Novel Innovation Design for the Future of Health : Entrepreneurial Concepts for Patient Empowerment and Health Democratization

This book highlights the reasons for an urgently needed revision of the current global healthcare setup, discusses the needed mindset for a future of health, and provides a comprehensive development toolset for disruption (and for the needed incremental innovations towards disruption). Today’s biomedical and health innovation related research in universities encourages activities that lead to incremental innovations with a relatively low risk of failure. The healthcare industry on the other hand provides tools and devices for established healthcare providers to improve the diagnosis and therapy/ treatment of the patients’ health problems. The patient is not in the center of healthcare provision however, and prevention and prediction are not core goals. The current health setup needs to be challenged and disrupted. Disruptions are coming from technologies or processes that lead to a significant (>10x) reduction in cost or price/ performance and that also come with new business models. The need for change, effects of exponential technologies, and the needed shift to prevention and to homecare for health democratization and patient empowerment will be discussed in detail in the first parts of the book. The subsequent sections address several innovation methods with a focus on a novel meta methodology named Purpose Launchpad Health. This is followed by a comprehensive discussion on health entrepreneurship activities and needs. The final section of the book addresses how to train students to become entrepreneurial health innovators, presenting successful curricula and examples of health incubation and accelerator setups. All of the innovation tools presented and used in this book are summarized in the final chapter to help the reader get started planning an entrepreneurial venture. Written by experts from academia and industry, the book covers important basics and best practices, as well as recent developments. Chapters are concise and enriched with key messages, learning objectives and real innovation examples to bridge theory and practice. This book aims to serve as a teaching base for health innovation design and to prepare for health-related entrepreneurial ventures. Readers with medical, biomedical, biotechnology, and health economics backgrounds - and anyone who wants to become a future oriented health innovator or who believes in disruptive approaches - will find this book a useful resource and teaching tool for developing validated products/ services and processes for the future of health. Foreword Rethink Health Innovation Generation with Exponential Technology Convergence Foreword The Exciting Future of Surgery but that Is Not the Primary Concern of the Future of Health Foreword Longevity Medicine as a Symbiosis and Catalysator of Health Innovation and Technology Preface Innovation Design for the Future of Health Entrepreneurial Concepts for Patient Empowerment and Health Democratization Acknowledgments Contents List of Abbreviations Part I: What Is Wrong with Health? What Should the Future of Health Be? 1: INNOVATION DESIGN for the FUTURE of HEALTH What will you learn in this chapter? Take-Home Messages References 2: Health Innovations from an Innovators ́ Perspective What will you learn in this chapter? 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Motivation 2.3 Core Principles of the Book 2.4 What Are the Book ́s Limitations? Take-Home Messages References 3: From SICKCARE to HEALTHCARE to HEALTH What will you learn in this chapter? 3.1 SICKCARE 3.2 With Disruption Toward Patient-Centered HEALTHCARE Michael, 57 years, Researcher and Serial Entrepreneur 3.3 From HEALTHCARE to HEALTH 3.4 Conclusion Take-Home Messages References 4: Future Look on Health: Opportunities What will you learn in this chapter? 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Healthcare Is a Big Business 4.3 Healthcare Stakeholders 4.4 Future Health Goals 4.5 Will Digitization, Deep-Tech/Exponential Technologies Help? 4.6 Future Health Innovation Needs 4.7 Early Questionnaire Results 4.8 Conclusion Take-Home Messages References 5: Navigating Towards a Future of ``One Health ́ ́ What will you learn in this chapter? 