry and Particularities of BBI Main Biological Activities Related to Bowman–Birk Inhibitors Bowman–Birk Inhibitors from Macrotyloma axillare and Its Anticarcinogenic Effect on Colorectal Cancer Macrotyloma axillare Seed Germination and Bowman–Birk Inhibitors Adverse Effects and Reactions – Toxicity of Macrotyloma axillare Summary Points References 6 - Biological Properties of a Partially Purified Component of Neem Oil: An Updated and Revised Work Introduction State of the Art in Our Laboratory at the First Edition of the Book Neem Products: an Update References 7 - Bioactive Compounds of Oregano Seeds Introduction Botanical Description Historical Cultivation and Use Current Cultivation and Use Applications for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Adverse Effects and Reactions, Allergies, and Toxicity Summary Points References 8 - Mango Seed: Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Seed and Its Fats Introduction Botanical Description Historical Cultivation and Usage Present-Day Cultivation and Usage Applications to Health Promotion and Disease Prevention The Chemical Composition and Lipids of the Mango Seed Kernel Mango Kernel Fat Composition Mango Kernel Fat Thermal Behavior and Polymorphism Current Situation and Direction on Mango Kernel Fat Researches Adverse Effects and Reactions, Allergies, and Toxicity Summary Points References Sec 2 9 - Biological Functions of Soyasaponins: The Potential Use to Improve Zinc Nutrition Introduction Zinc Nutrition and Health Zinc Absorption in the Small Intestine and Zinc Transporter, ZIP4 Soybean Soyasaponin Bb Increases ZIP4 Abundance at the Apical Membrane Conclusion Acknowledgment References 10 - Purple Wheat (Triticum sp.) Seeds: Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Properties Introduction Botanical Description Historical Cultivation of Purple Wheat Phenolic Compounds in Purple Wheat Seeds Chemical Nature of Phenolic Compounds Identified in Purple Wheat Extraction of Phenolic Compounds Methods of Analyses for Phenolic Contents and Phenolic Composition of Purple Wheat Seeds Analysis of Total Phenolic Content Analysis of Total Anthocyanins Content Analysis of Total Flavonoids Content Analysis of Total Condensed Tannins Content Analysis of Constituent Phenolic Compounds Total Phenolic Content and Phenolic Acid Composition Total Phenolic Content Phenolic Acid Composition Total Anthocyanin Content and Anthocyanin Composition Total Flavonoid Content and Proanthocyanidin Composition Processing and Utilization of Purple Wheat Applications to Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Brief Overview of Oxidative Stress and the Role of Exogenous Sources of Antioxidants Antioxidant Properties of Purple Wheat Extracts Adverse Effects and Reactions (Allergies and Toxicity) Summary Points and Future Perspectives References 11 - Protective Role of Nigella sativa and Thymoquinone in Oxidative Stress: A Review Introduction Free Radicals and Antioxidant Defense Chemical Constituents Traditional Medicine Pharmacological Properties In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Nigella sativa In vivo Antioxidant Activity of Nigella sativa Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity Aging Arthritis Carcinogenes Cardiotoxicity Chemotherapeutic Agent Diabetes Mellitus Encephalomyelitis Ethanol Toxicity Fatty Liver Haematotoxicity HCV-Related Fibrosis Hypercholesterolemia Ischemic/Reperfusion Injury Morphine-Induced Oxidative Stress Nephrotoxicity Neurotoxicity Plasmodium yoelii Infection Radiotherapy Schistosomiasis Seizure Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Ulcerative Colitis Conclusion References 12 - Black Soybean Seed: Black Soybean Seed Antioxidant Capacity Introduction History, cultivation, and use Anthocyanin Antioxidant activity of black soybeans and black soybean–based food products Health-promoting and disease-preventing effects of black soybean seed Atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease Obesity and diabetes Inflammation and cancer Summary Points References 13. - Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum) Seeds