حوادث عادی: زندگی با فناوری‌های پرخطر

Analyzes the social side of technological risk. Charles Perrow argues that the conventional engineering approach to ensuring safety - building in more warnings and safeguards - fails because systems complexity makes failures inevitable. "Normal" accidents, or system accidents, are so-called by Perrow because such accidents are inevitable in extremely complex systems. Given the characteristic of the system involved, multiple failures which interact with each other will occur, despite efforts to avoid them. Perrow said that operator error is a very common problem, many failures relate to organizations rather than technology, and big accidents almost always have very small beginnings. Such events appear trivial to begin with before unpredictably cascading through the system to create a large event with severe consequences. Perrow identifies three conditions that make a system likely to be susceptible to Normal Accidents. These are: - The system is complex - The system is tightly coupled - The system has catastrophic potential [[Wikipedia][1]] [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_Accidents "Wikipedia" Introduction -- Normal Accident At Three Mile Island -- Nuclear Power As A High-risk System: Why We Have Not Had More Tmis -- But Will Soon -- Complexity, Coupling And Catastrophe -- Petrochemical Plants -- Aircraft And Airways -- Marine Accidents -- Earthbound Systems: Dams, Quakes, Mines, And Lakes -- Exotics: Space, Weapons And Dna -- Living With High-risk Systems. Charles Perrow. Includes Index. Bibliography: P. 366-375. Choice Outstanding Academic Books And Nonprint Materials Discusses the pros and cons of high-risk technologies, explains how to reduce the possibilities for catastrophic accidents, and analyzes the causes of specific industrial accidents