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Planetary Health 5.3 One Health 5.4 Health Through Behaviour and Circumstances 5.5 One Health as an Academic Convergence Challenge Take-Home Messages References Part II: Exponential Medicine + Technologies + Mindset 6: Exponential Technologies for an Exponential Medicine What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 6.1 Introduction 6.2 6D ́s Toward Health Democratization 6.3 Future Innovation Digital Health Topics 6.4 Conclusion Take-Home Messages References 7: Exponential Medicine: Challenges of Human Spaceflight Bringing Innovations for Earth-A Case Study What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Where Will the PARSiVAL Initiative and Other Exponential Space Medicine Innovations Come from? Take-Home Messages for Innovating for Space References 8: Healthy Longevity What Will You Learn in This Chapter? Take-Home Messages References 9: The Science of Health Longevity What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 9.1 Longevity Medicine 9.2 Positive Emotions for a Healthier and Longer Life 9.3 Geroprotective Mechanisms Behind Dietary Restrictions 9.4 Health Longevity and the Global Grand Challenge 9.5 Evolve a Longevity Mindset to Cultivate Health Take-Home Messages References 10: Space Healthtech: Innovation Base for Longevity What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 10.1 Introduction 10.1.1 Common Biomarkers of Human Longevity and Adaptation to the Spaceflight Environment 10.1.2 Radiation 10.1.3 Weightlessness 10.1.4 Oxidative Stress 10.1.5 Overview of Technological Overlap Between Longevity and Space Medicine Approaches 10.1.6 Precision Medicine as a Key Strategy Toward Life Expansion and Space Exploration 10.2 Road Map to Meet Astronaut Medical Requirements 10.3 Summary Take-Home Messages References Part III: Future Health Value Propositions 11: Healthcare the Melting Pot of Technology, Humanity, and Confusion What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 11.1 Aging 11.2 Expensive Technologies 11.3 Robotic Surgery. The Disappearance of the ``Almighty Surgeon ́ ́ 11.3.1 Learning Capabilities 11.3.2 Robots Are Moving Inside Our Body 11.3.3 Micro Surgery 11.4 Increase of Medical Knowledge 11.5 The End of Expensive Medications? 11.5.1 Democratizing Drug Development 11.5.2 Democratizing Health 11.6 Summary and Conclusion Take-Home Messages References 12: Democratize Health Delivery What Will You Learn in This chapter? 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Health Delivery: Status Quo 12.3 Rethinking Health Delivery 12.4 From Sick Care to Health Care Services 12.5 Impowering Health Consumers: Convenience and Responsibility 12.6 Redefining Health Care Providers 12.7 Incentivizing Health: New Financing Models or Health Savings Accounts Take-Home Messages References 13: Health Innovation Process: Definitions and Short Methodology Introductions What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Purpose Oriented Health Innovation Methodology Introduction 13.3 Summary and Conclusion Take-Home Messages References and Further Readings 14: Prevention, Prediction, Personalization, and Participation as Key Components in Future Health What Will You Learn in This Chapter? Take-Home Messages References 15: Digital Health Business Models: Transformation Is on the Horizon What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 15.1 Introduction 15.1.1 Four Components of Business Models 15.1.2 Business Models in Digital Healthcare 15.1.3 Offering 15.1.4 Patient Journey 15.1.5 Value Chain 15.1.6 Financial Model 15.2 Value Creation, Value Delivery, and Value Capture in Digital Health 15.3 Summary Take-Home Messages References 16: Value Propositions for Future Health Developments: Digital, Portable, Connected, Experience-Enhancing, Supportive, Patient... What Will You Learn in This Chapter? Take-Home Messages References 17: (Digital) Patient Journey and Empowerment: Digital Twin What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Analyzing