in Health and Nutrition Introduction Scientific Classification Morphology of Seed Earlier Cultivation of Fenugreek Seed Current Cultivation Phytochemical Constituents Therapeutic Potential of Fenugreekenugreek Seed Treatment of Diabetes In Cancer Therapy Fenugreek As Antioxidant Fenugreek Results in Cholesterol Anthelmintic Fenugreek in Bactericide Activity Fenugreek in Obesity Fenugreek in Gastroprotection Fenugreek’s Influence on Digestion Fenugreek in Inflammation Fenugreek in Cardiovascular Disease Adverse Effects Conclusion References 14 - Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) Seeds in Health and Nutrition Introduction Botanical Description Vernacular Names Taxonomical Classification Historical Cultivation and Usage Present-Day Cultivation and Usage Nutritional Characterization of Tamarind Seeds Phytochemicals Composition of Tamarind Seed Biological Activities Tamarind Seed Polysaccharide: a Promising Natural Excipient for Pharmaceuticals Possible Adverse Effects and Reaction(s) Summary of Key Point(s) References 15 - Sesame Seed in Controlling Human Health and Nutrition Introduction Plant Profile Vernacular Names Geographical Distribution Morphology Chemical Composition Lipids Content Fatty Acid Composition Endogenous Antioxidants Proteins Carbohydrates Minerals Pharmacological Applications Wound Healing Activity Hepatoprotective Activity Effects of Pinoresinol on Memory Synaptic Plasticity Effect of Sesame Oil and Sesamol on Heavy Metal Toxicity Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Atherosclerosis Effect on Serum Cholesterol and in Hypercholesterolemia Effects on Plasma Tocopherol Levels Antioxidant and Anticancer Effect of Sesamol Anticancer Effect of Sesamin Antihypertensive Effect of Sesamin Antihypertensive Effect of Sesame Oil Metabolism of Sesamin Effect of Sesame Oil during Endotoxemia Sesame Oil Protects Against Lead-Plus-Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Hepatic Injury Effect of Sesame Oil on Human Colon Cancer Antiaging Effect of Sesamol Modulating Effect of Sesamin Allergy to Sesame in Humans Conclusions References 16 - Kancolla Seeds: High Nutritional Foods With Nutraceutical Properties Introduction Nutritional Values of Kancolla Seeds Proximate Composition Amino Acid Composition Dietary Fiber Analysis Total Carotenoid Content Total Ascorbic Acid Content Anion Analysis Oxalates Nitrates Phosphates Mineral Analysis Free Sugar Analysis Phytochemical Composition of Kancolla Seeds Phytoecdysteroids in Kancolla Seeds Triterpenoid Saponins Glycine Betaine, Trigonelline, and Trigonelline Metabolites in Kancolla Seeds Quaternary Pyridinium Salts in Kancolla Seeds Polyphenols in Kancolla Seeds The Antioxidant Activity of Kancolla Seeds Before and After Boiling References 17 - Health-promoting Potential and Nutritional Value of Madhuca longifolia Seeds Introduction Botanical Description and Cultivation Composition of M. longifolia Seeds and Seed Cake M. longifolia Butter Content and Composition Applications of M. longifolia Butter Applications of M. longifolia Seeds in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Antidiabetic and Antihyperglycemic Anti-inflammatory Anti-ulcer Activity Antifertility Activity Adverse Effects (Allergies and Toxicity) Conclusion References Sec 3 18 - Ginkgo biloba Seeds: Antifungal and Lipid Transfer Proteins from Ginkgo biloba Nuts Introduction Lipid Transfer Proteins Antifungal Proteins Outlook References 19 - Mycotoxins in Nuts and Seeds Introduction Natural Occurrence Effect of Heat Processing Toxicological Effects in Humans Summary Points Acknowledgments References Sec 4 20 - Lepidium sativum Seeds: Therapeutic Significance and Health-Promoting Potential Introduction Botanical Description and Cultivation Chemical Composition of Lepidium sativum Seeds Amino Acids Profile Seed Oil Composition Edible Applications of Lepidium sativum Applications of Lepidium sativum to Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Application As An Excipient in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form Application As