Nutritional Aspects of Osteoporosis: A Serono Symposia S.A. Publication (Serono Symposia USA)

For the third time, specialists from all over the world met to present their most recent scientific results and to update their knowledge in the expand­ ing field of nutrition and, osteoporosis. Major nutrition-al factors, such as calcium and vitamin D, were reexamined, with special attention on the ef­ fects of calcium, given either as a supplement or in dairy products in chil­ dren and adolescents, and to vitamin D supplementation in the elderly. The RDA for calcium was questioned, and the calcium requirement was rede­ fined. Special attention was paid to proteins and their growth promoting action via IGF-l, as well as to the profound effects on calcium and bone metabolism of vegetarian diets or diets rich in acidic or alkaline foods. Although considered an environmental factor influencing the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, nutrition was discussed in relation to genetic conditions, because certain genetic conditions modifY patients' responses to nutritional deficiencies and to supplementary interventions. These proceedings report the wide spectrum of research currently being undertaken and the new perspectives this presents and emphasize the sig­ nificant and important impact of nutrition on bone health and disease. Front Matter....Pages i-xx Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Calcium Intake and Age Influence Calcium Retention in Adolescence....Pages 3-10 The Effect of Enhanced Bone Gain Achieved with Calcium Supplementation During Ages 12 to 16 Does Not Persist in Late Adolescence....Pages 11-25 Skeletal Development in Young Females: Endogenous Versus Exogenous Factors....Pages 26-41 Teenage Girls Dietary Intake, Attitude Toward Dairy Products, and Bone Mineral Density One Year after the Cessation of a Dairy Product Food Supplement Study....Pages 42-49 Bone Growth in Childhood and Adolescence: The Interpretation of Dietary Supplementation Trials....Pages 50-55 Calcium Intake Is Not Related to the Increase of Bone Mass in Professional Football Players....Pages 56-60 Associations of Physical Activity and Calcium Intake with Bone Characteristics in Women....Pages 61-66 The Recommended Dietary Allowance for Calcium Is Unknown in Young Healthy Adults....Pages 67-82 Front Matter....Pages 83-83 Interaction Between Genetic and Nutritional Factors....Pages 85-98 Genetics—Dietary Calcium Interaction and Bone Mass....Pages 99-106 The Influence of the Vitamin D and Estrogen Receptor Genotypes on Bone Mineral Density Changes in Teenage Girls Supplemented with Dairy Products....Pages 107-116 Front Matter....Pages 117-117 Nutritional Regulation of Hepatic Production of IGF-1....Pages 119-130 Nutritional Factors Influencing IGF-1 Concentrations in Postmenopausal Women....Pages 131-134 IGF-1 and Osteoporosis: Lessons from Mice and Men....Pages 135-140 Protein Intake and Osteoporosis....Pages 141-154 Front Matter....Pages 155-155 Dietary Xylitol Protects Against Osseal Changes in Experimental Osteoporosis....Pages 157-162 Effects of Caffeine Consumption on Hip Fracture, Bone Density, and Calcium Retention....Pages 163-171 Effects of Soy Isoflavones on Bone....Pages 172-179 Voluntary Weight Reduction Increases Bone Turnover and Loss....Pages 180-184 Adaptation of Young Men to High Phosphate Intake....Pages 185-190 Front Matter....Pages 191-191 Bone Health and Nutritional Status of Chinese Vegetarians....Pages 193-198 Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Bone Health: Is There a Link?....Pages 199-207 Acid-Base Imbalance and the Skeleton....Pages 208-217 Salt Effects on Bone and Calcium Metabolism....Pages 218-226 Front Matter....Pages 227-227 Effects of Vitamin D 3 , 25(OH)D, and 1,25(OH) 2 D on Calcium Absorption Efficiency....Pages 229-236 Bioavailability of Various Calcium Supplements: Low-Dose Vitamin D Enhances Calcium Absorption in Normal Women....Pages 237-243 Vitamin D Deficiency Does Not Influence Peak Bone Mass in Ushuaia....Pages 244-248 Reasonable Vitamin D Daily Allowance....Pages 249-261 Does Calcium Intake Change Vitamin D Requirements?....Pages 262-267 Defining Hypovitaminosis D in the Elderly....Pages 268-277 Front Matter....Pages 279-279 Calcium and Vitamin D Nutrition in the Elderly....Pages 281-288 Prevalence of Latent Vitamin D Insufficiency in a Middle-Aged Normal Population from SU. VI. MAX Study....Pages 289-297 Vitamin D and Calcium Dietary Supplements in the Elderly....Pages 298-306 Front Matter....Pages 307-307 Interactions Between Calcium Intake and Antiresorptive Therapy in Osteoporosis....Pages 309-316 Recommended Calcium Intakes Revisited: Round Table....Pages 317-325 Back Matter....Pages 327-337 This volume is the proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Nutritional Aspects of Osteoporosis held in Lausanne, Switzerland from May 22-24, 1997. The internationally recognized faculty present the latest research on the nutritional aspects of osteoporosis