the Patient Journey Dimensions 17.2.1 Regularity of Interactions 17.2.2 Decision-Making 17.2.3 Mode of Interaction 17.2.4 Digital Twins Are Fostering the Patient Journey Transformation 17.3 Digital Twins 17.3.1 Digital Twins and the Patient Journey 17.3.2 Digital Twins, Data Ownership and Sharing 17.4 Conclusion Take-Home Messages References Part IV: Innovation Methodology Basics 18: Stanford Biodesign as Base: Empathy and Patient Centricity as the Main Driver What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 18.1 Introduction 18.2 The Biodesign Process 18.2.1 The Identify Phase 18.2.2 The Invention Phase 18.2.3 The Implementation Phase 18.3 Empathy Toward the User, Patient Centricity as Driver 18.4 Limitations 18.4.1 Interdisciplinary Barriers 18.4.2 Disruptive Innovation 18.4.3 Costs and Financing 18.5 Conclusion Take-Home Messages References and Further Reading 19: Purpose Launchpad Methodology: Introduction What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 19.1 Purpose Launchpad 19.2 Purpose Launchpad: Methodology and Assessment 19.2.1 Purpose Launchpad Principles 19.2.2 Ways to Implement Purpose Launchpad 19.2.3 Purpose Launchpad Phases 19.2.4 Purpose Launchpad Axes 19.2.4.1 Purpose 19.2.4.2 People 19.2.4.3 Customer 19.2.4.4 Abundance 19.2.4.5 Viability 19.2.4.6 Processes 19.2.4.7 Product 19.2.4.8 Metrics 19.2.5 Purpose Launchpad Assessment and Radar 19.2.6 Purpose Launchpad Phase Targets 19.2.7 Purpose Launchpad Sprints 19.2.8 Purpose Launchpad Resources 19.2.8.1 Purpose Launchpad Repository 19.2.8.2 Purpose Launchpad Board Take-Home Messages References 20: Design Thinking for Innovations in Healthcare What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 20.1 Introduction 20.2 How Design Thinking works 20.2.1 Empathize 20.2.2 Define 20.2.3 Ideate 20.2.4 Prototype 20.2.5 Test 20.3 Design Thinking in Action 20.4 Conclusion Take-Home Messages References 21: VPC to BMC to Exponential Canvas: Canvas Interconnectivity for Exponential Scaling What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 21.1 Methods Overview 21.2 Analysis of Canvas Interconnections: ExO Canvas and BMC 21.2.1 Staff on Demand SoD 21.2.2 Algorithms 21.3 Creating an Exponential BMC 21.4 Conclusion Take-Home Messages References 22: Innovation Methodology I3 EME: Awareness for Biomedical Engineers What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 22.1 Motivation 22.2 Innovation Methodology I3 EME 22.2.1 Identify an Unmet Clinical Need 22.2.2 Invent a Potential Solution 22.2.3 Implement a Verified Solution 22.3 Key Themes and Twenty-First Century Soft Skills that Promote Success 22.4 Outcome Measures Take-Home Messages References Part V: Ethics + Health Innovation 23: Integrating Ethical Considerations into Innovation Design What Will You Learn in This Chapter? Why Does Ethics Deserve Its Own Chapter? 23.1 Introduction 23.2 Why Socio-ethical Considerations Should Be Integral to the Development Process Box 23.1 Take-Aways: Why Socio-ethical Considerations Should Be Integral to the Development Process Box 23.2 A Dystopian and Utopian Vision of (Un-)Ethical AI in Health 23.3 The Difference between Regulations and Ethics Box 23.3 Major Ethical Principles Proposed by the European Commission, OECD, and WHO Box 23.4 Take-Aways: The Difference between Regulation and Ethics 23.4 Ethical Considerations from the Beginning of the Development Process: Principles of Responsible Research and Innovation 23.4.1 Anticipation 23.4.2 Reflexivity 23.4.3 Inclusion 23.4.4 Responsiveness Box 23.5 Take-Aways: Principles of RRI 23.5 Responsible Innovation in Health 23.5.1 Population Health Value 23.5.2 Health System Value 23.5.3 Economic Value 23.5.4 Organizational Value 23.5.5 Environmental Value Box 23.6 Take-Aways: Responsible Innovation in Health 23.6 Entrepreneurial Motives and Advantages of Responsible Innovation 23.7 Ethics Is Not a Checklist Issue: But This Can Get You Started 23.7.1 An Overview of Ethical Issues in (AI-based) Health Technology 23.7.1.1 Autonomy 23.7.1.2 Accountability 23.7.1.3 Bias 23.7.1.4 Privacy and IT-Security 23.7.1.5 Data Quality, Context, and Provenance 23.7.1.6 Socio-technical Challenges 23.7.1.7 Safety and Reliability 23.7.1.8 Erroneous Definition of Innovation Goals 23.7.1.9 Malicious Intent or Misconduct 23.7.2 Tools for Enabling Ethical Reflection 23.7.2.1 Consequence Scanning 23.7.2.2 The Ethics Canvas 23.7.2.3 The RRI Roadmap 23.8 Summary Take-Home Messages References Part VI: Health Innovation Design 24: Case Studies Used Throughout the Book: Innovation Categories Explained What Will you Learn in This Chapter? 