Nuclear threats and security challenges : proceedings of hte NAZTO Advanced Research Workshop on Preparedness for Nucleair and Radiological Threats, Los Angeles, USA, 18-20 November 2014

With the dissolution of the Soviet Union the nuclear threats facing the world are constantly evolving and have grown more complex since the end of the Cold War. The diversion of complete weapon systems or nuclear material to rogue nations and terrorist organizations has increased. The events of the past years have proved the necessity to reevaluate these threats on a level never before considered. In recognition that no single country possesses all of the answers to the critical scientific, institutional and legal questions associated with combating nuclear and radiological terrorism, the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on “Preparedness for Nuclear and Radiological Threats” and this proceeding was structured to promote wide-ranging, multi-national exploration of critical technology needs and underlying scientific challenges to reducing the threat of nuclear/radiological terrorism; to illustrate through country-specific presentations how resulting technologies were used in national programs; and to outline the role of legal, policy and institutional frameworks in countering nuclear/ radiological terrorism. One key outcome of this book is better understanding of the interdependent contributions from across the international community of the scientific and technological components and the legal, policy and institutional components to combating nuclear and radiological threats. Front Matter....Pages i-ix Front Matter....Pages 1-1 GAO: Two Decades Evaluating the Impact and Effectiveness of U.S. Nuclear and Radiological Material Security Programs....Pages 3-11 Neutralizing Radicalized Threat Networks, Disrupting WMD Illicit Traffickers and Targeting Corrupt Facilitators....Pages 13-22 To Pursue an Independent Nuclear Deterrent or Not? Japan’s and South Korea’s Nuclear Decision Making Models....Pages 23-43 Overview of the Cooperative Projects Implemented by the European Commission Joint Research Centre in the Nuclear Security Area Outside Europe....Pages 45-50 Proliferation Resistance and Physical Protection (PR&PP) Evaluation Methodology and Applications....Pages 51-58 Next Generation Nuclear Security Policy: Education, Research, and Experience....Pages 59-69 The Management of Radioactive Waste in France: What Is the Threat?....Pages 71-81 Front Matter....Pages 83-83 NATO Nuclear Policy, the Ukraine Crisis, and the Wales Summit....Pages 85-95 Risk Informing Security at the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission....Pages 97-101 SCK•CEN’S Activities in the Field of CBRN Risk Mitigation: Practical Contributions to Improving Nuclear Security Governance....Pages 103-111 EU Efforts in Managing CBRN Terror Attacks....Pages 113-122 A Holistic Approach to Radiological Terrorism....Pages 123-133 The Strategic Impact of an Iranian Nuclear Weapons Capability on Israel....Pages 135-145 Nuclear Security Regulation in the United States: An Overview of U.S. NRC Functions and Activities....Pages 147-156 Current Activities of the European Union in Fighting CBRN Terrorism Worldwide....Pages 157-167 Will the Implementation of Small Modular Reactors Affect Our Response Protocols to Nuclear and Radiological Threats?....Pages 169-175 Front Matter....Pages 177-177 Advanced Concepts in Multi-dimensional Radiation Detection and Imaging....Pages 179-192 Dynamics of International Nuclear Safety: Post-Fukushima Developments in Regulatory Oversight and Filtered Vent Technology in Six Nuclear Countries....Pages 193-206 The Value of Standards for Detection of Radioactive Materials....Pages 207-215 Novel Nuclear Measurements Technologies for Safety and Security....Pages 217-228 Front Matter....Pages 177-177 Cosmic Ray Generated Charged Particles for Cargo Inspection....Pages 229-243 Front Matter....Pages 245-245 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory’s Contribution to U.S. Preparedness for Nuclear and Radiological Threats....Pages 247-255 The Emerging Threat Environment and the Impact on Nuclear Preparedness....Pages 257-263 Cross-Border Cooperation: A Key Towards Better Preparedness for Nuclear and Radiological Threats....Pages 265-275 Challenges in National Nuclear Threat Reduction Field-Regional Puzzle....Pages 277-285 With the dissolution of the Soviet Union the nuclear threats facing the world are constantly evolving and have grown more complex since the end of the Cold War. The diversion of complete weapon systems or nuclear material to rogue nations and terrorist organizations has increased. The events of the past years have proved the necessity to reevaluate these threats on a level never before considered.℗l In recognition that no single country possesses all of the answers to the critical scientific, institutional and legal questions associated with combating nuclear and radiological terrorism, the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on ĺlPreparedness for Nuclear and Radiological Threatsĺl and this proceeding was structured to promote wide-ranging, multi-national exploration of critical technology needs and underlying scientific challenges to reducing the threat of nuclear/radiological terrorism; to illustrate through country-specific presentations how resulting technologies were used in national programs; and to outline the role of legal, policy and institutional frameworks in countering nuclear/radiological terrorism. One key outcome of this book is better understanding of the interdependent contributions from across the international community of the scientific and technological components and the legal, policy and institutional components to combating nuclear and radiological threats