Suspending Agent Application As Superdisintegrant Application in Controlled Release System Therapeutic Applications Antioxidant Activity Antimicrobial Potential Antidiabetic and Hypoglycemic Properties Anti-inflammation Activity Antidiarrheal, Antihypertensive, and Diuretic Activities Prokinetic and Laxative Activities As Galactogogue and Emmenagogue As Hematic Agent Antiasthmatic and Estrogenic Activities Anticancer Activities Treatment of Fracture Healing Adverse Effects (Allergies and Toxicity) Conclusions References 21 - The Effects of Nuts on Metabolic Diseases and Disorders Introduction Fats Macrominerals and Micromineral Phenolic Compounds Discussion References 22 - Tea (Camellia oleifera) Seeds: Use of Tea Seeds in Human Health Introduction Botanical Description Historical Cultivation and Usage Present-day Cultivation and Usage Applications to Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Adverse Effects and Reactions (Allergies and Toxicity) Summary Points References 23 - Effect of Nigella sativa on Blood Diseases: A Review Introduction Effect of Nigella sativa on Hematological Parameters Induction of Anemia by Chemical Compounds 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Cadmium Chloramphenicol Dichlorvos Cisplatin Streptozotocin Carbon Tetrachloride Lead Acetate Diethylnitrosamine Phenylhydrazine Effect of Nigella sativa and Thymoquinone on Platelet Aggregation Effect of Nigella sativa on Coagulation Parameters Clinical Studies Effect of Nigella sativa Seeds and Total Oil in Healthy Women Effect of Nigella sativa Oil on Lipid Profile in Healthy Volunteers Effect of Nigella sativa Oil in Obese Women Administration of Nigella sativa in Diabetic Type 2 Patients Effect of Nigella sativa on Sickle Cells in vitro Effect of Nigella sativa on Allergic Patients Effects of Nigella sativa on Hepatitis C in Egypt Nigella sativa in Bone Turnover Conclusion References 24 - Dermatological Effects of Nigella sativa and Its Constituent, Thymoquinone: A Review Introduction Methods Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Properties of Nigella sativa and Its Constituent, TQ, Used to Treat Skin Ailments In vitro and in Vivo Preclinical Studies Clinical Studies Anticancer In vitro Studies In vivo Studies Wound Healing Effects In vivo Studies In vitro Studies Antimicrobial Properties Against Skin Relevant Pathogens Antibacterial In vitro Studies In vivo Studies Antifungal Effects Antiparasitic Properties Preclinical in Vitro Studies Preclinical in Vivo Studies Clinical Study Antiviral Effects Effective in Vitiligo Skin disease Cosmeceutical Applications Conclusion References 25 - Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) Seeds in Health Introduction Botanical Descriptions Historical Cultivation and Usage Present-Day Cultivation and Usage Applications to Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Adverse Effects and Reactions (Allergies and Toxicity) Summary Points References 26 - Potential Role of Seeds From India in Diabetes Introduction Seeds from Medicinal Plants and Their Role in Diabetes Abelmoschus moschatus Geographical Source Phytochemistry Abelmoschus moschatus and Diabetes Abutilon indicum Geographical Source Phytochemistry Traditional Uses Abutilon indicum and Diabetes Toxicity Studies Achyranthes aspera Linn. Geographical Source Phytochemistry Traditional Uses Achyranthes aspera and Diabetes Adenanthera pavonina Geographical Source Phytochemistry Traditional Uses Adenanthera pavonina and Diabetes Toxicity Studies Annona muricata Linn. Geographical Source Phytochemistry Traditional Uses Annona muricata Linn. and Diabetes Azadirachta indica A. Juss Geographical Source Phytochemistry Traditional Uses Azadirachta indica A. Juss and Diabetes Toxicity Studies Carica papaya Linn. Geographical Source Phytochemistry Traditional Uses Carica papaya Linn. and Diabetes Toxicity Studies Celosia argentea Geographical Source Phytochemistry Traditional Uses Celosia argentea and Diabetes Cicer arietinum Linn. Geographical Source Phytochemistry Traditional Uses Cicer arietinum Linn. and Diabetes Toxicity