24.1 Introduction 24.2 Innovation Categories Covered with these Case Studies 24.3 Summary Take-Home Messages 25: Why Is Healthcare Different with Respect to Innovation and Entrepreneurial Activities? What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 25.1 Getting the Problem Definition Right Is Difficult if You Have No Access to the Clinical Setting 25.1.1 Many Obvious Problems but Only a Few Are High Priority 25.2 Understanding and Navigating the Complexity of the Healthcare System Is a Key Barrier to Innovation Adoption 25.2.1 The User, the Champion (of a New Solution) and the Paying Customer Is Rarely the Same Person 25.2.2 Selling Healthcare Products Is Not as Straight Forward as Selling a Car 25.2.3 Siloed Organizations Prevents Sound Uptake of Solutions that Addresses Preventive Health Measures 25.3 Being Bold and Fast as an Entrepreneur and Operate as a Century-Old Professional Medical Device Company 25.3.1 Adoption of New Health Technology Depends on Expert Recommendations Based on Evidence 25.4 Reflection on Action Questions Take-Home Messages Reference 26: Purpose Launchpad Health (PLH) Methodology Introduction What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 26.1 Introduction 26.2 PLH Methodology 26.2.1 The Eight Segments of PL for the Different Phases 26.2.2 The PLH Innovation Tools for Exploration/Evaluation 26.2.3 The PLH Innovation Process 26.2.4 Innovation Accounting: Learning as Essential Measure 26.3 Results 26.4 Conclusion Take-Home Messages References Part VII: Purpose Launchpad Health 27: Purpose Launchpad Health: Exploration and Evaluation Phases-Actual Case Studies What Will You Learn in This Chapter? Case Studies 27.1 Tools for Innovations in Healthcare along the Purpose Launchpad Dimensions 27.2 Purpose Tools 27.2.1 Massive Transformative Purpose (MTP) Canvas 27.2.2 Moonshot-Vision-Mission-Values (MVMV) Canvas 27.3 People Tools 27.3.1 BOSI Assessment (Internal Team) 27.3.2 Team Canvas (Internal Team) 27.3.3 Community Canvas 27.4 Customer Tools 27.4.1 Value Proposition Canvas 27.4.2 Persona and Empathy Canvas 27.5 Abundance Tools 27.5.1 ExO Canvas 27.5.2 Test and Learning Cards 27.6 Viability Tools 27.6.1 Business Model Canvas 27.6.2 Ethics Canvas 27.7 Processes, Product, and Metrics Tools 27.7.1 Process Segment Tools 27.7.2 Product Segment Tools 27.7.3 Metrics Tools 27.8 Radar, Backlog, and PLH Results-BODYTUNE 27.9 PLH Summary 27.10 Remark with Respect to the Use of the Tools Take-Home Messages References Part VIII: Health Leadership, Skills and other Methodologies 28: Soft Skills Needed for Problem Understanding and Innovation Generation What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 28.1 Professional Expertise Is Highly Relevant, but Not Enough for Innovation to Happen 28.2 Opportunity Identification 28.3 Needs-Driven Innovation Is a Structured and Purposeful Way of Opportunity Identification 28.4 How to Practice Empathizing 28.5 Case Example 28.6 Knowing the Problem Is Not the Same as Daring to Solve It Take-Home Messages References 29: Leadership in Healthcare: A Novel Approach. Healthcare Executives ́ Traits, Styles, and Approaches What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 29.1 Educating Future Healthcare Leaders Take-Home Messages References 30: Future Skills Framework in Healthcare What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 30.1 Introduction 30.2 Overview about Future Skills 30.3 Discussion 30.4 Conclusion Take-Home Messages Reference 31: Porter ́s Five Forces Analysis: Quo Vadis Immunotherapy Industry What will you learn in this chapter? 