Numbers : a cultural history

Numbers: A Cultural History provides students with a compelling interdisciplinary view of the development of mathematics and its relationship to world cultures over 4,500 years of human history. Mathematics is often referred to as a "universal language," and that is a fitting description. Many cultures have contributed to mathematics in fascinating ways, but despite its "universal" character, mathematics is also a human endeavor. It has played pivotal roles in societies at particular times; and it has influenced, and been influenced by, a wide range of ideas and institutions, from commerce to philosophy. Ancient Egyptian views of mathematics, for example, are tied closely to engineering and agriculture. Some European Renaissance views, on the other hand, relate the study of number to that of the natural world. Numbers, A Cultural History seeks to place the history of mathematics into a broad cultural context. While it treats mathematical material in detail, it also relates that material to other subject matter: science, philosophy, navigation, commerce, religion, art, and architecture. It examines how mathematical thinking grows in specific cultural settings and how it has shaped those settings in turn. It also explores the movement of ideas between cultures and the evolution of modern mathematics and the quantitative, data-driven world in which we live. "Mathematics is often referred to as a "universal language," and that is a fitting description. Many cultures have contributed to mathematics in fascinating ways, but despite its "universal" character, mathematics is also a human endeavor. It has played pivotal roles in societies at particular times; and it has influenced, and been influenced by, a wide range of ideas and institutions, from commerce to philosophy. Ancient Egyptian views of mathematics, for example, are tied closely to engineering and agriculture. Some European Renaissance views, on the other hand, relate the study of number to that of the natural world.Numbers, A Cultural History seeks to place the history of mathematics into a broad cultural context. While it treats mathematical material in detail, it also relates that material to other subject matter: science, philosophy, navigation, commerce, religion, art, and architecture. It examines how mathematical thinking grows in specific cultural settings and how it has shaped those settings in turn. It also explores the movement of ideas between cultures and the evolution of modern mathematics and the quantitative, data-driven world in which we live"-- Provided by publisher Cover Title Page Copyright Contents Preface Introduction Chapter 1. Numbers in Ancient Mesopotamia Chapter 2. Numbers in Ancient Egypt Chapter 3. Numbers in Ancient Greece Chapter 4. Numbers in the Hellenistic Mediterranean Chapter 5. Numbers in Traditional China Chapter 6. Numbers and the Classical Maya Chapter 7. Numbers in Ancient and Medieval India Chapter 8. Numbers in the Medieval Arabic World Chapter 9. Numbers in Medieval Europe Chapter 10. Numbers in Early Modern Europe Chapter 11. Numbers in 18th- and 19th-Century Europe Chapter 12. Women and Numbers Chapter 13. Numbers in the 20th Century Appendix: A Brief Look at Navigation Bibliography Index Numbers in Ancient Mesopotamia -- Numbers in Ancient Egypt -- Numbers in Ancient Greece -- Numbers in the Hellenistic Mediterranean -- Numbers in Traditional China -- Numbers and the Classical Maya -- Numbers in Ancient and Medieval India -- Numbers in the Medieval Arabic World -- Numbers in Medieval Europe -- Numbers in Early Modern Europe -- Numbers in 18th and 19th Century Europe -- Women in Mathematics -- Mathematics in the 20th Century