Studies Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Taub Geographical Source Phytochemistry Traditional Uses Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Taub and Diabetes Toxicity Studies Euryale ferox Salisb. Geographical Source Phytochemistry Traditional Uses Euryale ferox Salisb. and Diabetes Strychnos potatorum Linn. Geographical Source Phytochemistry Traditional Uses Strychnos potatorum Linn. and Diabetes Toxicity Studies Syzygium cumini Skeels Geographical Source Phytochemistry Traditional Uses Syzygium cumini Skeels and Diabetes Toxicity Studies Tamarindus indica Linn. Geographical Source Phytochemistry Traditional Uses Tamarindus indica Linn. and Diabetes Trigonella foenum-Graecum Linn. Geographical Source Phytochemistry Traditional Uses Trigonella foenum-Graecum Linn. and Diabetes Toxicity Studies Conclusion References 27 - Lupine Seeds (Lupinus spp.): History of Use, Use as An Antihyperglycemic Medicinal, and Use as a Food Plant Introduction Botanical Description Historical Medicinal Use Current Medicinal Applications Type 2 Diabetes Fiber Alkaloids DPP-IV Inhibitors Conglutins Hyperlipidemia Hypertension Adverse Effects Summary Points References 28 - Cancer Chemopreventive Potential of Seed Proteins and Peptides Introduction Chemopreventive Effects of Seeds Chemopreventive Role of Bioactive Proteins and Peptides Protease Inhibitors Lectins Lunasin Protein Hydrolysates/Peptides Future Prospects Acknowledgments References 29 - Use of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) Seeds in Human Therapeutics Introduction Botanical Description Historical Cultivation and Usage Present-Day Cultivation and Usage Applications to Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Adverse Effects and Reactions, Allergies, and Toxicity Summary Points References 30 - Milk Thistle Seeds in Health Introduction Botanical Descriptions Historical Cultivation and Usage Present-day Cultivation and Usage Applications to Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Summary Points References Sec 5 31 - Nut Consumption and Noncommunicable Diseases: Evidence From Epidemiological Studies Introduction Nuts and Metabolic Disorders Body Weight, Waist Circumference, and Obesity Glycemia, Insulinemia, and Type 2 Diabetes Blood Lipids and Dyslipidemia Blood Pressure and Hypertension Nuts and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Nuts and Cancer Risk Nuts and Affective Disorders Nuts and Cognitive Disorders Conclusions References 32 - Beneficial Effects of Nuts From India in Cardiovascular Disorders Introduction Cardiovascular Disorder Almond Origin Morphology Cultivation Nutritional Value Phytochemistry Almond and Cardiovascular Diseases Cashews Origin Morphology Cultivation Nutritional Value Phytochemistry Cashew Nuts and Cardiovascular Diseases Walnut Origin Morphology Cultivation Nutritional Value Phytochemistry Walnut and Cardiovascular Diseases Pistachios Origin Morphology Cultivation Nutritional Value Phytochemistry Pistachios and Cardiovascular Diseases Peanuts Origin Morphology Cultivation Nutritional Value Phytochemistry Peanuts and Cardiovascular Diseases Conclusion References 33 - Seeds as Herbal Drugs Introduction Medicinal Constituents of Seeds Factors Influencing Medicinal Properties of Seeds Seeds as Source of Medicinally Important Fixed Oils Seeds as Herbal Drugs and Source of Medicinally Active Compounds Summary Points References 34 - Therapeutic Importance of Caster Seed Oil Introduction Castor Oil Is Unique Among all Fats and Oils Castor Oil and Its Chemistry Soaps, Waxes, and Greases Pharmacological and Medicinal Use Other Health Benefits of Castor Oil Boosts Immunity Increases Circulation Skin Care Increases Libido Induces Labor Treats Fungal Infections Eases Constipation Treats Rheumatic Arthritis Hair Care Treats Back Pain Helps in Birth Control Relieves Menstrual Disorders Stimulates Lactation Eye Care Other Benefits Uses Side Effects of Castor Oil Other Side Effects: References 35 - Coriandrum sativum L.: Characterization, Biological Activities, and Applications Coriander Plant Coriander Oil