31.1 Introduction 31.2 Cell Therapy: Defining a New Industry 31.2.1 Casting the Die 31.2.2 Industry Cost of Goods 31.3 Applying Porter ́s Five Forces 31.3.1 Rivalry Among Existing Competitors 31.3.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers 31.3.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers 31.3.4 Threat of New Entrants 31.3.5 Threat of Substitute Products or Services 31.4 Quo Vadis: The Patient, The Mission Take-Home Messages References Part IX: Health Entrepreneurship 32: Global Health Markets and Their Different Needs What will you learn in this chapter? 32.1 Introduction 32.2 Market and Competition 32.3 Reimbursement Options 32.4 Regulation and Certification 32.5 Legal, Political, and Social Framework Conditions 32.6 Market Entry Plan and Market Entry Opportunities 32.7 Conclusion Take-Home Messages References 33: Patient: Health Relation and Digital Health Entrepreneurship What will you learn in this chapter? 33.1 Needs: It Is All About the Pains and Gains-Or Is It About Data? 33.1.1 Value Creation Path of Data 33.1.2 User Benefit First 33.1.3 A Must: Think in New Dimensions-Think Disruptively! 33.1.4 Market Rules Rule 33.1.5 Chase the Big Five! 33.2 The Patient (Experience) Ecosystem 33.3 The ``Ecosystem of the Ecosystem ́ ́ of the Patient 33.4 Follow the Data! 33.5 Use Real-World Data! 33.6 The Way Is the Goal 33.6.1 Think Simple 33.6.2 Hybrid Things 33.6.3 Big Data Take-Home Messages 34: Health Start-Up: Create Impact and be Investment Ready Intra- and Entre-Preneurs What will you learn in this chapter? 34.1 Introduction 34.2 Health Entrepreneur Checklist Towards a Start-Up 34.3 One Page Strategic Plan (OPSP) 34.4 Additional Advice 34.5 Summary Take-Home Messages References 35: Regulatory Issues for Health Innovations What will you learn in this chapter? 35.1 Regulatory Framework 35.2 Preparing the People 35.3 Preparing the Company 35.4 Preparing the Product 35.5 Checklist for Starting the Regulatory Journey Take-Home Messages References and Further Reading 36: Innovation Think Tank Frameworks for Resolving ``The Innovator ́s Dilemma ́ ́ in Healthcare What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 36.1 Introduction 36.2 Material and Methods 36.3 Results 36.4 Discussion 36.5 Conclusion Take-Home Messages References 37: A Primer on Patents and IP for Health Innovations What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 37.1 Introduction 37.2 Why Do We Need to Protect Our Intellectual Property? 37.3 Patents 37.4 Are There Any Disadvantages Filing Patents? 37.5 What Is the Value of IP? 37.6 Licensing (In/Out) and Patent Ownership 37.7 Future of Patenting and Digital Health Inventions 37.8 Patent Recommendations 37.9 Summary Take-Home Messages References 38: Successfully Implementing Ambidexterity in the Medical Industry What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 38.1 Introduction 38.2 The Innovator ́s Dilemma 38.3 Ambidexterity 38.4 The Nine-Field Ambidexterity Matrix 38.5 Conclusion Take-Home Messages References 39: Reverse Innovation: Circumvent Digital Health Transformation Issues What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 39.1 Introduction 39.2 Digital Transformation 39.3 Reverse Healthcare Innovation 39.4 Health Innovations from Outside the Western World 39.5 Importance of Entrepreneurship for the HC Transition 39.6 Discussion and Conclusion Take-Home Messages References Part X: Health Innovation Education and Incubation 40: Health Innovation Design: ``CAMPing ́ ́ for the Unmet Clinical Need What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 40.1 The Setup 40.2 The Role Models and Early Leaders 40.3 Educational Courses Supporting the Innovation 40.4 The Current Lecture Setup for ``Innovation Generation in the Healthtech Domain ́ ́ Take-Home Messages References 41: Health Technology Innovation Generation (HTIG) Lecture and Project Classes at AGH University What Will You Learn in this Chapter? 