NMR : Tomography, Diffusometry, Relaxometry

Tomography, diffusometry and relaxometry are fields based on common physical principles. The combined use of such techniques provides synergistic insight into physicochemical material properties of an object. The difficulty which newcomers to the field face is to practice and to apply theoretical formalisms from different sources while still learning the principles of NMR and while being already engaged in NMR research. So the author's ambition is a treatise that offers easy and quick access for the reader to any implied matter of interest. He has exerted himself to facilitate the comprehension of NMR principles by extensive cross-referencing among the sections and chapters. Front Matter....Pages i-xxiii Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Introductory Remarks....Pages 3-6 Isolated Spins in Inhomogeneous Fields....Pages 7-20 Rotary Echoes....Pages 21-25 Solid Echoes of Dipolar-Coupled Spins....Pages 26-36 Solid Echoes of I = 1 Quadrupole Nuclei....Pages 37-41 Dipolar and Quadrupolar Magic Echoes....Pages 42-50 Coherence Transfer of J -Coupled Spins....Pages 51-76 Front Matter....Pages 77-77 Survey....Pages 79-80 Categorization of Relaxation Phenomena....Pages 81-89 Spin-Relaxation Functions....Pages 90-96 Perturbation Theory of Spin Relaxation....Pages 97-101 Spin-Lattice Relaxation....Pages 102-115 Transverse Relaxation....Pages 116-124 Examples of Autocorrelation Functions....Pages 125-137 Field-Cycling NMR Relaxometry....Pages 138-148 Field-Cycling Relaxometry in Biosystems....Pages 149-158 The Dipolar-Correlation Effect....Pages 159-174 Survey of NMR Diffusometry....Pages 175-178 Main-Field Gradient NMR Diffusometry....Pages 179-190 Reciprocal- vs Real-Space Representations....Pages 191-199 Front Matter....Pages 77-77 RF-Field-Gradient NMR Diffusometry....Pages 200-207 Examples for Anomalous Self-Diffusion....Pages 208-215 Exchange....Pages 216-229 Front Matter....Pages 231-231 Survey....Pages 233-237 Fundamentals of NMR Imaging....Pages 238-253 Parameter-Weighted Contrasts....Pages 254-260 Relaxation-Dispersion Maps....Pages 261-265 Frequency-Offset Maps....Pages 266-276 Gradient-Pulse Moments and Motions....Pages 277-282 Velocimetry and Velocity Maps....Pages 283-289 Diffusivity Maps....Pages 290-292 Resolution....Pages 293-302 Multi-Stripe/Plane Tagging....Pages 303-311 Rotating-Frame Imaging....Pages 312-315 Imaging of Solid Samples....Pages 316-324 Slice-Selective Homonuclear Spin-Locking....Pages 325-339 Homonuclear Localized NMR....Pages 340-359 Cross-Polarization Principles....Pages 360-366 Single-Transition Operator Theory of Cross-Polarization....Pages 367-381 Proton-Detected Localized 13 C NMR....Pages 382-387 Front Matter....Pages 231-231 Heteronuclear Imaging....Pages 388-394 Front Matter....Pages 395-395 Miscellaneous Formulae and Rules....Pages 397-410 Rules for Traces....Pages 411-413 Commutator Algebra....Pages 414-415 Exponential and Trigonometric Operators....Pages 416-417 Spin Hamiltonians....Pages 418-426 The Density Operator....Pages 427-434 Unitary Transformations in NMR....Pages 435-454 Irreducible Spherical Tensor Operators....Pages 455-466 Derivation of Basic NMR Spectra....Pages 467-474 Product Operators for Spins 1/2....Pages 475-492 Spin Operators for I = 1 Quadrupole Nuclei....Pages 493-496 Back Matter....Pages 497-526 When I planned this book seven years ago I had my graduate students at the University of Ulm in mind, diploma as well as doctoral students, who often asked me what literature they should work with. I used to suggest a list of ten to twenty (for my taste: excellent) treatises on NMR. Apparently this did not make them entirely happy. The difficulty which newcomers to the field face is to practise and to apply theoretical formalisms from different sources while still learning the principles of NMR and being actively engaged in NMR research. Although the text presented here is largely based on my lecture notes, the result is a'working book'rather than an introduction. It is intended to provide direct access to the basic information one needs for NMR diffusometry, relaxometry, and tomography applications. A'working book'is certainly not suitable to be read starting on page one and then carrying on until the last page. Boldly extrapolating my own reading habits to those of the typical scientist I am sure that this is not the way in which monographs of this kind are read nowadays. So my aim was to produce a treatise that offers easy and quick access for the reader to relevant matters of interest. I tried hard to ease the comprehension of NMR principles by extensive cross-referencing among the sections and chapters. Tomography, diffusometry and relaxometry are fields based on common phys­ ical principles. Concerned with providing quick and easy access to theoretical formalisms of NMR, this text includes chapters on: spin coherence and echoes; molecular motion; and localization and imaging. It incorporates cross-referencing among the different sections and chapters.