and Extracts Extraction Methods Coriander Essential Oil Composition and Analysis Factors Affecting Essential Oil Yield and Composition Coriander Essential Oil Toxicological Data Coriander Biological Activities Coriander Antimicrobial Activity Mode of Action Uses of Coriander Oil and Extracts Food Industry Other Applications Concluding Remarks References 36 - Proteinase Inhibitors From Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Seeds Introduction Botanical Descriptions History of Cultivation and Usage Present-day Cultivation and Usage Applications to Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Adverse Effects and Reactions (Allergies and Toxicity) Summary Points Acknowledgments References 37 - Pumpkin Seeds: Phenolic Acids in Pumpkin Seed (Cucurbita pepo L.) Introduction Historical Cultivation and Usage Present-Day Cultivation and Usage Applications to Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Adverse Effects and Reactions (Allergies and Toxicity) Summary Points References 38 - Big Leaf Mahogany Seeds: Swietenia macrophylla Seeds Offer Possible Phytotherapeutic Intervention Against Diabetic Pathophy ... Introduction Description and Distribution Ethnomedicinal Significance of Swietenia macrophylla Seeds Swietenia macrophylla Seeds as a Potential Phytotherapeutic Agent Against Diabetes Swietenia macrophylla Seeds Against Ailments Contribute in the Diabetic Pathogenesis Toxicities and Contraindications of Swietenia macrophylla Seeds Phytochemicals in Swietenia macrophylla Seeds Antidiabetic Phytochemicals in Swietenia macrophylla Seeds Metabolites in Swietenia macrophylla Seeds Against Pathogenesis Contribute in the Complications Predicted Molecular Interactions of Swietenine with Signal Proteins and Detection of Drug-likeness Molecular Docking In silico ADMET Prediction Conclusion References Index A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Z Back Cover Nuts and Seeds in Health and Disease Prevention, Second Edition investigates the benefits of nuts and seeds in health and disease prevention using an organizational style that will provide easy-access to information that supports identifying treatment options and the development of symptom-specific functional foods. This book examines seeds and nuts as agents that affect metabolism and other health-related conditions and explores the impact of compositional differences between various seeds and nuts, including differences based on country of origin and processing technique. Finally, the book includes methods for the analysis of seed and nut-related compounds. Written for nutrition researchers, nutritionists, food scientists, government regulators of food, and students of agriculture, oils and feeds, nutrition and life sciences, this book is sure to be a welcomed resource. Identifies options and opportunities for improving health through the consumption of nut and seed products Provides easy access to information that supports the identification of treatment options Contains insights into health benefits that will assist in development of symptom-specific functional foods Examines seeds and nuts as agents that affect metabolism and other health-related conditions Explores the impact of compositional differences between various seeds and nuts, including differences based on country of origin and processing technique Includes methods for analysis of seed and nut-related compound "Nuts and Seeds in Health and Disease Prevention, Second Edition investigates the benefits of nuts and seeds in health and disease prevention using an organizational style that will provide easy-access to information that supports identifying treatment options and the development of symptom-specific functional foods. This book examines seeds and nuts as agents that affect metabolism and other health-related conditions and explores the impact of compositional differences between various seeds and nuts, including differences based on country of origin and processing technique. Finally, the book includes methods for the analysis of seed and nut-related compounds"-- Provided by publisher