41.1 Introduction Learning Box 41.2 Organizational Information on HTIG Course Run at AGH Autumn/Winter Semester 2021/2022 41.3 Curriculum Content 41.3.1 Raising Students ́ Awareness on Current Healthcare Problems and Challenges (Awaking = WHY) Learning Box Learning Box 41.3.2 Healthcare 4.0, Technical Readiness, and Anticipated Technological Development (WHAT are the Expectations?) Learning Box 41.3.3 The Future of Healthcare Starts Today in Front of Our Own Eyes (It Is Already Happening = WHEN) 41.3.4 Conscious Role of the Biomedical Engineer in Innovation Design (What is Expected and How It Can Be Learned = WHO) Learning Box 41.3.5 Tools and Techniques for Innovation Generation (Building Your Own Path to Health Technology Innovation = HOW) Learning Box 41.4 Tools for Keeping Students Engaged During and Between Classes 41.4.1 Communication Channels and Engagement Tools Between Classes 41.4.2 Keeping Interest During the Classes Learning Box 41.5 Team and Individual Assignments, Grading 41.6 Conclusion and Lecture Summary Take-Home TIPS and Messages TEACHERS Take-Home TIPS and Messages STUDENTS References 42: Health Innovation Design at a University: INKA INNOLAB at Otto-von-Guericke-University What Will You Learn in this Chapter? 42.1 Introduction 42.2 Focus 42.3 Design and Structure 42.3.1 Creative Space 42.3.2 Prototyping and Electronics Laboratory 42.3.3 Simulation Surgical Room 42.4 Student Training 42.5 Network 42.5.1 Clinical Panel 42.5.2 Industry Board 42.5.3 Graduate School T2I2 42.6 Outlook Take-Home Messages References 43: Clinical Innovation at Acibadem Biodesign Center What Will You Learn in this Chapter? 43.1 The Need 43.2 This Is the Way! 43.2.1 Biomedical Engineering at ACU 43.2.1.1 Biodesign Perspective ABC WAY 43.2.1.2 Employability Skills: Mastering Core Competencies 43.2.1.3 Transdisciplinarity 43.3 Conclusion Take-Home Messages References 44: Example of a Needs-Driven Innovation Training Program: The BioMedical Design Novo Nordisk Foundation Fellowship Program What Will You Learn in this Chapter? 44.1 Introduction 44.2 The Methodological Framework of BioMedical Design 44.3 Harvesting Tacit Knowledge and Sticky Information for Problem-Solving 44.4 Understanding the Process of Commercialization 44.5 Creative Self-Efficacy 44.6 Interdisciplinary Collaborative Abilities and Team Skills 44.7 Fostering a Pipeline of Talented Innovators to Shape the Future of Healthcare Take-Home Messages References 45: Addressing the Healthcare Needs with Innovation Think Tank Global Infrastructure and its Methodology What Will You Learn in this Chapter? 45.1 Introduction 45.2 Materials and Methods 45.3 Results 45.4 Discussion 45.5 Conclusion Take-Home Messages References 46: The Power of a Collaborative Ecosystem: Introducing the Edison Accelerator What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 46.1 Introduction 46.2 Case Study 46.3 Conclusion Take-Home Messages Reference 47: HealthTec Networks and Clusters (Global): Innovation Clusters in Medtech in Europe What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 47.1 Introduction 47.2 Trends and Technology 47.3 Data and Digitalization 47.4 Regulation 47.5 Reimbursement 47.6 Marketplace 47.6.1 Example 1: Forum MedTech Pharma e.V. 47.6.2 Example 2: Medical Valley EMN e.V. 47.6.3 Example 3: Medical Mountains GmbH 47.6.4 MedTech Cluster Alliance D-A-CH: Fusion of Leading Clusters in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland 47.7 Conclusion Take-Home Messages References 48: Leadership-Compass: ``Networking and Synapting Empowered by Health Captains ́ ́ What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 48.1 Conclusion 48.2 The Health Captains Club Platform I 48.2.1 The Dunbar Metrics (SQ) 48.2.2 Social Networks 48.2.3 Real Strategic Network and Alliance System 48.2.4 Added Value from Networks 48.2.5 Neuroleadership-Experience: Dunbar Number 150+Tipping Point Number 150 48.3 The Health Captains Club Platform II 48.3.1 The Super-Convergence 48.3.2 Platforms for Solving the Integration and Interpretation Tasks of Medical Data 48.4 Summary Take-Home Messages References Part XI: Purpose Launchpad Health: Toolset Templates and Principles 49: PLH Templates and Principles What Will You Learn in This Chapter? 49.1 Introduction 49.1.1 Core Innovation Principles of this Book 49.1.2 Core Principles of the Purpose Launchpad 49.2 PLH Segment Tools 49.3 Remark with Respect to the Use of the Tools Take-Home Messages References