Nuclear Energy, Sixth Edition: An Introduction to the Concepts, Systems, and Applications of Nuclear Processes

Nuclear Energy is one of the most popular texts ever published on basic nuclear physics, systems, and applications of nuclear energy. This newest edition continues the tradition of offering a holistic treatment of everything the undergraduate engineering student needs to know in a clear and accessible way. Presented is a comprehensive overview of radioactivity, radiation protection, nuclear reactors, waste disposal, and nuclear medicine. . New coverage on nuclear safety concerns following 9/11, including radiation and terrorism, nuclear plant security, and use of nuclear techniques to detect weapons materials . New facts on nuclear waste management, including the Yucca Mountain repository. New developments in the use of nuclear-powered systems for generating cheap and abundant hydrogen from water using nuclear technology . New information on prospects for new nuclear power reactors and their applications for electricity and desalination . New end-of-chapter Exercises and Answers, lists of Internet resources, and updated references.. New instructor web site including Solutions to Exercises and PowerPoint slides. New student web site containing computer programs for use with Computer Exercises Cover ......Page 1 Copyright......Page 2 Dedication......Page 3 Preface......Page 4 About the Author......Page 6 Forces and Energy......Page 7 Thermal Energy......Page 9 Radiant Energy......Page 11 The Equivalence of Matter and Energy......Page 12 Energy and the World......Page 13 Exercises......Page 14 Computer Exercises......Page 15 General References......Page 16 References......Page 17 Atomic Theory......Page 19 The Atom and Light......Page 20 Laser Beams......Page 24 Nuclear Structure......Page 25 Binding Energy......Page 27 Exercises......Page 29 References......Page 31 Radioactive Decay......Page 33 The Decay Law......Page 34 Radioactive Chains......Page 37 Measurement of Half-Life......Page 39 Summary......Page 40 Exercises......Page 41 Computer Exercises......Page 42 References......Page 43 Transmutation of Elements......Page 45 Energy and Momentum Conservation......Page 47 Reaction Rates......Page 48 Particle Attenuation......Page 52 Neutron Cross Sections......Page 53 Neutron Migration......Page 55 Exercises......Page 60 Computer Exercises......Page 63 References......Page 64 Excitation and Ionization by Electrons......Page 66 Heavy Charged Particle Stopping by Matter......Page 67 Photon-Electron Scattering......Page 69 Electron-Positron Pair Production......Page 70 Summary......Page 73 Exercises......Page 74 References......Page 75 The Fission Process......Page 76 Energy Considerations......Page 77 Byproducts of Fission......Page 79 Energy from Nuclear Fuels......Page 82 Exercises......Page 83 References......Page 84 Fusion Reactions......Page 86 Electrostatic and Nuclear Forces......Page 87 Thermonuclear Reactions in a Plasma......Page 89 Computer Exercises......Page 91 References......Page 92 Electric and Magnetic Forces......Page 94 High-Voltage Machines......Page 96 Linear Accelerator......Page 97 Cyclotron and Betatron......Page 98 Synchrotron and Collider......Page 100 Spallation......Page 103 Summary......Page 104 Exercises......Page 105 Computer Exercises......Page 106 References......Page 107 Mass Spectrograph......Page 109 Gaseous Diffusion Separator......Page 110 Gas Centrifuge......Page 116 Laser Isotope Separation......Page 118 Summary......Page 119 Exercises......Page 120 References......Page 122 10. Radiation Detectors......Page 124 Gas Counters......Page 125 Neutron Detectors......Page 126 Scintillation Counters......Page 128 Solid State Detectors......Page 129 Statistics of Counting......Page 131 Pulse Height Analysis......Page 132 Advanced Detectors......Page 133 Detectors and Counterterrorism......Page 134 Exercises......Page 135 Computer Exercises......Page 137 References......Page 138 Criticality and Multiplication......Page 140 Multiplication Factors......Page 141 Neutron Flux and Reactor Power......Page 146 Neutron Energy......Page 147 Structural Materials......Page 148 Reactor Operation......Page 151 Exercises......Page 155 Computer Exercises......Page 157 References......Page 158 Heat Generation and Removal......Page 160 Steam Generation and Electrical Power Production......Page 166 Waste Heat Rejection......Page 168 Summary......Page 172 Exercises......Page 173 Computer Exercises......Page 174 References......Page 175 The Concept of Breeding......Page 177 Isotope Production and Consumption......Page 179 The Fast Breeder Reactor......Page 180 Integral Fast Reactor......Page 184 Breeding and Uranium Resources......Page 185 Exercises......Page 189 References......Page 190 Comparison of Fusion Reactions......Page 193 Requirements for Practical Fusion Reactors......Page 195 Magnetic Confinement Machines......Page 197 Inertial Confinement Machines......Page 201 Other Fusion Concepts......Page 204 Prospects for Fusion......Page 206 Exercises......Page 209 References......Page 210 The Rise of Nuclear Physics......Page 213 The Discovery of Fission......Page 214 The Development of Nuclear Weapons......Page 215 Reactor Research and Development......Page 217 The Nuclear Controversy......Page 219 Summary......Page 221 References......Page 222 16. Biological Effects of Radiation......Page 225 Physiological Effects......Page 226 Radiation Dose Units......Page 227 Basis for Limits of Exposure......Page 230 Sources of Radiation Dosage......Page 234 Radiation and Terrorism......Page 235 Exercises......Page 236 References......Page 237 17. Information from Isotopes......Page 240 Tracer Techniques......Page 241 Radiopharmaceuticals......Page 243 Medical Imaging......Page 244 Radioimmunoassay......Page 245 Dating......Page 247 Neutron Activation Analysis......Page 248 Radiography......Page 252 Radiation Gaugesdagger......Page 254 Summary......Page 256 Exercises......Page 257 References......Page 259 Medical Treatment......Page 263 Radiation Preservation of Food......Page 265 Sterilization of Medical Supplies......Page 270 Crop Mutations......Page 271 Insect Control......Page 272 Transmutation Doping of Semiconductors......Page 273 Neutrons in Fundamental Physics......Page 274 Neutrons in Biological Studies......Page 276 Research with Synchrotron X-rays......Page 277 Exercises......Page 278 References......Page 279 Neutron Population Growth......Page 283 Assurance of Safety......Page 287 Emergency Core Cooling and Containment......Page 294 Probabilistic Risk Assessment......Page 297 The Three Mile Island Accident and Lessons Learned......Page 300 The Chernobyl Accident......Page 303 Philosophy of Safety......Page 305 Nuclear Security......Page 306 Summary......Page 307 Exercises......Page 308 Computer Exercises......Page 311 References......Page 312 Reactors for Naval Propulsiondagger......Page 316 Space Reactors......Page 318 Space Isotopic Power......Page 320 Future Nuclear Space Applications......Page 324 Computer Exercises......Page 327 References......Page 328 Protective Measures......Page 331 Calculation of Dose......Page 333 Effects of Distance and Shielding......Page 334 Internal Exposure......Page 340 The Radon Problem......Page 341 Environmental Radiological Assessment......Page 342 Newer Radiation Standards......Page 344 Exercises......Page 347 Computer Exercises......Page 349 References......Page 350 The Nuclear Fuel Cycle......Page 353 Waste Classification......Page 355 Spent Fuel Storage......Page 357 Transportation......Page 358 Reprocessing......Page 361 High-Level Waste Disposal......Page 364 Low-Level Waste Generation, Treatment, and Disposal......Page 370 Environmental Restoration of Defense Sites......Page 377 Nuclear Power Plant Decommissioning......Page 378 Summary......Page 379 Exercises......Page 380 Computer Exercises......Page 382 References......Page 383 The Atomic Energy Acts......Page 386 The Environmental Protection Agency......Page 387 The Nuclear Regulatory Commission......Page 388 The Department of Energy......Page 390 International Atomic Energy Agency......Page 391 Institute of Nuclear Power Operations......Page 392 Other Organizations......Page 395 Energy Policy Acts......Page 399 Summary......Page 400 References......Page 401 Components of Electrical Power Cost......Page 405 Forecasts and Reality......Page 408 Technical and Institutional Improvements......Page 413 Effect of Deregulation and Restructuring......Page 415 Advanced Reactors......Page 417 Nuclear Power Renaissance......Page 419 Exercises......Page 423 References......Page 424 25. International Nuclear Power......Page 426 Reactor Distribution......Page 427 Western Europe......Page 430 Eastern Europe and the CIS......Page 432 The Far East......Page 434 Other Countries......Page 435 Summary......Page 437 References......Page 438 Nuclear Power Versus Nuclear Weapons......Page 441 Nuclear Explosives......Page 442 The Prevention of Nuclear War......Page 448 Nonproliferation and Safeguards......Page 451 IAEA Inspections......Page 453 Production of Tritium......Page 454 Management of Weapons Uranium and Plutonium......Page 455 Computer Exercises......Page 457 References......Page 458 27. The Future......Page 461 Dimensions......Page 462 World Energy Use......Page 463 Nuclear Energy and Sustainable Development......Page 466 Greenhouse Effect and Global Climate Change......Page 468 Perspectives......Page 471 Desalination......Page 475 Recycling and Breeding......Page 476 The Hydrogen Economy......Page 477 Next Generation Nuclear Plant......Page 479 Computer Exercises......Page 481 References......Page 482 Conversion Factors......Page 486 Atomic and Nuclear Data......Page 487 Answers to Exercises......Page 491 Comments......Page 496 Original Computer Programs......Page 497 A......Page 500 B......Page 501 C......Page 502 E......Page 504 F......Page 506 H......Page 507 I......Page 508 L......Page 509 M......Page 510 N......Page 511 O......Page 512 P......Page 513 R......Page 514 S......Page 515 T......Page 517 W......Page 518 Z......Page 519 Nuclear Energy is one of the most popular texts ever published on basic nuclear physics, systems, and applications of nuclear energy. This newest edition continues the tradition of offering a holistic treatment of everything the undergraduate engineering student needs to know in a clear and accessible way. Presented is a comprehensive overview of radioactivity, radiation protection, nuclear reactors, waste disposal, and nuclear medicine.

• New coverage on nuclear safety concerns following 9/11, including radiation and terrorism, nuclear plant security, and use of nuclear techniques to detect weapons materials
• New facts on nuclear waste management, including the Yucca Mountain repository
• New developments in the use of nuclear-powered systems for generating cheap and abundant hydrogen from water using nuclear technology
• New information on prospects for new nuclear power reactors and their applications for electricity and desalination
• New end-of-chapter Exercises and Answers, lists of Internet resources, and updated references.
• New instructor web site including Solutions to Exercises and PowerPoint slides
• New student web site containing computer programs for use with Computer Exercises "Nuclear Energy is one of the most popular texts ever published on basic nuclear physics, systems, and applications of nuclear energy. This newest edition continues the tradition of offering a holistic treatment of everything the undergraduate engineering student needs to know in a clear and accessible way. Presented is a comprehensive overview of radioactivity, radiation protection, nuclear reactors, waste disposal, and nuclear medicine."--Jacket A text on basic nuclear physics, systems, and applications of nuclear energy. It presents a comprehensive overview of radioactivity, radiation protection, nuclear reactors, waste disposal, and nuclear medicine. It features facts on nuclear waste management, including the Yucca Mountain repository.